Biology Essays

The Entamoeba histolytica is of the Eukaryota domain, the phylum Amaebozoa, the class Archamoebae, the order Amoeibida and of the genus Entamoeba1. The parasitic

Later in life the writer’s interest in sciences grew deeper and his writings contain accurate references to medical science. He was friends with doctor from John Hopkins

One of the specific objectives of the lab is to determine whether pill bugs experience a difference in response to two similar conditions. Since study shows that pill bugs prefer wet conditions, there is a need to decide if an external condition besides humidity would affect their movement.

Today, there is still a great debate about whether or not genetically modified ingredients or organisms threaten humankind. Thus the question of whether or not the United States government should have a certification program for foods containing genetically modified ingredients should be answered.

The evergreen trees do well in cool temperatures, but not freezing ones, while the deciduous magnolia trees tend to do well in freezing temperatures, furthermore, if the evergreens are subjected to freezing temperatures, they may change and become deciduous trees; they are more resistant to cold and hardier.

The main finding of the study was in terms of the number of methylated CpG dinucleotides in the newborn, old aged, and intermediate sample. The CpG were many in the newborn sample followed by the intermediate and the least was in the old aged sample. Meaning, DNA of old age has the least methylated material.

Bacteria predominantly leads to the spoilage of jam and often results in serious food poisoning. If the can containing the jam is left unsealed, after use, Enteiobactea arrogant bacteria can invade it and cause spoilage. Bacterial spoilage can also occur from the action of spore-forming bacteria such as Bacillus and Clostridium.

The carboxyl group of one amino acid is linked to the amino group of the next, and so on. This chainlike molecule, which may range from 50 to several hundred amino acid subunits, is called a polypeptide. A protein may be made up of a solitary polypeptide chain or several such chains tied together by molecular bonds.

There were, at that time, many species which were dangerous to individual humans, but even large predators could be outwitted by groups of humans using tools and weapons to attack. In the absence of any serious competition, the humans flourished and multiplied.

Commonly found in the caveolae, caveolins play a significant role in the process of receptor-independent endocytosis (Williams and Lisanti; Tang, Scherer, and Okamoto; Jasmin, Frank, and Lisanti 6). Caveolin has a total of three (3) variants known as the caveolin-1 (CAV-1), caveolin-2 (CAV-2), and caveolin-3 (CAV-3).

Immune responses against the microbes are often more destructive than the direct damage caused by the microbe. The damages include

The plots give a straight line which helps in determining the slope for each. The determined slope gives the reaction rate for the concentration therein. The units for the concentration rate derived from the plots are Delta A/time. Another important step is plotting the slope, which is the concentration rate, against the substrate concentration.

The best way to isolate the bacterium was through gram staining since it helped in identification of the genus and the extent. Considering the characteristics of the bacteria, gram staining method was important since it results to a unique attribute especially in identifying

Carcinogenic agents promote the formation of tumors which could turn out to be malignant. Essential therapies for cancer involve chemotherapy and radiotherapy which have their predicaments and may be perilous to health. To eliminate the side effects of these therapeutic measures, photodynamic therapy has emerged to be of strategic significance.

The alanine-glucose cycle is responsible for the exchange of alanine molecules between skeletal muscles and the liver. Like glutamine, alanine is a very important resultant of amino acid degradation that is used in the body. Alanine is the product of the transamination of pyruvate that happens in the muscles. From the muscles, the alanine is absorbed in the liver where the process of transamination occurs.

Consequently, the results of this experiment confirm the hypothesis that leaves in the dark will grow larger and thinner to facilitate the trapping and absorption of maximum sunlight (Horn, 1971). The critical light requirement obtained from the t-test also suggests the same requirement by the two types of leaves since it is the same for both.   

ticle that has been included in this annotated bibliography deals with the way that drugs that have formerly been seen as specific only to lung cancer can and should now be utilized as skin cancer treatments. What is particularly interesting about the article is the fact that

The enzymes have specialized structures that work according to lock and key model. An enzyme is specific and cannot activate all kind of reactions, as a key can open certain lock only. Enzymes play a vital role

He cuts out any traces of fat in the food, and his diet becomes limited to green tea. Being so undernourished, Zax is left with no energy to exercise to burn the existing fat in his body. He drastically loses and his figure is dramatically changed. While the fat from all areas of his body has gone, the one in his chest is there to stay.

When blood reaches the lungs, it freely dissociates from the haemoglobin and is expelled from the body. Carbon dioxide dissolves in blood plasma; it is more soluble than oxygen. This form of transport accounts for about 10 per cent of co2 vehicles. The carbon dioxide is unchanged in the lungs, where it is expelled through exhalation.

These are diseases that affect the nervous system that comprises of the brain, spinal cord and the sensory organs. These diseases

When viruses inject their genetic material into a host cell, the genes are integrated into the genome structure of the organism. Depending on whether the host cell enters the lytic or lysogenic cycle, the transfer of genetic material can either cause mutation within the virus or in the organism itself. 

In addition, the vomiting centre receives afferent input from the chemotrigger zone, also known as the area postrema. The Chemotrigger Zone (CTZ) is located at the 4th

My research project is focused on determining squirrels behaviors that follow a certain pattern. This makes this article similar to my research project because it focuses on

Human biology is learning about what transpires within the human body. This deep interest has made me choose biology as my major subject with medicine and plastic surgery as my specific field of interest. The career options provided by the course are immense. The course exposes students to a wide range of subjects which will enable them to learn the basics of their specific field of interest.

