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Its per capita CO2 emissions are the highest in the world and are three times that of the US (Pearce). Although its emissions have multiplied four fold since 1990, the country is not penalized for it, as it is classified as a developing country, thereby escaping the need
4. If a particular protein was absent, it would lead to errors in protein synthesis. Errors in protein synthesis disrupt cellular fitness, cause disease phenotypes, leads to loss of function of the protein (non-functional proteins) and protein misfolding.
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This is because building a highly-specific immune response against a certain antigen takes several days to become fully functional. For example, a specific clone of B cells
Peroxidase is an oxidoreductase enzyme that reduces H2O2 into water and releasing oxygen for the oxidation of the organic compounds. The reaction rates of the enzyme at different temperatures were
Atkins diet targets low carbohydrate nutritional intake in the diet of an individual, in which the carbohydrate intake is kept at less than 20 grams of carbohydrate per day. Such a diet means that the other macronutrient components of a diet in terms of proteins and fats are at higher levels to compensate for the low levels of carbohydrates.
Species have been defined biologically as organisms that can freely interbreed giving rise to a viable offspring. However, as more studies are being carried out, more information about species is being discovered which has led to the development of new concepts about species and their evolution can be conceptualized under the available evidence.
This article dated May 1, 2003, is titled “ Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Prevention: Strategies for Clinicians” written by Tanya Schreibman and Gerald Friedland. The article is written keeping in view the complexities of HIV that have prevented the discovery of a cure against AIDS. In absence of a cure, all that can be done is prevention from the virus.
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The organism belongs to Kingdom of Bacteria (Procaryotae), phylum Firmicutes, and class bacilli. Streptococcus pneumoniae is classified under the Order of Lactobacillales, family Streptoccaceae and Genus Streptococcus. The species name is Streptococcus pneumoniae. Luis Paster discovered the organism in 1800’s.
Project’s researchers also wanted to establish the relationship between energy conservation and the social class of the respondent. Before embarking on the research project, the researchers had the questions of response towards financial incentive by different
Somatostatin is derived from a native inhibitory hormone, this class of agents represents a physiological approach to the treatment of GH excess. The first generation had a half-life that lasted two hours longer than the native and required subcutaneous administration at least three times a day.
Carbon dioxide produced by human activities is insufficient compared to the amount of carbon dioxide produced by natural activities and living things. Global warming is, therefore, a political ideology to push the idea of environmental conservation. Facts are an important part of any argument and people should be told the truth about global warming based on facts.
The color of the snake's belly differs from the rest of the body and is marbled dark grey or black with a white stripe on the head. Eastern Massasauga is a rattlesnake, tail tipped by grey-yellow horny rattles and with several dark brown rings. An adult Massasauga is 18 to 30 inches in length (US Fish and wildlife service web).
Holistic Therapy or treatment for lung cancer is also known as Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM), which is a general term referring to several healing systems, philosophies, and
Amniocentesis is a procedure that involves the extraction of a small quantity of amniotic fluid from the mother’s uterus for diagnostic purposes. This amniotic fluid can be used to detect many genetic and metabolic disorders in the baby because the fluid carries cells of the baby as it circulates in and out of the baby’s body.
Myocardial infarction is basically called heart attack. It results due to discontinuation of blood flow in the heart or rather when sufficient blood supply does not reach the heart. This condition kills the
The disadvantages of using fossil fuels for electricity and fuel are high emission of Carbon Dioxide which pollutes our air and aggravates climate change. The high emission of CO2 in the atmosphere has been said to be biggest
Microscopy is probably the most important of all the methods used in biology. The vast majority of living organisms are too small to be seen with the human eye, and cells (the building blocks of living organisms) can only be seen with the
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Although the infections caused by the parasites are rare, they may be fatal. The clinical features are non specific and thus may be misdiagnosed in some cases. The disease has an acute or sub-acute course of the disease. This paper will focus on
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I have a strong interest in the scientific community and am a regular reader of online journals such as Nature, The Scientist and the Harvard Medical Journal. I enjoy travelling, and have spent time in Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
This technique examines stained tissues. Staining enhances the visibility of the specimen by increasing contrast among the various tissues, cells and organelles under study. This procedure starts with collection
Moss prevents the formation of biofilms by inhibiting bacteria from developing while sanitizers perform well on eradication (swimming bacteria) planktonic. Hence the combination of both would stabilize the water pH and remove heavy materials from the water making it stable, clean, clear, and safe for use (Wooldridge 119).
Having known the number of households that are in demand of the electric power, this paper can be useful for the federal government to plan for power consumption. With regard to that, the table below constitutes all the household appliances that
al studies as expression of an intended effort for adapting or adjusting to the various internal and external environmental conditions, also described as an organism’s response to a stimulus. In the same context it is also described as inclusion of everything that animals do
According to hematologist Katherine High, M.D at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, the research established that genome editing could correct a genetic defect in vivo
Lakes and ponds are valuable water resources usefully for transportation, fishing, agriculture, recreation and habit for a myriad of organisms. These water bodies also provide water for domestic and industrial use. However, the quality of water bodies is affected by various factors and the status of water bodies is used in their classification.
