Biology Essays

The Golgi mechanical assembly is made out of interconnected sacs called cisternae. Its shape can be identified with that of a stack of flapjacks. The quantity of these stacks changes with the particular capacity of the cell. The cell utilizes the Golgi contraption. The area of the Golgi contraption is known as the cis confront.

An octopus has four pairs of arms, two arms and is bilaterally symmetrical. At the center point of its arms is the mouth, with the octopus also known to have a hard beak. The arms have special suction cups (Campbell & Reece, 2005, p. 78). During reproduction, the

There is ocean of data available in various database generated from genome projects worldwide. In almost all organism most of the genome contains valuable information pertaining to a specific function or mere data that has not been deciphered. In the recent decades, advancements in the field of molecular biology coupled with Information technology enabled rapid sequencing of large genome data sets.

Every cell of the living organism contains chromosomes in the nucleus which present with DNA molecules. The genes encoded in the DNA are transmitted from parents to the offspring by reproduction which means that the basic elements of heredity are genes. The study of genes or the elements of heredity is called genetics.

The morphological characteristics of these indicators organisms include small, rod-shaped, no-spore forming bacteria which test negative to Gram staining. The most important biochemical characteristic of indicator organisms is the ability to ferment lactose with the production of acid and gas which is detectable through a 24-48 hour incubation period at 37 degrees.

At some point, the Food and Drugs Administration in the United States organized open meetings in most parts of the country to seek opinions from the people on the issue of whether they should be allowed or banned. Most people were against their existence in the country and made pleas to the government for them to be highly regulated.

It is essential to notice that the fact that Wakefield obtained monetary benefits for carrying out his research against the MMR vaccine makes it clear that his research is flawed due to a conflict of interest. Other scientific bodies further investigated the link between autism and MMR vaccination and found none.

Comparison of the intra-operative ultrasound with palpation practices, radioguided occult lesion localization and wire-guided localization of

This concept broadly explains the reasons for resemblance amongst the members of the same species hence formation of phonetic clusters to differ from others. In the event of breeding between two organisms, the genes are inherited by the offspring. Repetition of breeding

This study divided citizens of the Marshall Islands into “exposed” and “control” groups and measured the short and long term effects of radiation exposure and fallout,

According to the writer, bragging about how much you can drink is like bragging about having red hair or being tall. It’s now proven this has nothing to do with being strong or weak. This finding changes the perception that people who can’t “handle” their liquor are somehow weak in other areas of life.

The procedure and results of the experiment are briefly explained in easy words right at the beginning of the article so that readers get maximum information in the first few seconds of reading. The editors have written how the mice that had been bred to be more exercise-loving over generations (high voluntary wheel-running).

There are various designs that evidently can be used to determine the issues that cause environmental conflicts and how they can be resolved. These designs can considerably be short time or long term effective towards the goal of achieving environmental peace. The

Severe clinical manifestations of the disease in form of fever, hemorrhagic fever and shock leading to morbidity and mortality added to the lack of drugs or vaccine has made

on that poor ovarian response to controlled hyper ovarian stimulation is regarded to be due to advanced reproductive aging; and follicular atresia is viewed to be a default mechanism, while AFC is considered as a marker of ovarian reserve and sono AVC. Consequently, the patients

Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic condition in which a person produces very thick and sticky mucus. Usually, the mucus flows easily and helps to trap bacteria and dirt particles but in a person with cystic fibrosis, the mucus is sticky and hence it is difficult to regulate. It is a genetic disorder hence most of the time it is passed from the parents to the offspring.

According to the findings, it can, therefore, be said that people have greatly benefited from the innovations spurred on by the study of nature, especially plants. In fact, the opportunity for rediscovering new and useful technologies from nature is so great that a new body of science has been established: Biomimetics.

Germination of seeds requires the presence of water or moisture, adequate oxygen and optimum temperature. Additionally, some seeds may require proper lighting while others require

When a person is suffering from an airborne disease, they spread the pathogens through coughing, sneezing and in some cases even talking. Diseases such as tuberculosis and flu are spread in such a manner. When a healthy

As a result, the weak one will begin to die slowly as the stronger paramecium quickly takes control of the available natural resources competitively. I considered that in the case that the Paramecium species are grown

The cardiac is a special muscle that contracts continually without taking a break, and the importance of the cycle is to maintain blood flow to an individual and supply blood

Other than the economic impact and the sociological implications, why should physicians and dentists be concerned about halitosis? Physicians and dentists are concerned about halitosis because the mouth is home to hundreds of bacterial species with various nutritional preferences. Most of them prefer proteins or sugar molecules.

In biodiversity, people look at the short-term benefit of their action, which is similar to the java zone farmers who cut down the forest not caring for the long-run impacts. Cutting down the trees negatively affects biodiversity, given that they are natural habitats of some other creatures such as birds and mammals. Is it right to compromise biodiversity to increase the sales volume of coffee?

The male reproductive system includes the testes (which produce sperm), penis, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts and urethra. The female reproductive system consists of the ovaries (which produce eggs or oocytes), fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina and vulva. 

Setting the venous resistance at low values would reduce the ventricular function together with the heart rate. This means that the increasing venous resistance has minimum influence on the blood pressure. Setting the venous resistance at high values may alter the blood pressure.

