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Desire is a word that is used to refer to a strong urge of attaining or possessing something. In human beings, desires rise, but other feelings of desire often replace some. These feelings are the ones that spark the urge to do a thing, and without them, there would not be any reason to do anything and life would be void.
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Considering Merleau-Ponty’s interpretation of perception mainly driving attention to the claim he raised that perception in itself involved a lived dynamic that was between the perceptual body and world. The hardness of the rock was known because of the exhibitive experience they gave of their very nature or qualities as they were.
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The first notion as mentioned earlier is credited to a professor who provoked another scholar to bring up the second notion with the intention of understanding how society and technology correlate. In summary, the differences between the two theories are evident in the subjects which they address.
Sexual desire as described in the paper has a visible impact on human behavior and can be used to interpret individuals’ actions. Cultural norms placed in societies act as an ethical standard to manage the actions of people in regards to their arousal due to the sight of an attractive person of the opposite gender.
Ideally, culture is one of the essential elements of any society. Indeed, no society can exist without culture. Moreover, culture is valued because it agitates the sense of belonging and a bond that binds a community. Confucianism is considered the widely known culture of the East Asian nations.
In this paper, I will examine the position of abortion using the thoughts of Emmanuel Kant on metaphysics and ethics. In addition, I intend to apply John Stuart Mill’s thoughts about utilitarianism. In the development of this work, it will try to examine the point of rationality and what is good for the general society concerning the termination of pregnancy.
Apparently, ethics does not rely on particular acts and established moral codes. However, ethics encompasses as many moral behaviors as possible hence making up an individual’s worldview about ethics. As per the discussion, the classical Greek philosophies encouraged the moderation of all practices in society.
He brings out the mechanisms of discourse and dreams. He claims that among the many forms, language is one of the representations in dreams (Lacan, 144). He, therefore, argues that the unconscious also has the structure of S/s, and neither language nor unconscious can work outside the S/s structure (Lacan, 143).
However, what one perceives is but one’s own ideas or sensations—ideas that exist only in one’s own mind. Berkeley further explains that ideas are not mere thoughts of the mind. Rather, they are the objects that the mind uses in thinking.
There is a first-order observation wherein the observer performs the distinguishing. There is a second-order observation wherein the observer looks at the first observer and sees the blind spot of the first observer, and knows why. He also sees that the first observer could have chosen other modes of distinguishing (the fact of contingency).
Theoretically love is viewed from two theories; the erotic theory and the romanticized theory. These theories are both felt by friends and individuals or a caring love that is devoid of any connotation or sexual desire. According to Plato, if this was the case then love was called tyrant love. When love is considered as the empire of shaping an individual’s life, then it bears the tyrant profile.
In Loaded Christos Tsiolkas (Australia) depicts the life of Ari a young man who is driven by lust and has sex with many people in one day for the sake of escaping from his frustrations. Experiences and transgression in love are quite irrevocable and the characters often behave as a life-force that drives them into transgressive actions.
Jamieson goes further in identifying the challenges of moral theories. He defines feminist sensibility as a problem that occurred among the philosophers in the late 1970s. The other challenge was the widespread skepticism related to the authority that occurred in the 1960s. The scholars who were affected by these problems differentiated and the majority emphasized motivation rather than obligations.
The concepts of authority and liberty according to Leviathan mainly focuses on ensuring that man responds positively to the authority above them and the best way of doing this is through ensuring that a covenant is made between them and the government. This is probably where the whole concept of government constitutions came from.
According to Locke, no principles or concepts are inherent in the human mind. He views innate ideas as those that a person is said to possess independent of prior interaction. He believes that for a human being to think or perceive something, they must interact with the object in mind before through what he terms as experience.
The majority of the beliefs that people harbor today are Christian values and have elevated medicine into what it is today. All the human population has some beliefs and views regarding the world around them. It is worth noting that all significant decisions hold deep beliefs and values that assist shape their viewpoints.
It is not that we have failed to learn anything of value in the past fifty years, for a great deal has been done. It is rather that we have devoted ourselves to ignoring the key thoughts of Nietzsche, Emerson, and Freud even as they have come to be construed as the iconic figures of our time, and we have done so by misconstruing the value of work.
