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I studied philosophy only because its allure drew me in, but not because I had planned to study it as a career. After just taking one lesson in the course, I was captivated by the field’s breadth, depth, and scope of its topics. James argues that most people enjoy reading philosophy because it has characterized by a wide range of topics and content (100).
The reason why Thomson argues that the right to privacy consists of certain rights of ownership relies on the idea that the object that a person is entitled to have the absolute ownership of is one’s private life. Thomson is right about it. That is why it is permissible for a person to waive one’s right to privacy in a given context.
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This is the reason why many philosophers have overlapped the terms nature, personality, and consciousness in different texts. The reason behind this is that the terms have the same basic background with minute differences which may merge into one if seen from a different point of view. People meet their friends after a long gap of years.
Science is a collaborative, dynamic, and creative endeavor that arises from the desire to make sense and learn about our world by solving problems, making predictions, investigating and exploring unknown factors. Learning science provides young learners with the opportunity to develop in-depth knowledge and understanding about significant science concepts that are a crucial part of the universe.
There has always been animosity between Christianity and witchcraft. The animosity has only intensified over the years instead of settling down. It is very easy to make out and to understand as to why these religions have been at odds. Several major changes took place during the European Christianization.
Aristotle has put forward a very sound argument that calls for the expulsion of culpability for acts that are driven by fear. This has been supported by the more advanced, rational and scientific minds in modern psychology and criminal law. Fear, indeed, can incapacitate an individual to the point that he is no longer master of his reason.
Talking of all the ethical issues related to the problems caused by HeLa’s cells it might be interesting to note that before vaccinations became common, cancers were practically unheard of expect in people who were morally so downtrodden that they participated in unethical sex. After the introduction of vaccinations, more diseases were on the rise.
Freedom is regarded as the central theme in Descartes’ philosophy of human nature, where it has been associated with “the theme of the infinite”. According to Descartes: “it is through the freedom of the will, experienced as unlimited, that the human understands itself to bear the "image and likeness" of the infinite God”.
The issue of homosexuality is a pertinent one in society today. In some cases, it is a taboo topic among some quarters while, in others, it is freely addressed. The political leadership also has seemingly been averse to comprehensively tackle the matter. The matter of same-sex unions has been around since time immemorial.
The soul is energy and the body is matters. The soul initiates the development of the body, and the soul is still viable in a disembodied state, although a body is needed in order to activate potential. Humans, animals, plants and trees, stones, water, and even sunlight and moonlight all have souls, and they are all of the same nature, just expressed differently in various body types.
Adopting and observing statutes of state laws, social values and moral principles play the most dominant role in respect of making a peaceful and happy life at an individual and collective scale. However, observing goodness and kindness should not be performed under the pressure of metaphysical powers. Hence, moral values should be practiced unconditionally.
From the historical standpoint of the shared common good, there exists evidence that the public good was a fundamental element towards health life via the western ideas and aspects of current Christian spirituality. The ideology of Aristotle concerning the concept of the common good has ever since created the primary basis for all other critical thinkers.
Scientific research has played an important role in ensuring that problems are solved for instance using the scientific method. Science also has played a major part in improving the quality of life as discussed above. There is an overall need in appreciating the role of science in human life because science touches almost all spheres of human life including education, health, social and health.
As the paper tells, philosophically, arguments involve disciplines such as epistemology which refers to the nature and the scope of knowledge, and also ontology which deals with the nature of being, existence, and reality. Many arguments exist and can be categorized as metaphysical, logical, empirical, or subjective.
Whichever side one comes in on, it should be agreed that bullying has become a problem being encountered by many in our society. The bottom line is that today, there are literally thousands, and possibly millions, of young people who are literally petrified to go to school or any of a variety of community activities. They are afraid because they are being bullied.
The effectiveness of surrogate mothers is to gift a couple, who are sterile, of a child, but not to substitute one responsibility for pleasure simply because one can afford to do so. Others would claim that surrogate motherhood is a risky module since there is no clear stipulation in the law of who reserves the ultimate responsibility of the child.
This assignment also discusses Consequentialism, a normative ethical theory that holds to the convention that the result of the activity is the only grounds for judging the entire process. The doctrine of double effect is a notion used to justify the committing of a serious action that may even involve the death of an individual as a side effect of promoting some good end.
Globalized capitalism manifests as an element that favors the countries with better bargaining powers while it stifles developing economies. Although capitalism has provided notable benefits to the world, it needs guidance through an ethics system that watches its poisonous aspect. Globalization is responsible for various socio-economic problems in various countries.
