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Philosophy Essays

Result for Subject Philosophy:
5866 essays
Ethics, Metaphysics, Pragmatism, and Their Individual Value Philosophy Literature review
9 pages (2258 words) , Download 0 , Literature review
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Ethics is concerned with the study of theories regarding moral values, as well as the concepts used for their identification and assertion. It consists of superlatively significant critical reflection on the values by which humans live, as well as on which humans base their judgment about how they should live and relate with others.
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Self-Identity is Not a Set of Traits or Obvious Characteristics Philosophy Case Study
6 pages (1623 words) , Download 1 , Case Study
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An identity that is stable is based on a person’s life, actions and influences, which make sense to them. It can explain the past and can chart out the future. We can term it lifestyle after a true Gidden style. By lifestyle one understands the luxury choices of the affluent class, but Giddens interprets it according to his theory.
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Aristotles Political Theory Philosophy Assignment
6 pages (2687 words) , Download 1 , Assignment
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The author states that in his school Aristotle taught his pupils to place the greatest emphasis on what they observed around them. For him, the basis of science was that theory must follow fact. He believed philosophy to be the understanding of the obvious and unchanging first principles upon which all knowledge was based.
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Moral Development by Kohlberg Philosophy Book Report/Review
6 pages (1495 words) , Download 2 , Book Report/Review
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The author states that during the second stage of moral development Kohlberg states that people become morally fit by learning to make deals. When one is in this stage of moral development one learns to make deals, such as when one breaks the rules, one makes a deal with the rule keeper. 
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What Are the Challenges for Universal Conception of Human Rights Philosophy Literature review
7 pages (1750 words) , Download 0 , Literature review
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The universality of human rights is based on liberal political ideology. As opposed to the cultural nonconformists, who believe that a community is the basic unit of society, universalists assert that an individual is the basic unit of any social set up with inseparable civil and political rights as well as the right to property ownership.
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Social Contract by Hobbes Philosophy Essay
12 pages (3000 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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The social contract clearly states that the citizens are required to surrender some of their liberty in exchange for protection and order in the country. However, as much as one may support Hobbes's argument one may feel that the authority should have absolute power but should follow a set of laws that will be able to keep the government under check.  
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Security as a Purchase, the Price of Absolutism in Hobbes's Social Contract Philosophy Literature review
13 pages (3250 words) , Download 0 , Literature review
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Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) presented his philosophy on the social contract theory. In his theory, Hobbes proposed that rational individuals create a rational government that is based on class. Hobbes stated that have self-interest by nature and it is, therefore, rational for them to have moral behaviors so as to get the best of this self-interest.
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Treatment of Rhetoric in the Political Thought of Plato and Aristotle Philosophy Essay
6 pages (1500 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Aristotle’s book on rhetoric was one of his longest literary works while Plato’s books were dialogues in form of literary works that were used to portray the impact of human speech when the purposes of a speaker are clear without selfishness. This rhetoric was observed from a speech in political meetings, individual talks as well as courts of law (Herrick, 2005).
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Kant's Categorical Imperative and the Golden Mean Philosophy Article
7 pages (1873 words) , Download 1 , Article
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A person's motive might be unreliable for a quite different reason, however. For suppose a person's rationale for acting makes no reference to the fact that her action is dutiful. No matter how strong, invariable and available such a motive is, it will still not be perfectly probable that if it motivates a person, she will perform a dutiful action. 
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Kant, Mill and Socrates on Deontology and Utilitarian Scenario Philosophy Article
11 pages (2750 words) , Download 1 , Article
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The ideals of Kant with the deontological viewpoint would be opposed to the utilitarianist approach.  In this instance, there is a focus on actions promoting the greatest good for the greatest number.  In the scenario, the approach would be to attack al Qaeda and to use whatever means necessary to stop them from functioning.
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The Communist Manifesto: Background, Key Ideas, Historical Impact and Critique Philosophy Literature review
7 pages (1750 words) , Download 1 , Literature review
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Some of the key thinkers that were influenced by Marx include Lenin, Trotsky, Gramsci, Stalin, Mao, Lukacs, Korsch, the Frankfurt School, the Existentialist Marxists, the Della Volpe School, Structural Marxists, British Marxist, Weydemeyer and Sore, and the British and American New Left (McLellan 1979). 
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The Happiness in Stoicism and Epicureanism Philosophy Coursework
8 pages (2152 words) , Download 1 , Coursework
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Instead of advocating for political involvement with the state, Epicurus advocated isolation. This meant living without glory or wealth or power, but with anonymity and small pleasures like friends and food. Given the choice between Stoicism and Epicureanism, many Roman politicians opted for the more minimalist ethical system.