The truth is wound to knowledge. Evidently, whether something is considered true or not depends on the knowledge of the people involved in the subject matter. For instance, a ruling in court given in court is made on the assumption that the evidence provided is reliable to inform the decision of the judge.
Since we are basically in the same place as we were when he wrote this it is this writer’s thinking that we need a change. Certainly, this writer has a logical argument as this writer thinks it makes sense to think for ourselves. Is that not the whole purpose of higher education to teach us critical thinking?
In conclusion, the techniques of Monte Carlo in the simulation of radiation have great importance in medical physics. The use of EGSnrc tools aid in measuring the NaI detector that emerges from the spectra of the radiotherapy. The increase in computing power has also enabled the utilization of Monte Carlo techniques.
All the changes we observe in the different existing things are the different forms of the single eternal being. Another issue, as illustrated earlier, is that the doctrine does not believe in change. He says that change is impossible but the existence of the existing things is eternal. His doctrine pulls towards theology in some sense.
In concept, a totally new character may emerge relating in a destructive way upon any single part of previous scientific practice. Nevertheless, besides the great plausibility of an ideal picture, there is an increase in doubt if it can possibly be a picture of science. Scientific revolutions are instigated by a mounting sense.
My personal opinion is that the assumption proposed by Singer was right because he reasonably states that under any circumstances, it is right to act morally and help people who are in trouble; yet, he does not mean sacrificing too much and harming own interests – it seems to be a just and reasonable approach to charity
This imperative does not rely on facts but rather on morals that largely depend on a particular reason. But according to Freud conscience comes from the unconscious mind. Here a person’s common sense and morals are a product of the superego. Superego embraces good character but condemns anything bad in terms of character and behavior.
It can be noted that it is also noted in Christianity that a body is God’s temple, and it is a duty to care properly about it. However, mainly Judeo-Christian paradigm imposes a variety of limitations connected with bodily issues, usually neglecting its value. The soul is important, the body is flesh simply that will be abandoned after death. It is important to be ascetic.
The major tenets of Hobbes’s philosophy are materialism, determinism, and hedonism. He was also a mechanist and empiricist. Though Hobbes's philosophy establishes an extremely self-centered image of man, the issues raised by him cannot be taken care of without first accepting his opinion regarding human nature.
One common misconception is that Buddha is a God. This is incorrect because Buddhists do not concern themselves with God or Gods but in Dharma, truth and reality. Another common misconception is that all Buddhists are vegetarian. This is incorrect because some Buddhists chose to be vegetarian to follow the first precept better.
Machiavelli’s discussion in The Prince points out one of the more impactful ideas that he had. He believes that the end justifies the means. According to Machiavelli, for princes and rulers to win power struggles, they must be seasoned in the game of politics. These rulers would find it hard to win if they stick to the high demands of morality.
Those who remain willfully ignorant believe there is a debate to be had regarding the age-old question of ‘how we got here.’ They insist on the Biblical version, and not the scientific theory of evolution holds the correct answer. The emotion-charged debate generally centers on which version will be taught in the public schools.
Americans overwhelmingly consider both Jefferson and Hamilton to be founding fathers, ones that contributed significantly to the development of this country. Very different in many ways, from their background, through political views and into economic policies, both Jefferson and Hamilton worked hard on developing a government of this country.
Ecofeminists should be vegetarians since the massive slaughter of animals has negative impacts on the ecosystem through the pollution of rivers and the likelihood of reproductive diseases to women. According to Carol Adams, the people with power who are associated with masculinity have always eaten meat.
However, the character and the movie reinforce negative stereotypes about women. Instead of empowering women, the fairy tale story feeds not just one but several destructive fantasies to young, impressionable children, petite girls—these illusions center on the twisted ideal of beauty that forms the foundation of the entire plot.
The reason has long been extolled as the best source of knowledge. Philosophers and scientists have used logic to gain insights into puzzling questions. Ancient people used to think that the sun moved around the earth. One example where reason has led to knowledge is that of Copernicus.
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I want you to know why story truth is truer sometimes than happening truth.” (203). O’Brien doesn’t rely on the episode's facts to narrate a true war story where the ‘happening truth’ remains clouded and unclear even to the soldiers themselves. Instead, he has chosen to portray the emotions and experiences of the soldiers themselves.