It was imperative to note that Oldham pond, a beautiful pond, was in the depths of destruction, only a few years ago. Eutrophication is a phenomenon that, if left unchecked, can destroy bio-diversity. The authorities in Pembroke were forced to act fast to avoid the destruction of biodiversity.
The plant, as well as animal life in Madagascar, is facing destruction that has been occurring at a much-accelerated rate proving to be fatal if not dealt with. The species of Lemurs have been in existence on this island for a long time. It is believed that their origin is in Madagascar although some of their species can be found in Comoros.
DNA barcoding is a standardized method of identifying organisms by using small segments of their DNA. It is a DNA-based identification method that provides a more advanced species identification as compared to the traditional species identification which is morphological and may be tedious in cases where the organism of interest does not present unique morphological characteristics.
The first stage is to obtain a specimen which may be from from tissue or culture collections. In the second stage, laboratory analysis which involves extraction of genetic material to obtain DNA batcode sequence is done. These sequences are later
Blood is composed of plasma and three types of cells: Red cells, white cells and platelets. Plasma is the fluid part and serves as the transport medium. The cells are formed in the bone marrow from the pluripotent stem cells. These cells are unique as they have the ability to differentiate into any of the hematopoietic cell lineages. They either divide into lymphoid stem cells or myeloid stem cells.
Banting had an inspiration on the subject in 1920 while reading a paper. He felt that the islets of Langerhans hormone was being destroyed by the pancreas digestive juice before it could be isolated. He even realized that
I grew up on a farm where I was free to learn about nature and wildlife as Mother Nature intended. Free to roam the grassy farmland and hold the minutest creatures in the palm of my hand. Each day that I spent outdoors was a learning experience for me. The lessons that I learned about wildlife were never taught to me in school science classes.
It can be divided into MEIOSIS I and MEIOSIS II. Following are the list of phases through which a cell undergoes during the process of meiosis.
Before the
In the case of lupus the results of this attack are widespread and involve such things as joint damage, inflammation of tendons and the whole connective tissue system as well as organs . This damage occurs because the body produces
In the liver, when glucose levels are high (postprandial), F-6-P is converted to F-2,6-bisP by 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (PFK-2) by an irreversible step. High levels of F-2,6-bisP in turn activate PFK-1 by a process called feed forward
A structural quality that differentiates calmodulin from other proteins is the trimethylation of its 115th amino acid (Ganong 2005). The atomic mass of calmodulin is 17 kDa and another striking quality of this protein is its abundance in living organisms and its presence in most of the cells of living organisms.
However, the protection does not last a life-time. Whilst vaccines accelerate the release of antibodies to fight the pathogens, their effect in the body is short lived, as with time, the pathogens
s islands off the cost of Southwestern Africa are native to this species and often these islands are known as Penguin islands (New England Aquarium, 2012).
The penguin species are known to eat small fishes especially mackerel, sardines, anchovies and pilchard. Besides they
Phytoplankton are one-celled plants that live on the ocean surface and support the productivity and life of those living in and off the ocean through the process of photosynthesis. In the process of photosynthesis, phytoplankton use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and nutrients into complex organic compounds
n is the process that converts an mRNA message into a polypeptide while transcription is the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA. Question4. Transcription occurs in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell while translation occurs in the
This paper will explore the histology of the skin.
The skin is one of the largest organs in the body and varies in thickness. It is thickest on the soles of the feet and palm of the hand. It
There are two strains of Variola, less dangerous Variola Minor and the one with a very high mortality rate that is Variola Major (Todar, 2009). Variola virus has been known to exist in the human
Since it was not necessary that all the houses in the neighborhood possessed generators therefore if all the houses in the neighborhood had their lights turned off then it may be
This essay talks about a number of chapters in the book Pharmacology for Nursing Care by Lehne. Chapter 20 discusses the common situations that lead to the feeling of loss and separation in children. These include relocation, loss of possession, pet loss, and parental separation or divorce. This chapter then further discusses means of controlling this sense of loss.
The experiment indicated that bleaching occurs even with the absence of bacteria. The article illustrates that even though bacteria plays a significant role in the coral stasis
Which of the following type of microscopy would be most effective in visualizing the fine structure of viruses and cytoskeletal filaments 10–25 nanometers in diameter? Answer A.standard light microscopy B.phase-contrast light microscopy C.transmission electron microscopy D.differential-interference microscopy
During the G1 phase, the cell prepares itself for the DNA synthesis. The author of the paper is of the view that the S phase characterizes the DNA synthesis, the G2 phase is the post-DNA synthesis phase and the M phase is the final cellular activity in which the cell undergoes mitosis resulting in the production of two daughter cells.
Organisms and objects undergoing the process of aging are faced with numerous changes that lead to changes in the physical components for objects, as well as, organisms. However, there are other unobservable transformations such the psychological changes, which substantially changes with age. The bodies of humans undergo some biological transformations.
The genetic pattern through which sickle cell anemia is inherited is not only complex but is quite mysterious as well. In each individual, there are two copies of beta globin hemoglobin