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Martin Luther King Jr's Letter From Letter from Birmingham Jail Philosophy Essay
9 pages (2250 words) , Download 1 , Essay
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Important decisions such as who should be found innocent and who should be put to death for their crimes were frequently solved through emotional ploys and business deals rather than logical facts, truth, and justice. It was these values that Socrates was upholding in refusing his friends’ offers to help him escape. 
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John Rawl's Original Citizen Position and the Principles of Justice Philosophy Literature review
10 pages (2500 words) , Download 0 , Literature review
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John Rawls's arguments post the ability of original citizens to focus on their future behind the comfort of their sets and the veil of ignorance of what the future unfolds like for them. John however in his arguments retaliates that the society members involved in the forecasting and working on their future do not necessarily know what the future position they would hold. (Audard, 2007, pg. 193)
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John Rawls Principles of Justice Philosophy Essay
11 pages (2750 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Thus, the essay has proven that John Rawls’ principles of justice are not only useful but also superior over others such as utilitarian accounts concerning these specific party constraints. The principles vouch for equality in society without obscuring the rights of any member of the society. The application of these principles will draw a society closer to the achievement of such an endeavor.
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African American Philosophy Philosophy Essay
6 pages (1652 words) , Download 1 , Essay
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Accordingly, while for example, the African American philosophers of race endeavored to highlight the white aspect of American philosophy dwelling on the controversial ideas and treatises of black scholars such as Du Bois, Franz Fanon and James Baldwin, Feminist philosophers, on the other hand, were absorbed in discussing gender inequalities and underlined the “maleness of philosophy.”
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Philosophy of Sren Kierkegaard Philosophy Essay
7 pages (1824 words) , Download 1 , Essay
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Walking through one’s life blindly only in the pursuit of meager pleasures or even over-analyzing one’s every experience without fully embracing the moment, both can be detrimental to the value of one’s existence.  Kierkegaard, like many of the philosophers before him, has set up a model that all individuals can live by, and each stage feeds off the one prior. 
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Issues of Moral Philosophy Philosophy Assignment
8 pages (2258 words) , Download 2 , Assignment
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By diminishing man’s natural freedom and voluntarily entering into a civil obligation via the creation of a civitas, man has given his right to govern himself over to the sovereign Actor and is authorized “to exercise it on their behalf” (Oakeshott, 1981; 287). Thus, the civitas is to declare, interpret, and administer rules of conduct which the covenanters pledge to follow.
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Rousseaus and Nietzsches Main Philosophy Philosophy Coursework
7 pages (1750 words) , Download 1 , Coursework
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Nietzsche criticized the philosophers for coming up with hollow theories that were not backed by observation but by mere assumptions. He hoped that the philosophers of the future will be characterized by an experimental method; they would have a hypothesis and will follow the conclusion with sound arguments and justifications.
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Plato as One of Historys Greatest Contributors Philosophy Case Study
12 pages (3308 words) , Download 1 , Case Study
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With such a general definition, one might begin to understand the complexities involved in studying philosophy as it seems to encompass just about all knowledge pursuits.  Perhaps part of the confusion in trying to define the term can be found in the early days of the science when it applied almost universally to all avenues of knowledge in ancient Greece.
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The Concept of Karma in Pure Land and Zen Buddhism Philosophy Assignment
6 pages (1634 words) , Download 1 , Assignment
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The author states that Buddhism can be considered as one of the earliest and most established religions in human civilization. In the study conducted the main objective is to present a particular perspective on the Pure Land (Shin) and the Chan (Zen) schools of Buddhism. One of the main teachings of Buddhism is the concept of karma.
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Eternalism Presentism and Growing Block Theory Philosophy Essay
8 pages (2337 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Presentism holds the assumption that objects and elements that exist are those that are in the present. Eternalism provides the understanding that the past, present, and future illusionary elements of time are used in demarcating time frames. This means that objects and events exist eternally. 
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Consequentialism and the Demands of Morality Philosophy Essay
7 pages (1928 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Railton did try to defend the objections of act consequentialism as a cold, unfeeling, and demanding theory. However, our discussion seems to find the response of Railton sufficient to warrant its success. It becomes difficult for a person to use the act consequentialist theories that allow deviation of methods from the intended goals.
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Philosophy of Happiness Philosophy Essay
9 pages (2389 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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There exist a  big difference between happiness and meaning and happiness without meaning does not lead to a good life. In addition, happiness is not the sole measure for a good life since it is viewed as a temporary state which transcends the self by feeding a person’s needs that satisfies their own selfish gains which in turn rule it out as an important aspect of a prudentially good life.
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How Did the Criteria for Statehood Change in the 20th Century Philosophy Case Study
8 pages (2294 words) , Download 1 , Case Study
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Supremacy and independence were recognized as essential aspects of a state by the turn of the century as Davis indicates. Political power was also identified as central along with the law. This article begins by reviewing how various writers defined state in both the modern and pre-modern eras. With the report in mind, then I turn to how the criteria for statehood changed in the 20th century.