It is true that human life is important, and it should not be taken away from a person because of a crime they have committed. In that, everything should be left as it is to ensure that persons live their life up to the time that God decides to take away their life. Life is sacred and even in situations where a person has committed a crime, they should be allowed to severe a life sentence.
Philosophy concentrates on the study of general and fundamental problems that are linked to reality, values, reason, language, and existence. The primary objective of philosophers is to provide solutions to problems facing humanity. Contributors to political liberalism and classical liberalism are linked with philosophers of the enlightenment. Liberalism is the most controversial ideology.
It would not be a mistake to point out that living in a society should be considered to be an irreplaceable prerequisite for the development of the inner potential of a human. Indeed, if it had not been for the social environment, a considerable number of abilities that are thought to be characteristic of the human race would not have emerged.
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Malcolm X was a divisive figure, partly because of his eccentricity and partly because of the values that he stood for. He was a person whom people only loved or hated. His autobiography was named by the Times magazine to be one of the most influential books of the twentieth century. His work with the black American people was iconic.
Science is usually defined as a system where knowledge is acquired and this knowledge is utilized to observe and experiment with natural phenomena. Everything which happens in the universe has a natural cause and it does not relate it to a God or an unseen force. Religion only believes in God and establishes its foundation on the concept of God and in his unlimited powers.
Contemporary world vehemently requires a peaceful, prosperous, healthy, vigorous and talented individuals for the collective progress and uplift of a nation and society. Healthy, wealthy and beautiful women can produce vigorous and talented children and weak and frail mothers will surely produce weak and ill babies. Unwanted and unnecessary pregnancies may destroy the individual.
In the recent past, scientific and industrial revolutions have yielded what man never thought would be five or six centuries ago, 'The Robot”, 1 machine that has undergone tremendous advancement to the extent that by the year 2000 Robots started to resemble human beings. The main concern is that it resembles a man in physical appearance and can walk, talk, think and feel.
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The works of Camus, Hitchens, and Thoreau are very different in their layout, approach to life and interpretation of human experience. Yet, each one of them is concerned with the purposeful existence of human beings, intrinsic life values, healthy morality and the right direction to choose for the future generations.
Justice is one of the basic principles that each democratic country tries to establish within its functioning. America, like all countries that value the tenets of democracy, strives to provide justice to all individuals on American soil. But while conceptually and in principle, equal justice to all is an important idea; it is extremely difficult if not practically impossible.
It becomes crystal clear that the wonderful achievements made by Aristotle, this brilliant, talented and distinguished personality of the world cannot be described in a few pages. His profound intellect and outstanding intelligence encompassed almost all the existing disciplines and fields of knowledge.
The Renaissance saw a new way of thinking in terms of philosophy and human thought. In essence, it renewed interest in anti-Aristotelian theories with regards to nature seen as an organic living. Also, philosophy began to have a more modern approach as compared to what was happening during the Medieval and Greek times. As discussed above, it is still identifiable to date.
Dallas Willard expresses his viewpoints through cultural shifts, classical philosophy and modernity. Thomas Aquinas viewed human nature as a paradox, with the defining trait of dividing between spirit and matter. The paper will compare and contrast the different viewpoints of these philosophers and how they argue and support their viewpoints.
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The Freudians attributed a psychological origin to belief in God. This constituted their principal criticism towards belief in God. In other words, the Freudians contended that God was merely the projection of intense individual and unconscious desires. Thus, God was deemed to be nothing more than a wish fulfillment that ensued from the childish needs for protection and security.
The 1994 Rwandan genocide that lasted 100 days has its history back to the pre-colonial period where the Hutu majority resisted being led by the Tutsi minority, the latter being favored by various regimes for leadership roles. It was an ethnic conflict that saw the Hutu extremists kill over 800,000 Tutsi and Hutu sympathizers.
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Stereotypes can either be positive or negative. They can also be grouped as accurate or inaccurate. Stereotypes represent how the human mind works. The mind uses stereotypes to synthesize and organize larger volumes of information. It is, therefore, clear that human beings cannot function without stereotypes.
While death penalty does not restore the status of the victim of a murder to the initial status nor does it rehabilitate the offender, it is among the most effective measures of ensuring the perpetrator does not commit the crime again while also acting as deterrence to others who might be tempted to act in a similar manner.