The chosen concepts for the redesign are greenhouse effects and climate change. Uploading of high-quality video that present a theory-based lesson on greenhouse effects on YouTube is the first step in the design. New students can then watch and download the material, which

Throughout his life, he showed interest in nature and did frequent experimental work on the same and other subjects. He studied plant physiology and embryology and was the first to prove it. He made various publications on nature, such as the Catalogue of Cambridge Plants in 1660 and 1713’s Synopsis Methodica Avium et Piscium.

“Pesticides also adversely affect humans” (Carlile, 2006). When the contaminated water is drained into rivers, livings things, if not killed, also confront the impact of contamination. When a human consumes these contaminated living creatures, the harmful pesticides reach the inner system of human which cause a major health risk issue.

College biology is a difficult and demanding course with many students struggling to grasp the basic concepts. However, it is important that the students master them early to avoid difficulties in later semesters when the courses become more advanced and challenging. Grades can then suffer as students struggle with the early concepts.

Mammalian HDPs also play a number of immunomodulatory functions such as altering host gene expression, inhibiting lipopolysaccharides induced proinflammatory cytokines production a well as promoting faster wound healing. Host defence peptides have been shown to be vital in prevention and clearance of infection.

Personal hygiene prevents autoinfection with bacteria. Regular and thorough washing of hands with soap and water, cleaning and disinfection of the clockrooms and bathrooms minimizes risk of feco-oral infections. Garments are

has been rapid advances in food technology, with processing and packaging techniques to help ensure the safety and wholesomeness of the food supply as more convenient food. In spite of these advances, contamination of the food supply by either naturally happening or

Blood from the right atrium enters right ventricle, and from there is pumped through the pulmonary artery to lungs to get oxygenated. From lungs, blood returns via pulmonary vein to the left atrium, through left ventricle and finally pumped via

The Cry1Ab is a gene found in the transgenic maize species and through PCR its detection is possible. After DNA is extracted from the maize, gel electrophoresis is done using agarose gel for the visibility of the DNA strands. A photograph of the amplified genes is then taken using a UV Transilluminator.  

This paper will discuss the genetic disorder in general and Hemophilia type A in particular. The symptoms, treatment and management of the

This amino acid sequence codes for the gene known as recA and its loci are p33156, (the p arm of chromosome 33 loci 156. It is important to note that this particular gene is found in Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58 (essentially recombinase A)which is a genetically engineered organism.

The secondary structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase protein comprises two sheets, two beta hairpins, two beta bulges, seven strands, fifteen helices, twenty-eight helix-helix interactions, twenty beta turns and two gamma turns. It also has a potassium ion ligand. The catalytic residues of the enzyme are Glu279(A) - His275(A).

However, the protection does not last a life-time. Whilst vaccines accelerate the release of antibodies to fight the pathogens, their effect in the body is short lived, as with time, the pathogens

The steps the country took following the invasion are also examined. Finally, a critique of these steps is established. Ultimately, it’s demonstrated that New Zealand took effective and efficient steps in the attacking the invasive species. The Mediterranean fruit fly is

The importance of the biological process comes from the fact that hormones, genes, brain cells, and other biological factors are associated with everything a human being thinks and feels, due to excitement, fatigue, or anxiety. In short, understanding behavior and the mental process require the relationship between the organ system and cells with the activities of the group in the social context.

White vinegar is commonly used that is composed of naturally obtained acetic acid that is diluted with water. Vinegar has many health benefits. Apple cider vinegar is found to reduce the body fat content and increase

The lumber industry in Michigan was dependent on the weather due to their reliance on “good winter snowfall” (Michigan Historical Museum). Essentially it was the runoff of that snow that would enable the loggers to properly float the logs they have cut downriver. 

singly becoming an issue of concern because of their well-documented toxicological as well as carcinogenic effects besides the rising environmental levels via industrial pollution. It has been broadly emphasized that such metals may be genotoxic by numerous modes of action and

This paper draws its comprehension of the phenomenon of using stem cell technology a case study done by doctors in São Paulo, Brazil. Recently, clinical experiments with stem cells have engaged the

Cells are micro organisms comprises a nucleus, and other nutrients. An animal and a plant cell differ according to the structure and plant cells differ widely by the presence of chloroplast which helps them during photosynthesis. Nowadays technology in biomedical and  biochemical fields have introduced the culturing of cells, which helps them a lot in variety of applications such as therapeutics and vaccinations. 

Genetics is a leap forward in the field of medical science. While man travels as far off as planet Pluto to discover the Universe we live in, it is the study of the body and its genetic makeup that is the breakthrough of the century. Researchers, today, aim to find solutions to genetic disorders through the study of genes.

Cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki is witnessing a massive decline in its allocation as well as profusion all through the western United States. Reports reveal an enormous loss of various species of the organism over the past century and only 2 out of 13 species are displaying a steady rise in their number.

Although all viruses are not harmful to other life forms, there are a number of common human diseases such as common cold, influenza (flu), stomach flu (gastroenteritis), ear infections as well as serious and life-threatening diseases like AIDS, Ebola, smallpox, SARS, hepatitis and many more that are a result of virus infections.

Directional selection of the egg size favors large eggs which can survive on the seeds of Parkisonia florida because larvas from small eggs are not competent to penetrate the seed coats for

Cattle are called ruminants, which mean that they have four stomachs. The first of the four stomachs are filled with symbiotic, good microorganisms that help cattle to breakdown cellulose. Cellulose is the most abundant compound on the