Psychology Essays

The growing literature on the understanding of human development has made it clear that both sides of the debate are partly right. Nature endows individuals with inborn traits and capabilities while nurture molds the genetic tendencies as people mature and learn.

I mentioned in my research proposal that it has always been a hot topic of debate whether teenage violence is a result of biological factors, or environmental/evolutionary conditions are also responsible for it. Although I have proposed that teenage violence is a result of an environmental factor; i.e., substance abuse; yet, I came across some very strong opposing viewpoints that emphasized that teenage violence is solely related to biological factors (Ferguson, 2008, p.321) or, in other words, genetics (Tehrani and Mednick, 2000).

These theories aim to understand how people arrive at certain solutions and what factors affect this process. Among these theories is the analogical problem-solving theory created by Gick and Holyoak. They conducted several experiments to understand how having prior experience information about a certain problem affects how they arrive at a solution.

Through obedience, human behavior becomes somewhat predictable. The simplest yet most precise definition of obedience is acting in accord with a direct order or command. A person cannot arbitrarily be assumed to obey if there lacks an established framework of rules or a precise command that lays expectations on how individuals should actually behave.

It is not easy to see past the superficial duties of the nightwatchman volunteer position into the realm of possibilities, especially when one is trying to decipher requests for more food in broken English or trying to keep everyone under control when the coffee maker is out of order. However, in these sorts of ambiguous sorts of circumstances, I believe, people develop the most.

Business organizations have grown to be highly competitive in the present times with the rising globalization. With newer organizations developing in every industry, organizations feel the need to take innovative measures and focus on creativity to gain a competitive advantage over their competitors enabling the companies to retain their old customers.

My certification with respect to high dependence training and mentorship, along with other senior members of the unit allowed us to properly cater to the development of this aspect of the NHS KSF. Undeniably, these allowed us to impart our knowledge to the junior members in order to enable them to properly respond to our patients.

The biological aspect of psychology that deals with the study of the neurological processes and impulses which forms the basis of thinking and cognitive functioning within a human being is one of the most fundamental studies in this field as it includes most of the asepcts mentioned above.

People with prosopagnosia may behave normally in all the other circumstances, except in circumstances in which they force to identify certain faces. They may recognize other objects quite normally, but when it comes to face recognition, they may struggle to identify the faces they observed in their past life.

Name: Professor: Course Title: Date: Abnormal Psychology 1. Antisocial Personality Disorder has genetic and physiological causes. According to the text, adopted children of criminals with this disorder rate high in criminality (physiological cause). Criminality involves getting into trouble.

These adaptations originate from the theoretical framework spelling out natural assortment and sexual selection. Evolutionary psychologists establish that the human mind is organized and divided into different modules, each with its respective functionality as a separate entity, performing diverse functions just like the body (Badcock, 2000).

 This act was done within the school properties. After an extensive investigation of the jury, Jerry was found to have committed about 40 cases of sex abuse. Many of the school officials were charged with false swearing as they covered up these wrong acts of the couch for years. 

Above all, as opposed to many authorities in psychology who tend towards structuralism, Small maintains that love is key to effectively helping a patient. This is not only Small’s tenth point but the virtue that facilitates all the necessary actions pertinent to counselling and other forms of psychology-based approaches to help.

An individual suffers from depression due to one or more of several reasons. These causes span and combine biological, psychological, and social concerns; and include reduced neurotransmitter activity in the brain. Serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine are among the primary neurotransmitters implicated in depressed behavior.

The human brain is a complex system although man has been slowly cracking down on the coordination of the signals and activities. Psychologists and neuroscientists are using this knowledge to enhance the memory and learning process of the human brain. In addition, humans have designed procedures for restoring lost neural connections.

For a long period, the issue of mood disorder has raised a lot of controversies among experts in the field of children’s mental health development. Bipolar disorder constitutes incidents of both major mania and despair. The diagnostic manual relied upon by mental health professionals is based on the identification of bipolar disorder among grown-ups.