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Freuds Theory of the Dream Work Issues Philosophy Assignment
8 pages (2184 words) , Download 0 , Assignment
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Are dreams just dreams and meaningless? In his work, Freud examines the ideology of dreams, their inception, and interpretation. Dreams are vital for the stability of the unconscious mind because they are the key representation of the operations by the unconscious mind. Freud's argument emanates from his own dream that he found to have had a meaning of what was in his unconscious mind.
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Happiness as an Activity of Soul Philosophy Essay
8 pages (2185 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Happiness is generally aimed at making very deliberate moves towards an imaginary final end where one develops physically, emotionally, and intellectually by utilizing distinctly human capacities. A study of the philosopher’s works reveals that the human function is a consequence of rational soul activity compliant with virtues. 
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Plato and Inspiration to Superior Love Philosophy Assignment
16 pages (4273 words) , Download 1 , Assignment
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The difference between common love and heavenly love is clearly brought out in the paper. Heavenly love is the joining of two people who are in love and join in both body and soul. I have also talked about how love, according to Plato, drives people into doing good things and not ugly ones. It brings people closer to God since God is beautiful and love is beautiful.
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Why Is There Something and not Nothing Philosophy Assignment
7 pages (1947 words) , Download 0 , Assignment
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It has been proven that the irreducibly complex theory does not hold since facts have shown that there is not one instance that a given system is not functional. For instance, in the eubacterial flagellum, it has been noted that there is not one instance that it has not been functional since its components have various functions apart from motility
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Why Does Socrates Think We Have an Obligation to Obey the Laws of Society Philosophy Essay
7 pages (2087 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Socrates was a mysterious figure identified through the works of later traditional writers and plays of his modern Aristophanes. His most notable philosophy, gathered from the writings of Plato, was the obligation to do what an individual thought was right even when facing widespread opposition, and the requirement to seek knowledge even when under resistance.
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What Is Enlightenment by 18th Century Thinkers Philosophy Essay
7 pages (1839 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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The essay will attempt to define the term enlightenment, its origin, and its use in the 18th century in accordance with renowned thinkers such as Immanuel Kant, Rene Descartes, Voltaire, and John Locke. Secondly, a discussion on how the question was answered by these thinkers will be presented broadly.
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Moral Judgment or Emotions versus Reason Philosophy Essay
6 pages (1859 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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It is apparent that both of the antagonistic schools of thought stated in the preceding section often propose divergent opinions on which is the most ideal process in making a moral judgment. Against this background, it is prudent to define the concept of morality before embarking on the analysis of the utility of either reason or emotions.
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John Rawls vs Robert Nozick: Social Justice Philosophy Coursework
6 pages (1500 words) , Download 3 , Coursework
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Nozick is a harsh critique of Rawl’s “difference principle”, as according to him, this cannot ensure, that least advantaged persons in society can automatically share the earnings of their more successful fellow citizens, just merely due to social cooperation. However, going through both the works, certain questions arise. 
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The Use of Rhetoric in the Electronic Age Philosophy Article
14 pages (3500 words) , Download 1 , Article
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In line with Lucaites and Condit’s (1999) assertion that contemporary usage of rhetoric should be considered in light of the past and present; it is arguable that classical rhetoric theory itself was rooted in context and that therefore linguistic usage is inherently derived from experiences and understanding of audience (p.3).
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Humanistic Buddhism: A Way of Nirvana for Modern Man Philosophy Assignment
8 pages (2239 words) , Download 1 , Assignment
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The author states that Buddhism is a religion based on the teachings of Gautam Buddha, who lived between 563 B.C. and 483 B.C. Buddha was a prince of Kapilavastu. He was very disturbed to see the suffering of human beings and decided to attain the truth of life which will help a human being to remove all the misery and suffering from life.
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Contrast of Two Explanations of Social Disorder in Contemporary UK Society Philosophy Article
6 pages (1500 words) , Download 1 , Article
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The media houses believe that this is a consequence of the new set of attitudes and behavior adopted by some women characters in television programs. It should be remembered that “these images explicitly portray female aggression as an instrumental act in contrast to the traditionally expressive stereotype of female aggression”. 
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Comparing the Brave New World and Todays World Philosophy Term Paper
8 pages (2266 words) , Download 1 , Term Paper
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Even the great Karl Marx was confused and there are many loopholes and errors in his theories. In particular, he did not understand fully what capitalism is about because it was something entirely new for everybody at that time. It was the first time such a political and economic system came into practice after feudalism. 