Empiricism is a philosophical belief which states that moral judgments can be derived from knowledge, skill, and understanding. It uses facts and data to create moral judgments in contrast to the idea of inherent and intrinsic moral judgments. It is closely related to science as it believes that every idea must undergo a rigorous procedure of observation, trial, and testing.
Socrates and the speech that he delivered at the time of his trial are alive today in their true essence in the form of Plato’s version of the lesson, which is remembered as ‘The apology’. Xenophon wrote the original speech given by Socrates. However, Plato’s performance is still considered to be the most reliable source of gaining information about the history of Socrates.
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Plato’s works span an enormous array of subjects. Indeed, his writings through the Platonic dialogues constitute some of the foundational elements of the Western philosophic tradition. Plato’s Apology considers Socrates' trial in front of the Greek lawmakers who have accused him of undermining the Athenian youth through teaching them his wisdom.
Moreover, Haidt concretely indicates that “moral reasoning does not cause moral judgment; rather, moral reasoning is usually a post hoc construction, generated after a judgment has been reached” (814). In Haidt’s paradigm, intuitions are primary in making human moral judgments; moral reasoning only does the labor of a lawyer, which justifies an already taken point of view.
Justice may refer to the equitable, fair, and appropriate treatment of people under different circumstances. It is a necessary component in the fair determination of conflicts between persons in society. In the determination of how one is to treat others, be it rewarding or punishing, there is a need for standards of justice.
Jean Jacques was a Swiss philosopher – he had a major role to play in the French Revolution as it was his political ideas that mainly influenced the same, along with the growth of nationalism and the theory of socialists. He also made important contributions to music and writing; it is often said that he re-invented autobiography.
Pessimism is derived from the Latin word pessimist (worst). This is a state of mind with a negative perception of life. Value judgments may differ, but judgments of facts are undisputed. Philosophical pessimism does not mean that one has or cultivated a negative value or that this world is absolutely bad.
The second part deals with the dual nature of man, i.e., the rational and the intuitive. He establishes that neither logical nor intuitive man is ever successful in their pursuit of knowledge due to our illusion of truth. Therefore, Nietzsche concludes that all we can claim to know are interpretations of reality and not the truth itself.
The journey of life is full of transition – change in location, change in time, change in appearance, and a whole lot of changes. “A life transition can be positive or negative, planned or unexpected. Some transitions happen without warning, and they may be quite dramatic” (Coan, 2011).
The fact that life on Earth has been around for millions of years (though recorded history is only a few thousand years old) and that the continuity of life on Earth is due to the Gaia regulating itself is something that appeals to me rather than the primacy of humans as the central point as is the case with the Anthropic Principle.
After foreseeing his demise, it occurs that Marcus Aurelius can only attain a resolved end once Maximus becomes convinced to carry on his legacy and fulfill the rest of the objectives, which would not afford to neglect involvement of the principles the emperor is profoundly invested in to keep in the name of honor over his philosophical achievements and of the glory and light which Rome is foreseen to come by.
She names three cities that have been historically preserved and how a little planning has changed the very soul of these cities. The places in the towns Denver, Seattle, and Albuquerque have been traditionally held to attract tourists and enhance the sense of historical background among the citizens.
Locke believed in living in a state of nature where the natural rights of every individual were respected and it was used to create a peaceful and contented society. He believed humans had an inherent moral understanding of the state of nature and if governed in the right manner by a civil society a state of war can always be averted.
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Plato and his writings through the Platonic Dialogues constitute some of the foundational elements of the Western philosophic tradition. His works span an enormous array of subjects. Plato’s Apology considers Socrates' trial in front of the Greek lawmakers. Socrates had been brought to trial by an individual named Meletus who had accused him of corrupting the Athenian youth.
It took centuries for mankind to come to a point where many can easily voice their opinions without having to ponder over the consequences. One should always know where to draw the line. Freedom of expression also needs to have its limits. Two of the masterminds who put forth their work on liberty and freedom of speech were J.S.Mill and J.-J.Rousseau.
Virtues are the characteristics that make what a person is. Two great Philosophers hold different views of these virtues that have been held in the thoughts of people for a long time. These views show the timelessness of the adage of Confucius that holds dear in China and that of Aristotle’s to the intellectuals who kept references to them.