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The paper argues for the notion that Friendship of Virtue is the only type of association that is founded on the principle of mutual love and respect and which tends to last long because of its getting established on selflessness and sacrifice. This argument is based on Aristotle’s perspective from the Theory of Friendship.
The meditator reasons that if a reason presents itself as to why he is to doubt his knowledge, he will be ready to look for more solid foundations for the knowledge he holds. However, he realizes that if he decides to doubt the foundations of all the knowledge he holds, then that will mean doubting all the knowledge in him.
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In my view, civil disobedience can be morally justified and it is, indeed, morally right to disobey some laws if the laws are against the principle of the common good, and if the disobedience will lead to the granting of the hitherto denied rights to the citizens by the government. This view, however, is contrary to the deontological ethical tenet that states that we have a duty to always obey the legally instituted laws.
The world is less aware of the importance of mediation because human beings feel that they have no time to look into their inner minds. Zen Buddhism, especially the meditation techniques put forth by the Zen Buddhist teacher Shunryu Suzuki are noteworthy because they same help to take control of one’s mind and to be responsible for one’s deeds.
Realm of Humans-as-Persons philosophers and theologians have embraced or turned down, one way or another non-ethical and non-theological discussion about the human as ‘persons’ and its role in history and nature. The article enlightens its readers about the need to reform humanities, turning its focus more on the human as a ‘free agent’, and not as a victim of uncontrollable circumstances.
It is eventually the romantic relationships that happen to have the innate magic and substance, which make the otherwise prosaic human existence, so bearable and poetic. In a more generalized sense, romance is the very essence of this universe, and nature manages to procreate and sustain itself only through the power and sway of this mysterious thing called romance.
He insists that humans learn the virtue of molarity through a habit or practicing something for a period of time. His definition of virtue includes having a socially accepted attitude towards the feelings of pleasure and pain. The view of Aristotle displays a patient and descriptive approach towards the ethical issue of moral virtue.
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The paper analyzes the concept of freedom according to Simone and relates it to the definitions of freedom according to great authors like Fyodor, Dostoevsky, Jean-Paul Sartre, Kierkegaard, and Heidegger. The paper makes the conclusion that the authors named above have similar concepts when it comes to freedom.
To begin with, it may be important to point out that constructive empiricism is largely regarded as the main opponent of scientific realism. Indeed, the formed argues that it may not be logical to accumulate knowledge about abstract and unobservable matters, while scientific realism often follows a completely different path.
According to Thrasymachus, justice belongs to those individuals who possess power. Individuals having power frame laws and weaker section of the society need to follow such laws. On the contrary, Socrates even denotes bad laws to be structured by rulers.
The thing that makes a will good or bad is the intention or purpose that is behind it. Inanimate objects like money are good, but once it is used to violate the rights of others then the money is considered evil. This is to convey that our decisions and use of resources must be for the betterment of ourselves and others.
Emotions are intentional for instance we get angry with someone for a particular action they have committed. Hence there is a purpose and it is absolutely rational. Hume agrees with Solomon that the emotion of anger is caused by an external being of whose thoughts and sensations we have no idea of (102).
In the book ‘The Absorbent Mind’, Maria Montessori states that she believes that humanity is very far from reaching the stage of maturity which is so very necessary in order to create a harmonious and peaceful community and society by eliminating war. According to her, ‘Men are not yet ready to shape their own destinies;
The succession of speeches begins with Phaedrus who states that the first god was in fact, Love; and that it is because of Love and Love only that men show courage and want to be proven best. Pausanias, after Phaedrus, gives us the difference between common love and heavenly love in an extremely rhetoric speech.
The person feels that the new leadership model gives young adults a framework to add significance in their youth age, so they can feel inspired, spiritually fed, and can exercise leadership skills. The person believes that there is a great chance for our young leaders to create a world, that people are all looking for.
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Sher also talks about other early, well-discussed theories about how blame is related to character, principle, responsibility, and reactive attitudes. But, he does not agree with the Humean theory of how the blame assigned to a person depends on his character. The reasons he is arguing against are understandable and yet it could go both ways.
