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1. CASE STUDY: HELEN KAY
In Axis I Diagnosis, it is evident that that patient is suffering from 293.83 substance induced mood classified disorder. This is collaborated by the fact that her moods shifted from elation to utter lethargy and despondency in a moment.
Whites who harbour this type of prejudice are also less probable to gain from psychotherapy. Blacks on the other hand are subject to low self-esteem and lowered life satisfaction, feelings of trauma. The growing impact of psychological strain and stress of racism may also have negative somatic vigour impacts n Black Americans.
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The research will provide a hypothetical family situation where both consultancy and social justice advocacy interplay and connect into obtaining the appropriate help needed. This paper has looked into consultation and social justice advocacy. By stating the differences and similarities, this paper provides a clear distinction between these two concepts, in relation to counseling.
The Outsiders revolves around the story of teenagers and how a 14-year-old boy sees life from his end. It’s narrated by Pony Curtis, who jots down the events of his life for others to observe life through his lens. Pony lived with his two brothers, Sodapop and Darry due to the fact that their parents were killed in a car accident.
This concept arose because of the analysis of human psychology and behaviorism, where it came in to fill in the gaps left by psychoanalysis and behaviorism aspects of psychology. These aspects were perceived to concentrate more on negative emotions while studying human behaviors and also human attitudes.
The concept of consciousness psychology was attributed to a subjective nature, which did not auger well with the progress of the field of psychology (Watson, 1913). In addition, the concept required some introspective methods, which were highly unreliable.
The ecological system theory incorporates both the physical and social environments. The theory depicts the two types of environment as important in the development of an individual. The physical environment plays a critical role in advancing the arguments of this theory. The interactions of layers have positive or negative impacts on personal development.
Vansteenkiste, Lens, Witte, and Feather (2005) in their journal wrote that expectancy value theory is a cognitive-motivational theory that relates to an individual’s level or strength of motivation. This is because a person strives to attain a certain goal with the expectations to attain the desired goal and the incentive value or valence of that goal (e.g.
The fables, maxims, idioms, and phrases look very simple and relate to some specific community of animals, birds, or insects only, which have no special concern with humans. However, all these fables and tales have come into existence and have been being transferred from one generation to the other for centuries.
Psychology has been a gold mine never seeming to dry up always unraveling new areas of human nature. From the importance of motivation for individuals to accomplish any task, to the value of learning. The application of psychological concepts in every aspect of life shows the value of psychology to the larger society.
The family does not stay together as Sarah stays alone while Rachel stays with her daughter with her foster parents. She knows Sarah as her real mother and the three meet occasionally for mere regards and on special occasions. None bothers to make effort in this relationship as they seem to understand each other and the extent to which they can relate.
Mental disorders such as Alzheimer's disease are devastating illnesses that turn a full-functioning adult into, by the end stages of the disease, an infant in cognitive as well as bodily function (Gwyther, 1992). The longitudinal study performed among 678 nuns on their physical and cognitive functioning provided essential findings for delaying or preventing the onset of dementia.
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Bullying is an activity used in schools for getting some psychological pleasure at the expense of others. According to recent statistics, 1 in 2 students experiences occasional bullying during any school term. Moreover, 1 in 4 students in primary school are bullied more than once or twice at least in any term.
ECT has some form of comparative effectiveness, especially in the short run as demonstrated by most studies. However, the sustenance of this positive effect is only possible when in combination with pharmacologic approaches. There are no demonstrable findings from long-term research that can prove effectiveness.
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This paper will provide a guide for parents that will help them in raising their only child. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part will describe the literature review of personality differences of children with siblings and a single child.
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This is an additional sensation to our five sensory abilities. It is considered paranormal because it does not occur in normal people and it is not visible to the naked eye .Scientist address this as sixth sense and person possessing this sense is called psychic.
These may be psychological, physical (including throwing objects), sexual, emotional (includes verbal threats, controlling behavior) or financial” (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2012). According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, one in every four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime (n.d.).