Unnatural Causes Furthermore, the torture black women face for the fear of giving birth to the less weight children is adverse as the whites only associates the babies to poor practices such as smoking, poor parental care and taking alcohol. Another aspect of the society that causes psychological and mental health is the social gap that separates the whites from the blacks due to the level of poverty.

The prenatal development influence later development of a person in different ways. It is during the prenatal period that caregivers prepare to develop the child in its various aspects. It is during this period that the caregivers have the prospects of the sex of the child and thus designs the gender roles and gender typing.

Generally speaking, organizational training has a significant impact on employees. Unlike other training, organizational training contributes to employee motivation and commitment toward their organization. According to Amoah & Baum, (1997), the hotel industry best describes the impact of employee training.

The utilitarianism theory explains that an action, which maximizes the sense of happiness and pleasure, is the action regarded best in nature. The results of this theory can be identified solely through the outcomes leaded by the actions defined as the ideal course.

MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator), consists of 16 different types of personality, each type having a four letter code, which describes and helps utilize the differences in the personality (McCaulley, 1998). MBTI instrument estimates the preferences and judgments of an individual developed from the self-analysis of the reactions, preferences and judgments.

The latter two approaches are discussed in this essay. The first section presents an overview of classical conditioning and operant conditioning. The second part discusses the two approaches’ strengths and weaknesses. And the last section discusses the relevance of these two approaches to contemporary counseling practice.

Positive Psychology is the study of conditions and processes contributing to the optimal functioning of people, groups, and institutions while resiliency factors are traits such as hardiness and mental toughness that help an individual be strong in the face of adversities and bounce back with ease when they fail.

The diagnosis process is described in the paper within the application of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV) model and David’s symptoms to come up with a conclusive diagnosis.

Although the causes of bipolar disorder typically vary, the author agrees that most of the cases of illness are attributed to genetic conditions and physiological and environmental factors. According to Power (2004), a number of genes in particular chromosomal regions are associated with the development and progression of bipolar disorder.

The increased incidence of counseling needs and psychological issues on returning, active duty, and inactive duty soldiers, the negative stigma that is oftentimes associated with seeking counseling, and the political desire to paint a favorable image of the military and the wars that have been fought;

This paper will attempt to provide a critical analysis of theories from Skinner and Bandura. It is curious to note that although B.F. Skinner and Albert Bandura both wanted to know how the individual changes behavior they went about it in different ways. Whereas B.F.

The WRVH presents “a typology of violence” that explains the different circumstances in which violence might occur. It is useful in understanding the ways of interaction between different types of violence. According to this topology violence can be inflicted in four ways; physical, sexual, psychological attack and deprivation.

The information processing theory by Miller is very interesting. First, his concept of chunking and short-term memory proves challenging and informative. His idea of short-term holds 5- 9 chunks of data seems applicable in all spheres of life, thus forming the basis of subsequent memory theories (Miller, 1956).

Rape myth describes certain attitudes as well as beliefs which contribute to sexual violence through blame game. The blame game aims to shift sexual assault blame from the perpetrators to the victim.  Some of the rape myths include; women provoke men to rape. Men cannot be raped. Women present false reports concerning rape.

Radical behaviourism was developed by B. F. Skinner and had the distinction of accepting mediating structures and emotions in behaviours. Skinner believed that the inner processes exist and are behaviours themselves and in need of explanation, but they do not have any role in the measurement, control and prediction of behaviour

This research aims to evaluate and present five steps on how to get over disappointment. These steps would be stated as follows: by making-up ones mind, figure out how to avert the same disappointment in future; stop going over the details; get on grossed in something to create fun and take the disappointment in strides.

The author states that psychotherapy allows understanding of human behavior thoroughly and provides unique propositions for the practice of counseling on the patients. Based on the cognitive behavior therapy, it has been obtained that thinking influences and affects behavior. Thus, thinking and feeling are significant measurements.