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The Theories of Kant and Plato Philosophy Assignment
6 pages (1500 words) , Download 1 , Assignment
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Immanuel Kant is one of the successful philosophers who attempted to reconstruct the fundamentals of philosophy and succeeded to a considerable extent. His remarkable criticisms on the theories of metaphysics were encapsulated and summarized in Prolegomena; it sets forth a specific problem that is resolved with an extensive feasible argument.
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Aristotles Happiness or Eudaimonia Philosophy Assignment
8 pages (2322 words) , Download 0 , Assignment
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Man is rational and therefore the happiness he has relies on reason. Happiness is dependent on the acquisition of moral character where a person exhibits the virtues of justice, courage, friendship, generosity, and citizenship in the person’s life. Happiness is found in an active but not a passive lifestyle.  
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Marx and Disequilibrium in Market Socialist Relations of Production Philosophy Essay
7 pages (1865 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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It is argued that the value of a commodity should be equalized to the amount of labor put in the course of production. For this case, labor should be distinctively manual labor and whether direct or indirect, Marx postulates that it should be reflected within the value of the commodity (Wilicki, 1968). 
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Freuds Theory of Dreams and Psychoanalysis Philosophy Assignment
7 pages (1953 words) , Download 0 , Assignment
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Freud’s theory of dreams is famous and revered for putting forth a foundation for psychoanalysis that even psychiatrists use to deal with their patients. The theory supported the notion that normal and neuroticism cannot be sharply contrasted, and, building a foundation for psychoanalysis as a general theory of the mind that applied to everyone.
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Why Is Freud not Content with Marxism or Communism Philosophy Essay
8 pages (2097 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Freud developed a theory called psychoanalysis theory which seeks to explain the human motives of doing things. Freud believes that all of the human behavior is driven by two major instincts are life instincts and death instincts and that all these instincts come from the mind it is the mind that determines what an individual does and how they behave at all times.
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What Is the Nature of Laws Affinity with Goodness Philosophy Assignment
9 pages (2631 words) , Download 0 , Assignment
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The concept of what is considered good and what is not has been a debatable aspect in law-making over time. There have several bases that theorists have come with that tend to favor the assumption that the desires of the people and the benefits derived from satisfying these desires are what elaborates the acceptable moral extents. 
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The Philosophical Critique of Freud Philosophy Assignment
7 pages (2076 words) , Download 0 , Assignment
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According to the dream theory developed, Freud argued that dreams allow people to discharge unacceptable and unconscious wishes and urges. The dream is a disguised fulfillment of the repressed desire. It is disguised since the repressed desires could be either sexual or aggressive to urge the dreamer to wake up.
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Freuds Theory of the Dream Work Philosophy Assignment
8 pages (2331 words) , Download 0 , Assignment
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Sigmund Freud is considered by many as the founder of psychoanalysis. This is a result of his revolutionary works undertaking studies of dreams in his work. He came up with the theory of dreams and the interpretation of dreams. According to Freud, nothing is by chance, but rather each event is propelled by the subconscious part of the mind.
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Justice Is about Desert, Not about Equality Philosophy Literature review
6 pages (1684 words) , Download 0 , Literature review
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Justice is illustrious by the entity to which it applies instead of a specific kind of moral concern. In some cases, it has been understood as legitimacy, impermissibility, or unfair disturbance by others. The author of the paper states that justice is also concerned with the permissibility of the assessed actions by justice.
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What Is Donald Davidson's Anomalous Monism Philosophy Essay
9 pages (2314 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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As per Davidson constitutive normative aspect constrains the psychological behavior, which is not influenced due to any physical sciences. According to the findings of the paper, it can be said that the theory of anomalous monism is coined by Davidson and is seen as a nonreductive view about the relationship between the physical and the mental.
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Should Animals Have Rights Like Humans Do Philosophy Essay
8 pages (2457 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Rights do not apply to animals the way they apply to human beings.  As far as human beings are concerned, rights apply to them because of their moral nature. Animal however does not possess moral agency and therefore are not accorded the same rights as human beings are.  Animals have consciousness; they have desires and beliefs through which they act.
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Time Travel and Self-Consistency - Implications for Determinism and the Human Condition by King Philosophy Book Report/Review
8 pages (2259 words) , Download 0 , Book Report/Review
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King seeks to show that the possibility of travel into the past has some rather unexpected implications for the human condition – particularly with regard to the determinism/free-will debate. He starts by looking at Carlini et al’s starting point where they posed the question of whether the principle of self-consistency is really fundamental, or whether it can be derived from some other law.
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Singer's Distinction between Self-Consciousness and Sentience Philosophy Essay
6 pages (1674 words) , Download 0 , Essay
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Over the years, a number of activist groups have been on the forefront campaigning for the rights of non-human animals. Some believe that animals should be regarded as equal to human beings(Regan & Singer 1989). For example, Peter Singer observes that over time, there have been dramatic changes with regards to people’s attitudes on morality.
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