Any reader would say that this article comes out as a critical and historical analysis about religion of the highest order. Whether an individual is religious, secular, neither, or a bit of both, this article is quite insightful and informative because it helps in the understanding of religion from a cognitive perspective.
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There are two types of memory, the short term and the long term types, but the short term memory type has been pointed out to be the area that the two sexes have got a vast difference. While some have argued that differences in humans in terms of memory are due to anatomical differences between men and women, some have argued that it is purely psychological.
The author is the “Director of The Village Institute for Psycho Therapy in Manhattan and Fayetteville, Arkansas, and the co-author of the book Unhooked” (Woolverton, 2011). The article is one from a series of articles on the topic of “Trauma” appearing on this website and written by the same author.
Multiple cognitions can be held simultaneously, and this forms dissonant, consonant or irrelevant relationships. For instance, when smokers engage in smoking, they already know that smoking is harmful to their health because it is a highway for them to develop cancer, but they still go ahead.
One of the widely recognized tests in this is where the practitioner invites another person and asks the one under review to get seated next to each other with the one not being reviewed behind the candidate. A deck of inked cards gets presented to the subject and then withdrawn and given to the tester.
House’s father was on active duty throughout most of his adolescence and childhood stages, and he, therefore, lived in various countries that his father was stationed including Egypt, Japan, the Philippines, and Japan. As a result, he became fluent in Chinese, Mandarin, Portuguese, Spanish, and Hindi with knowledge of a few others.
Just like everything else in life, there are male and female versions of Neo-Freudian psychology theories. This stands true even for the sexual development theories that were presented by Sigmund Freud and Carl Gustav Jung when they explained the theories of the Oedipus and Electra Complex to the public.
The reason why this research is noteworthy is when one has a trait such as neuroticism and starts drinking at a young age. It increases the chances of developing anxiety and depression disorders. Persons found to possess agreeableness and openness traits can be further analyzed since they are also at risk of starting drinking when underage.
Robert Feldman has categorized emotions as, “feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements and that influence behavior”. Thus, by this definition, it becomes clear that the concept of emotion has both physiological and cognitive explanations which are further justified by virtue of various theoretical frameworks.
In this course, there are areas I believe I can make a lot from further developments. This includes the creation of a professional development website by the association. The site brings together all the needed materials required to carry out online research and access to the current professional opportunities.
They advocate change in institutional, societal, individual and group levels. The codes remove barriers hindering services offered. This paper analyzes the ethical violations in multicultural counseling, group counseling and family and marital therapy. C.1.
These behaviors are usually harmful and disruptive to others and signify core disturbances in moods and emotions directed against oneself (Maddux & Winstead 2008). They consist of problems which are related to fear, worry, low self esteem, shyness, sadness and depression.
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Amongst the main objectives in this study was to identify how amount of sleep affects the GPA of different students across varied levels (per class). In order to obtain effective data to enhance discussions and making conclusions, the study interviewed juniors, seniors, freshmen, and sophomores. From the findings it was obvious that amount of sleep affects the GPA of students across different classes.
His daughter, Anna Freud extended his principles to propose five further defense mechanisms. Since then, researchers have added further to the list. Freud proposed that the personality had three essential components: the id, ego and superego. The ‘id’ is the component that generates all desires and impulses, the ‘superego’ tries to maintain moral, social and idealistic values of the individual’s actions, and the ego has to balance the conflicting demands of the id and superego to deal with reality.
Drama therapists broaden their applications further than the clinical setting to enhance the lives of at-risk persons, improve the health of people and prevent problems. Drama therapy encompasses psychology and drama; psychology is the study of emotions, thoughts, and behavior, while drama evaluates the emotions, thoughts, and behavior of people for an audience to observe and understand.
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The number of gay men has increased in the United States. Several states have policies that recognize same-sex marriage. These comprise Connecticut, Iowa, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, and the District of Columbia. On February 16, 2012, New Jersey joined the list of states that permit gay marriage.
Pharmacotherapy is also available for these patients but Aaron T, Beck says “I think that in the 21st century, psychotherapy will flourish. I don’t think that pharmacotherapy is going to take over the field completely. CBTs have been used for several problems and disorders like all forms of depressions, bipolar disorder, bulimia nervosa, etc.