There are certain notable topics that resonated well with the interviewee during the interview. One aspect that came out strongly from his responses is the value of being physically active in an individual’s life. The interviewee repeatedly narrated some of his earlier physical life activities, which has enabled him to maintain his upright posture to date. 

Overweight has been and is a disturbing issue especially in the United States where 65% of adults, 17% of young people, and about 1 in every 5 children are struggling with mass issues. Overweight is highly associated with so many diseases among them diabetes and cardiovascular disorders and therefore it is always advisable to keep our weight in check.

In this disorder, the patients do not have any underlying motive for the false portrayal of a disease and it is this point which has been laid as the differentiation factor of factitious disorder from malingering by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV-TR).

It is therefore important to have consultation guidelines or frameworks to help suicide victims (Anderson, 2007). In any country, the government should work closely with counseling professionals to ensure that suicide victims receive help. Any strategy developed by the counselors integrates with other suicide prevention strategies to have a collective responsibility (Rachmnand et al., 2011).

Bipolar disorder is a psychiatric condition usually characterized by mood disorders by the affected individual. Many doctors and psychiatrists agree that bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by lows and highs of moods (mania and depression), but they do not agree on the primary cause of the condition.

Factors Contributing to the Production of an Infant’s Whereas the ability of infants to speak their first words might seem general, there are fascinating important things about children’s speech. It is without denial that infants are totally unaware of their environment and speech and this nature of mental blankness creates the first difficulty for language acquisition.

The author states that another issue that makes a certain employment practise a bona fide occupational qualification is the legality of the practise. In almost all professions, a holder of a position is required by law to perform some certain duties and responsibilities, these responsibilities cannot be separated from the profession.

Branch of pseudoscience stays alive due to the fact that those individuals involved in it fiercely believe their claims to be true; as such some of these individuals have been proven to falsify evidence and doctor pictures, footprints, and other types of “evidence” that helps to support their claim (Neckar 65). 

Depending on the character, psyche, and emotional feeling of these transient beings, their behaviors are depicted in how they walk through, avail of seats, and behave while seated with the rest of the passengers. These passengers could be professionals, workers, students, sports enthusiasts, and mere travelers, in a rush or simply on time for the ride.

Many people tend to ignore simple psychological challenges that they undergo without actually realizing that some of these problems can be directly attributed to their childhood experiences. The article mainly focuses on the mediation effect of neuroticism on the Relationship between Childhood Adversity and Adult Sleep Quality.

Although neural processes are of great interest within social neurosciences, little knowledge exists about the modulation of the brain’s emphatic responses by the effectiveness of the link between individuals (Singer et al 2006). In their research, they sought to prove that there are preferences responsible for the modulation of the emphatic responses.

Other than limbs, phantom pains and other sensations also occur for other amputated parts of the body. These may include the eyes, breasts, teeth, etc. The amputees have reported the missing limbs to feel shorter than normal and out of place or distorted. Phantom limb pains can be intensified by anxiety, stress, and weather changes.

 The negative tendency in the social development is reflected in the crisis of the family institute leveling the moral values and moral norms. The result is the increasing number of social orphans, child neglect, and delinquency. Now such item as addictive or deviant behavior has become widely used in the fields of pedagogy and psychology. 

The ushering of a new millennium saw the rise of numerous homeless people in the country today. Among these homeless people are actual war veterans who have served in the armed forces, who were eventually never reintegrated into society. Around 25%-46% of the homeless people’s population composed of war veterans.

Learning theories have an influential effect in the attempts to decipher criminal behaviours. These theories play a central role in understanding crime. According to differential association theory, criminal behaviour occurs in a cultural conflict context characterized by increased criminal behaviour due to association with criminals.

Personality disorders have been broadly classified into 10 specific types like a paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder etc. (American Psychiatric Association, p.685). There can be many subcategories as well as distinct groupings involving these categories.

The young ones with disabilities look at life from a very pessimistic angle because they believe that their lives have come to an end, and that they cannot move ahead further in life. What is important to know is how they are able to sustain pressures within their folds and what more they could do to keep themselves mentally and physically strong.