He cites that if it was possible to bring back mammoth from extinction, regenerating the passenger pigeon remains a possibility. Stewart Brand also rues the missed chance of seeing the flocks of passenger’s pigeon from

The researchers initiated follicle growth in situ and isolated the follicles complexes after they grew into the preantral stages. While more research is needed, the authors conclude that it is possible to produce a fertile gamete by retaining cellular interactions. The paper investigates the formation of the primordial follicles in Ewes.

For instance, the traditional methods that were employed in microbial strain identification have been replaced with ribosomal RNA-based methods for not only speciation

Humans have cleared lands in order to gain more land for their livestock and for the cultivation of crops and irrigational purposes. “Currently, the United States retains only 3 to 4 percent of its old growthforests, and three-quarters of

Generally speaking, maternal transmission of diabetes is above that of the paternal to the offspring. Several environmental and genetic factors explain the exceeding transmissions of IGT and IFG by the mother. There are descriptions of diabetes in families resulting due to mutations in the mitochondrial genes.

The author states that APBT is a family dog breed. It represents breeds like the Bull Terrier, the Staffordshire bull terrier, and the American Staffordshire terrier. There is a controversy as to whether or not APBT is the same as the American Staffordshire terrier. It is not recognized as a separate breed by the American Kennel Club.

According to Beddington, Rashbass, and Wilson (1992: 159), the nature of the well-known mouse mutant, Brachyury (T) in cloned mice is revealed by its sequence, which is “an open reading frame of 436 amino acids”. In the blastocyst stage embryo, this T gene is present in the inner cell mass, which is then followed by the primordial stripe. 

icit concern because harmful microbes may use them as an advantage to interfere with the working of antibiotics, which may lead to critical illnesses and,eventually, death. This is a report of the contents of the article and analysis of its relevance to MBI 111 Course. Gautam,

in order to estimate the transition rate by physical activity level pooled 3 non-overlapping follow-up periods of 12 years where each period started with a measurement of physical activity. Assessment of physical activity was done basically through questionnaire and calculations

The two species of worm used in this technology are the Lubricous rubeellus (Red earthworm) and Eisenia foetida (Red wigglers); these species are

This is a lab report on the evolution of Darwin Island and Wallace Island finches. It represents a critical analysis of experiments on the effects of certain variables on finches living on these two islands. The central focus of these experiments was to hypothesize that precipitation, land size and diet, among other variables.

The main objective of the camp is to educate interested students on various aspects of the marine environment. Each day in the three weeks had a task assigned, and hence I had a lot to learn. On the first day, we were educated on the

Alder-Reilly anomaly is as a result of a defect involving complexes of protein-carbohydrate, which is termed as mucopolysaccharides (Hudnall 102). It is a rare disorder and autosomal

As noted in the article, less than fifty percent of individuals living with the virus in the region are aware of their status. There are devastating consequences of lack of awareness of the virus in the region. As noted, about 25 percent of individuals that started ART in various social statuses had a CD4 count less than 100 cells/ul (Haskew et al. 1).

Vaccines work by allowing the internal immune system to recognize dangerous cells and then create antibodies to handle the harmful cells without harming the body itself. Vaccines have different types and methods by which they help a subject fight off an infection or a disease that has entered the body (Wikipedia, 2007).

The author states that ecological samplings also revealed that chlamydiae can be found in the environment including freshwater, soil, sewage and water conduit systems. The pathogenic chlamydiae are more confined on humans and other mammals whereas the environmental chlamydiae naturally occur within phylogenetically different host organisms.

Consumers are organisms that survive by eating other dead or alive organism. Owl, bird, mice, spider and ladybird are consumers. Detritivores are organism that feed on decomposing matter, mainly dead plant or

For aerobic germination the three elements are essential while for anaerobic air is not necessary (Bewley 1985). The experiment was aimed at determining the amount of CO2 gas

From an ethical/ moral point of view, man's role in society is that of a steward, which requires them to take the responsibility of protecting the environment and animals. However, similar to the treatment received by the animals subjected to biomedical research, humans have been the major destroyers of the environment and animal life.

Digestion is the process of breaking down food mechanically or through enzymes in the alimentary canal into small and soluble substances. An enzyme is a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to cause a particular biochemical reaction. The digestion of proteins starts in the stomach and ends in the small intestine

It is in effect a feedback mechanism. 2. Why has the newt developed a level of toxicity much higher than that necessary to kill most predators? What selective pressure is the newt exposed to? - A newt is engaged in escalation of evolutionary change

The portrait reveals a scientific approach to human identity and the fact that the DNA codes represent the genetic information of individuals. Precisely, DNA is a carrier of genetic information concerning information and technology can decode the information to reveal the identities of people. Strange Vision is a collection of portraits that the artist made from an assembly of DNA information from collected specimens of individuals.

In this study, the hypothesis centered on the use of macromolecular crowding in facilitating the production of an ECM-rich cell sheet. The cell is detached by altering the temperature around 32 oC while treatment is not offered to the protease. It happens for less than thirty minutes in an enzyme or chelating agent free environment.

Slide 3 The goblin shark was named by David Jordan in 1898, after the Japanese researcher Kakichi Mitsukuri, who discovered it in the catch of fishermen around the bay of Tokyo. The shark was considered to be the sole living

Although one might look at the diversity of plant and animal life and find it overwhelming within the construct of ecology and evolutionary biology, the fact of the matter is that the diversity that is represented can ultimately be biologically explained through the identifiers of speciation, environment as an agent of selective pressure, dispersal, and species interactions/community structures.