12 Steps Comparison AA and Al-Anon Name Instructor Introduction Alcoholism is a persistent mayhem, since persons who consume alcohol can not control their consumption habits when offered with a drink. The individuals affected by the ailment are alcoholics.
This is the most common form or type of schizophrenia. This is a chronic disorder that often requires treatment for life. It is a disorder of the brain that interferes with an individual’s ability to act, and think. The disorder interferes with the way an individual expresses their emotions and their perception of reality is distorted.
Disorders arise in the form of mental disturbances through anxiety, neurosis, depression, and neurotic traits featuring among them. Liberation, from effects of the conflictual differences, is achievable through skilled guidance of the unconscious material into the conscious. As created and vigorously researched, by Sigmund Freud.
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According to the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR), major depressive disorder is a syndrome with five symptoms or more among the following; depressed mood, agitation, sleep disturbance, anhedonia, loss of appetite, suicidal thoughts, fatigue, feeling worthless occurring in a two week period (APA, 2009).
The author states that the advantage of using the archival method, in this case, is the ready availability of data through a database which cannot be manipulated by the researcher since the emails would already have been drafted. Another advantage is that vast amounts of data can be analyzed for this study, giving more reliability to the results.
Methamphetamine’s short term effects include increased activity, decrease in appetite, increase attention and decreased fatigue, rush and euphoria, increase in respiration rate and hypothermia. The drug is so powerful that these effects can be noticed even when used in small doses. There are various ways of using the drug.
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When it comes to the decriminalization of marijuana, its advocates actually contend and agree that an immediate consequence of this action would be the introduction of drugs that are not as expensive and those that are sold under government regulations and control and in accordance of the standardized control.
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“Maternal exposure to alcohol during pregnancy can lead to a wide range of clinical manifestations in their offspring, termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorder”(Tenenbaum et al. 2011, p.725). FAS is growing day by day in America because of the changing lifestyles of people, especially pregnant females.
The term stress defies any set definition as it is a very generic term. It is very subjective in nature. Originally it had been described by Hans Selye as the non-specific response of the body to change. The term came to be associated with unpleasantness and so a new word, namely, stressor was introduced to distinguish stimulus from a response.
The most important reason as to why personality tests are administered is to determine reliability and validity (Payne, 1989). Reliability in this case is used to refer to the consistency of the elements being assessed, while validity refers to the suitability of the tests to measure the traits that they were meant to measure.
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Adolescence on the other end is that period between puberty and adulthood. Over time, there has been no defined single event or rather boundary line that denotes the beginning of adolescence. It’s rather thought that this passage to adulthood is composed of changes that occur gradually.
The bond of attachment formed in psychological development has some unique characteristics. The ability to form these individual connections begins in early childhood. These characteristics include an enduring form of connection with an exceptional individual, which involves soothing, pleasure, and comfort.
John takes on the dark side as he tortures his victims with the majority of them ending up dead. His famous line ‘I’d like to play a game’ symbolizes the beginning of the torture, though there is always a ray of hope in that if you are able to complete the task before the expiry of a stipulation, then you are free to go, which rarely happens.
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The term culture-bound syndrome was initially coined by a psychiatrist - Pow Ming Yap, in the 1960s, based on his observation and studies by other researchers, which described the behavioral syndromes o diseases suffered by locals, which were generally unknown outside their localities. Some researchers have often referred to this syndrome as an 'atypical psychogenic psychosis'.
One asserts that homosexuality is legitimate; the other one asserts that homosexuality they are not legitimate. Despite the complexity of the overall issue and the various attempts at reassessment, there remains a basic controversy over opinion over this central issue, which would seem incapable of resolution. Homosexual relations are often tolerated.
Violence is a present characteristic of every human society. Examples of violent crimes include rape, war, homicide and physical injuries. In the 20th century, roughly 87,500,000 people have lost their lives as a result of violent wars (Liddle 24). Drug abuse and mental disorders contribute to violent behavior.