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Acquiring or learning a second language has been a great challenge to many students who pursue the course as well as the teachers who are involved. Therefore it becomes very important for guidelines to be set so that both parties can be guided so as to make the process smooth and successful. The findings will then be analyzed and conclusions drawn.
This paper investigates how repeated reading can influence a student’s fluency in English. I teach at an elementary school, J.B. Nachman, in Alexandria, Louisiana. The
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There has been much debate concerning the schooling of bilingual learners and the medium of instruction that should be used. It is not clear whether the English language learners (ELLs) should be taught exclusively in English or through a bilingual approach. This debate may inform national policies to a given extent, etc.
Learning English as a second language has seen the emergence of new trends. In addition to the use of traditional measures such as collaboration with native speakers, there is the increased use of technology. These include among other diagnosing ad demonstrating pronunciation using mobile-based and computer-based applications.
English, one of today’s global languages, is rooted deep in history, having been transferred from West Germany by Germanic invaders into Britain around the 8th and 9th centuries. Since then, the language has expanded in use around the world, having crossed the borders into other parts of the world during the Renaissance Period and during colonial times.
The teaching content and lesson plan consider the learner’s cultural background, gender and average age, language level, the language needed, and the number of students. Notably, the class will consist of thirteen to twenty students. One student is Chinese, one is Japanese and the rest are Arab.
There are major contrasts between English and Japanese phonology and linguistics. Analysing the contrasts between English and Japanese phonology would help make determinations on the challenges faced by Japanese speakers of English. In this paper, Japanese speakers were asked to read out loud a conversation in English.
English grammar conditionals are sometimes described as ‘if’ clauses. The if clauses describe the outcome and result of something that is likely to happen in the future or in the present or might have occurred but did not happen in the past. These conditionals are constructed using varying verb tenses.
Using mother tongue in communication is a strategy that has been foin to work with EAL children. The strategy applied in this case is that of making the children with special needs collaborate using their mother tongue. This way they will be able to learn with confidence and also at their own pace (Gibbons, 2003, 112).
A good number of research studies suggest that most foreign language instructions or programs tend to emphasize the application and production of writing that mainly reflects on student’s knowledge of accurate grammar usage. Schultz (1991) observes that lower-division programs tend to accentuate the acquisition of the basic language.
Tajima (2010), in any case, contends that the stakes are much higher. Due to the nearby connections in the middle of language and personality, if individuals start to think about their language as pointless, they see their way of life thusly also. This prompts social disturbance, despondency, suicide, and drug abuse.
Reflection is considered an interpersonal process that helps to promote changes in practice and behavior. For instance, through reflective diary writing, I managed to discover links existing between my actions in class and teaching beliefs; resulting in modification to understanding my behaviors, learners’ behaviors, and motivational strategies.
In Saudi Arabia, a lot of changes have since taken place, and it started with women being educated based on the Islamic laws that require people to search for knowledge. The first girls’ school in Saudi Arabia was established in 1956 (Nassuora, 2012, p. 24). However, the education for women was guided by the Department of Religious Guidance.
There is literally a world of difference between Mari’s L1 (Japanese) and her L2 (English). These differences influence her ability to learn her L2. Some of these disparities are simple and basic while others are deep and cutting. A good example of a simple basic difference between Japanese and English is in the sentence structure.
18 pages (4821 words)
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Past research into sociolinguistic aspects has resulted in proposals that regard numerous issues, including reasons for employing code-switching, contexts of its execution, and the reasons for engaging in code-switching. Grammatical aspects of code-switching have increased the understanding of these issues, resulting in a better understanding of intrasentential code-switching and its constraints.
It can be difficult to quantify the exact number of people that speak English in the world. However, one can argue that English is the most widely spoken language in the world. Several reasons can be given to explain this phenomenon. One of the reasons is that English is recognized as a language of globalization, science, and technology.
11 pages (3312 words)
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Protagonists of this school of thought believe that the latest trends in Saudi Arabia where teachers often use Arabic in English classes are not only an improvement to learning but shifts to and from the utilization of the first language to bridge gaps learners encounter in the process of learning English (Aburumuh et al. 2009; Alshammari, 2011).