It is very difficult to define that line that needs to be crossed in order for obscenity to lose its protection from Freedom of Speech. This is when the “slippery slope” argument is generally made. A slippery slope argument is a logical fallacy that is often used as a premise that if small steps are taken, then larger ones will follow.
Logic and reason are the two most significant characteristics of the Aristotelian theoretical framework, which have been produced in six separate treaties called Organon. The work thoroughly discusses Aristotle’s concepts and methodologies applied in the logical interpretation of the issues, matters, or phenomena under analysis.
Those who want assisted suicide legalized are mainly concerned with human suffering. Many illnesses cause a lingering and agonizing death for those who at their most vulnerable. Watching a loved one as they slowly and painfully die is very difficult for family and friends. It’s agonizing to witness and worse for the patient to endure
The altruistic hedonic system associated with the thought of Bentham and Mill has a number of benefits. It is hard to agree with the values of universalist moral systems because they assume a degree of universality to their moral beliefs which do not appear to occur. Secondly, there are positive reasons to follow utilitarianism.
Lemos mentioned that there are two types of evidence, conclusive and nonconclusive (17). Conclusive evidence guarantees the truth of the proposition it supports; most of the time, however, evidence for a proposition is deemed nonconclusive in the sense that it does not guarantee the truth of the proposition it holds.
Life subsequently ends in death, and the reverse is literally impossible. Once gone, gone for good. Notably, the tear and wear of life are caused by the harassments that one exerts on the body could be responsible for his/her death, and one has a social role to play in shaping his life and those of other people in the society.
Socrates being inquisitive discovered that mind is the cause of all causes and it interacted with the physical world to create an illusion. Socrates reasoning ability convinced him about the afterlife and divinity of the soul. In further life, he concentrated the whole of his efforts in purifying the soul and merging it with heavenly gods.
Computers therefore clearly lack the ability of inference or even form a judgment based upon the processing of input and output. There is therefore the large difference between simulating thinking and actual thinking as computers simulate thinking rather than actually participating in the overall process of thinking.
The divine perfection, as well as the omnipotence, therefore may not exist together as the condition of perfection requires that there will be no evil and whatever happens happens for a certain reason. In such a case, there may not be moral consequences of the actions of God and whatever happens, may happen because it can bring greater good to mankind.
Case 1 – Smith and Jones applied for a certain job where Smith has strong evidence that assures Jones of the position, thus leaving Smith to believe that Jones will be the one to be hired, but in the end it was Smith who is hired not because his evidence is incorrect but because unknown to him, he also has what he believed would make Jones be hired.
Deforestation can be often unavoidable. In this case, its effects would be controlled if criteria were set for developing the specific initiative. At this point, the following philosophical approach could be used: in accordance with Charles Lyell, the physical environment is being changed; however, this process is gradual (Kemp 2004, p.11).
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The sense of touch, smell, hearing, sight, and taste are all properties which allow us to feel real. Humans create the senses and impress the properties of those senses on objects. He believes that when the wax is put near the fire, it loses or changes its properties allowing the senses of humans to be altered.
Science and religion have different beliefs. For instance, while laws, causes and effects, control science, religion is governed by results of a supernatural being that relates and interacts with human beings. Religion and science meet when one questions how and where God interacts with Christians. We realise that God is causal amongst others.
As the concept is based upon the individual’s decisions and their capabilities to do something, this means that the ones, who are less able to succeed, won’t. There will be an equal level of poverty and wealth. No government means that the businesses of those who have strong tactics and investment will flourish and the small firms will stay behind.
Nothing can be said with certainty about the meditations. Plato and Aristotle some of the most colossal classical philosophers that argued in the favor of substantial dualism in which a clear division between the mind are body are depicted. The body is essentially extended according to the idea of dualism whereas the mind is non-extended and essentially thinking.
A critical look at these two articles shows that the meaning of life lies in exploiting one’s talents or aptitudes for the good of oneself and others; the meaning of human life lies in exploiting one’s talents for the good of humanity.
Marx demonstrated that not only that some of the human actions in the past shaped the contemporary world but also their deeds could shape a future world free from the incongruity of capitalism. Marx came up with a materialistic theory illustrating how the society they resided in but more so how human beings could act in order to transform the society molded human beings.