Ethical euthanasia has been legalized in many countries because it puts an end to the suffering of the victim and brings a sense of peace and somewhat a little happiness to the victim’s family. Since it relieves them the pain of having to see their loved ones suffer every single day. As long as the results bring joy to the person then it is all right to take a course of action.
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Although Plato majorly based his topic of discussion on the Republic, also, his dialogue includes an eloquent appeal on the behalf of the life of justice and personal non-violence in all things. The author majorly based his area of study in Greek country where he took his time to explain the philosophical principles that Plato was championing for in the democratic city of Athens.
Government and health experts are making several efforts to control the violations through alcohol control policies. Alcoholism among the younger generation has been reported to be a major factor in the high number of fatal accidents and deaths. Therefore, governments must be concerned with having countries set suitable drinking ages to reduce these violations.
The practice amounts to a violation of animal rights. Animals just like humans have a right to life and liberty and subjecting them to suffering in order to get fur for clothing is abridging this right. As such, animals should not be killed for any purpose whatsoever be it for meat, fur, or medical experiments. They may be treated differently from humans bearing in mind that they are different.
What is the truth? This is a question that has generated heated debates and researches among philosophers. The debate has led to the generation of theories of truth. Cowan and Spiegel name three major hypotheses of truth: the correspondence theory, coherence theory and the pragmatic theory. The opinion that a proposition becomes the truth if it adheres to the set of beliefs of that person.
Curiosity pushes the human mind in an active mode and nudges the human intellect to ask questions and seek answers. It is the curiosity that enables the human mind to be observant of new perspectives on seemingly ordinary and mundane things and opens up a whole world of novel possibilities both in the realm of matter and the mind.
There are various moral perspectives that can be used to explain the just war theory including virtue ethics, deontological and utilitarianism. However, utilitarianism is the theory that is the most practical for explaining just war in the contemporary world. This is owing to the fact that countries go to war for various reasons and some of them are justifiable.
Most people powered by instincts know that a single day oncoming they will explain all the dreadful things they have conducted and thus leads to the essential understanding of moral absolutes. The overriding point is that in case God does exist, eminent terms like “justice," "morality" or "purpose," are typically not abstract notions and thus God has a reason for creating every individual.
Thomas Hobbes is one the most popular philosopher for his ethical and social theory about the political structure of a community in the form of his book Leviathan. His work in the book Leviathan is actually based upon his social contact theory. Hobbes’s political philosophy head off from a number of premises and all of these premises are self-evident in their nature.
The concept of perpetual peace has been adopted in various modern forms that include politics, conflict and peace resolution initiatives. According to the philosopher, there is always a period in which a nation enjoys the relative benefits of a peaceful co-existence. Peace promotes the development of various sectors of the economy.
There is a need for hierarchical, rather than egalitarian conception on aesthetic notions. This would allow mankind to make an aesthetic and nonaesthetic distinction in a useful way and provide answers to art critics. This paper suggests that aesthetics judgments are not possible, though the aesthetic is an aspect that can be defended in art philosophy.
Hume concludes that suicide does not contravene any of those three categories, and the paper determines whether or not Hume’s argument above has cogency or not. This paper posits the thesis that there are some valid objections that can be made with regard to the overall logic and universal applicability of some of the arguments of Hume relating to suicide and its acceptability.
Ivan Illich was a social philosopher with an admirable historical background. With his good educational background, Ivan Illich developed several theories that advocated for the transformation of the education system (Kennedy & Kennedy, 2010). The theories concentrated a lot on the disestablishment of traditional schools and the enhancement of advanced informal learning webs.
“Jesus, you startled me. I wasn’t expecting you here.” His face looked sort of delighted. Joseph Nye: How are doing uncle Fukuyama? Fukuyama: I am fine thank you, how are you doing my boy? Stretching his hand out to Joseph Nye. Joseph Nye: I am doing okay uncle, long time. (Looking surprised). I did not expect you to hear uncle, what brings you to Leo University?
He worked towards propagating equality and true justice in his famous work “Gorgias”. He also discussed other facets of life like the immortality of the soul in his book "Phaedo". However, to date, the views of Plato on justice remains one of the most studied and debated work among the literary works of Plato and other contemporary philosophers of his time.
However, some prefer to be given power and essential gratification. He indicates that the individuals how accepts that the virtues of a true friendship are of supreme good are totally correct, even though the virtues themselves are what creates and sustains a true and good friendship between human beings. Without these virtues, true friendship cannot exist.