8 pages (2428 words)
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Based on the purpose of the research, sources of data will be primary and secondary with the former obtained through the aforementioned questionnaire and the latter from relevant sources as we highlighted in the research method section. Basing on such collection, we schedule the first phase to encompass data collection from the teachers and students.
As the swing of paradigm on the educational context in Indonesia, as a result, of change role of English language to be an international language in the global era, the Indonesian government through the ministry of education makes effort in establishing English to be the target language among the locals.
10 pages (2971 words)
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This paper appraises what the teacher of ESOL should take into account when teaching spoken language. Specifically, it looks at the learners; their reasons for learning, their social-cultural as well as economic conditions, and other factors. It also looks at the context of acquisition and the role English plays in society.
The essence of curricula, syllabuses, and policies is appreciated across borders, but then, those that are designed and implemented by a governing administration are only active within that the territory of that government, in this case, contexts in which English is the main language used. They are designed to enhance the operation of a given system and to ensure fairness to all participants.
11 pages (3478 words)
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While the language problem cannot be generalized, and not all international students bracketed within the problem group, Australian university staff have mostly reported that a majority of international students do pose with writing difficulties (Bayley et al. 2002). The reason attributed to this is English proficiency variability levels among students joining Australian universities.
7 pages (2273 words)
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There are both qualitative and quantitative differences observed between non-native speakers and native speakers in their attitudes to various English accents. From library sources that describe the subject, nonnative speakers portray a positive attitude towards the nonnative English accent and acknowledge the fact that there are difficulties in acquiring the native accent.
15 pages (7668 words)
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The chapter would discuss the use of quantitative methodology and DCT (discourse completion questionnaires) for conducting this research to understand how Iraqi learners and Australian speakers of English in Australian universities conduct speech act requests, while also providing a base for further research.
For student's grammatical errors to be identified, samples of their written work under the genre of narrative writing are also analyzed. Subsequently, the errors are recorded and classified based on types and forms of errors such as the wrong or inappropriate uses of, phonetics, Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives (Parts of Speech), and Tenses (Leacock, Chodorow, & Gamon, 2010).
18 pages (5360 words)
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The head of the high-school exam board CEPA stated that “88 percent of students graduate with inadequate English to cope at University, where almost all courses are taught in English” (p. 1). This relates to why Emirati students spend at least one year in foundation programs offering English language learning opportunities despite having learned the language in high school.
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The learning of English is largely a function of their first language. In Saudi Arabia, the number of secondary school students taking English as a second language has grown significantly. However, the uptake and fluency in both the spoken and written language are largely influenced by the teaching methods applied.
The paper will evaluate the key language learning strategies vital in the execution of writing tasks by students taking English as a Second Language. In order to succeed in the achievement of their goals and objectives, ESL learners have the obligation and tendency of using language-learning strategies.
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Communicative language teaching is an extensively explored and researched topic by a number of researchers in the field of teaching English. Additionally, a number of studies have been constructed about the implementation of CLT in the EFL context but there have been very few that have focused on the teaching using CLT for adult education in the EFL context most especially in China.
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The paper would not only review the past theories propagated by experts on the implementation of writing strategies but would also formulate newer writing strategies as per the requirements of the students. Thereafter, these writing strategies would be incorporated into the curriculum and taught to one set of students, while the other would be taught from the conventional teaching module.
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The relationship between culture and language is a complex one. As per Ronald Langacker (1999), language is seen as an essential tool and integral part of a culture, which is being reflected through the linguistic structure. Further, linguists such as Lakoff and Johnson (1999) also suggested that cultural impact could be found in the various idioms and metaphors used in languages.
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The current world is on the verge of employing ICT in literary every facet of life. Research in educational systems shows that students learning abilities improves in almost all aspect if students get an early debut in the information communication technology (ICT) learning process (Almadhour, 2010; Rezaee et al., 2012; Santoso, 2010).
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A basic requirement for future education prosperity is to train students for active contribution in a society of networked information where facts are considered as the majority of dangerous resources for the community and financial expansion. This need has in return forced educational institutions to devise pedagogical strategies that can effectively cope with the challenges.