In ethics, the initial judgment that one has could be altered when he or she is provided with additional information on that particular matter. Here, language plays a significant role in terms of how such information is relayed. For example, one may judge abortion as bad because he or she lost a relative because of it.
Although there is no proved answer to the question when the ensoulment happens, there are some hypotheses which investigate into this matter. It is necessary to give a definition of ensoulment for understanding the hypotheses which will be considered in this paper.
It is a truth beyond an ordinary man’s doubt that language, the world, and the mind co-exist. Speakers of various languages use those languages to give a description of the world in which both the speaker and the language they speak are part.
The Difference between Kantian Categorical Imperative and Hypothetical Imperative: the difference between Categorical imperative and hypothetical imperatives lies in the fact that, while the categorical imperatives are absolute and admit of no exceptions, the hypothetical imperatives are relative and admit of exceptions.
every day’s activities and responsibility, each and every individual has to make decisions that can either be short-term or long-term. The option and the responsibility of having to make daily critical decisions are referred what is known as a moral doctrine. Utilitarianism, an example of an ethical theory, is very difficult to understand.
According to Heraclitus, the flux doctrine espouses the opposites are united. This often includes shifting or changing from one time period to another time period. As things change with moving time, our world still remains the same. For example, liquid water turns in to rain, this rainwater can be collected and frozen into solid ice form.
Thereby, it depicts the same tradition of Nietzsche in disregarding certain mores, traditions, beliefs and ways of thinking because of the underlying belief that such norms and beliefs are conditioned by certain groups for their own interests and not necessarily for the edification of man and to transform him into a higher human being.
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The individual interacting with these constructs is what Dewey was interested in when examining the individual. This would explain, to Dewey, why slaves were sometimes satisfied with their lot, oppressed people in totalitarian regimes sometimes experienced no discomfort and some men formed gangs that were shaped by their social instincts.
Responding to one of the strongest criticisms of Reid’s argument, I would like to look at that provided by Kant. Kant criticized Reid’s philosophy in two directions. First of all, Kant explicitly maintained that the whole philosophy of common sense is methodologically directed in the wrong direction.
The third argument that the world is a better place with evil rather than without evil questions the claim that God is benevolent. If God is benevolent and omnipotent why not find a way where we can grow spiritually and morally without having to endure pain and suffering. Why it is that only way we can grow is throw suffering and pain.
Locke’s idea that governments get their power from the approval of those that are governed further strengthens the concept that the state is bound to use its powers in taking initiatives and establishing facilities whereby the citizen is not deprived of the right to live because of lack of healthcare facilities.
Aristotle goes on to talk of the way in which citizens are determined, in practice. He says that people whose parents were citizens are often thought of to be citizens as well. This then would mean that only the people who are descendants of the founders of the state would be able to call themselves as citizens of that state.
In my opinion, Kant’s view of beneficence is plausible. His view of beneficence promotes the offering of acts of kindness, humanity and charity as a duty to fellow mankind who are in need without basing these actions on any inclinations. When offered as a duty, the one offering these actions should not do so with the motive of gaining something out of it.
Both the philosophers are mid-level philosophers, and the differences in their positions are one of the arguments and counter-arguments. God is elsewhere and he is beyond all sorts of arguments. Both of them are aware of the limitations of the mind. How can mind comprehend a power that is beyond the scope of the mind?
Carey, 2007 describes an experiment in which the perceptions of students about a person they met only very briefly, were affected by circumstances – in this case, whether they were asked to take hold of a cup of iced coffee or a hot one. They were unaware of this effect as it affected their subconscious, rather than their conscious minds.
Kant goes on to expound on the issue of empirical reason to explain the existence of states and how their behavior is regulated and determined by empirical reason. States, he says, do not co-exist in peace as a natural occurrence. The natural state is that of war and hostility and that they work and endeavor toward achieving peace.
That there are parallels between Plato’s tripartite view of the human psyche to that of Freud’s conception of the mind is testimony to the former’s veracity and importance. While a discussion of Plato in modern corporate lounges might see out of place, it is the right approach to solving key management issues.