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Teaching English in countries where it is commonly a second language may manifest various gender issues which are attributable to social contexts in the society. As Silberstein (2001) argues, language through communication strategies and linguistic forms apply to articulation, construction, and deconstruction of gender phenomenon.
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The ability of a person to speak or write well is a learned or culturally transmitted skill that cannot be naturally acquired but achieved through various practices within the formal learning settings (Brown, 2000). This clearly indicates that speaking and writing skills are practiced and learned based on experiences.
In Saudi Arabia, English is considered a foreign language which means the learners have limited opportunities to learn how to speak and to practice teaching. Most students look at the classroom as a place to learn and practice. Saudi English learners look to the teacher with great hope since they consider the teacher to be very competent which leaves the teacher with a lot of responsibility.
Language is as old as the existence of man apparently, language is the factor that holds people together and establishes all social relationships among people. Worth noting is the actuality that without language, human communications could have been paralyzed. Apparently, it is only through language that people can pass messages, express their ideas, practice authority, and coexist.
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The objectives of the study are to:
Find how an individual’s performance varies with pronunciation.
Find the effects of pronunciation on an individual’s performance in the selected Saudi Arabia persons
Determine whether good pronunciation practices increase the level of comprehension
Find out the relationship between pronunciation and comprehension in individuals
People are moving from one continent to another within hours, information is transmitted from one place to another within seconds; goods are produced in one point of the world and are used in another different point. It is out of globalization that the English language has become a global language with non-English speaking individuals preferring to learn English as their second language.
The hot potato multiple question-based ‘reading and vocabulary exercise’ developed will be effective in helping the students grasp key knowledge on reading and vocabulary. For the learners of the English language, it is critical for them to be conversant with the vocabularies used in the language, as well as, the articulation of English words.
The plan considers the need to involve the participants and stakeholders, by involving these key people in the process; the chances of success are increased and hence generating the expected success rates. As noted, a progress report will be particularly essential in ensuring the success of the process.
The use of technology in the language learning process involves an important aspect of ESL. The use of online games is essential in the English learning process through the incorporation of various elements in the process of learning. The use of online games assists the learners to learn within the classroom setting while engaging in fun.
In most cases, EAL/D learners are placed in Australian schools at the year-appropriate for their age (Michel, 2002). Their overall cognitive development and life experiences often do not correlate with their English language proficiency. As a result, there are numerous challenges facing each EAL/D student in learning in and through English.
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Being an Arabic teacher who is able to speak English as a second language would be an added advantage to Arabic students or to schools in which the main clientele comprise native Arabic speakers who are learning English as a second language it should not be assumed that such advantage will be an automatic transition to allow such teachers to speak in Arabic while teaching learners.
Owing to the emergence of tensions between the espoused purposes of adult education and the enacted practice in the area of English as a second language program in Australia, I thought it was wise to put together a detailed report with the aim of looking at reasons causing the rise of these tensions and ways to permanently put to a stop the setbacks these tensions cause.
Piloting occurred through test-takers similar to the intended candidates. This was also important in determining the effectiveness, feasibility, and adequacy of the test techniques. It was also vital in determining whether the test technique was realistic and practical. It would also help in the identification of logistic issues that could happen while using the proposed techniques.
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The report covers the usage of English in Iraq and its most important domain. The report will explain the attitude of the users and the institutional support that is available for learning English as a language. There will be an explanation on the attitude of English users in Iraq, the level of institutional support in learning English, and the status of English as compared to other languages.
The use of fun and hands-on activities makes it easier for them to learn. Given the age of the students, it would be difficult for them to grasp grammar more than they would through practicing the language in context. Therefore the use of a combination of the deductive and the inductive approach would be more appropriate for grade II students.
The purpose of the following paper is to analyze and discuss the pressures faced by an instructor in teaching English in Saudi Arabia such as lack of experience in dealing with learning technologies e.g. language lab, projector, professional institutes to help the students to practice the English language.
From the analysis of the video, “Shit Italian Moms Say”, it is evident that language plays an important part in the effects on society. The language used in the video has been analyzed in terms of diglossia, which refers to the use of different dialects or languages in normal conversations. The analysis has also focused on code-switching and code-mixing.