Philosophy Essays

Abortion: Right or Wrong? Abortion is still much debated, even if timely abortion has been legalized in some advanced countries like the United States. Meanwhile, major religious institutions, including Christian Churches, strongly oppose abortion along the theological reason that fetuses have souls which need saving and caring.

It was even doubted greatly by skeptic scientists. The life after death seems to be hard to be proven. It may or may not exist. Some naturalists may just say that life will just cease once biological death approaches and consciousness will fade too.

He always believed in the notion that a leader should be able to do anything in order to protect state protocol. This is inclusive of corruption and other forms of injustices as long as his kingdom remains controlled effectively. He also argues that injustices shaped the perception of people towards respect of authority.

They broke up because of some misunderstanding but I thought it was because of their constant fights although they were in public. I heard from other neighbors that she was so confused about whether to have the baby aborted or not, for she was still in university at that time. Michelle’s father was just an ordinary office worker and her mother was a plain housewife and a mother of four small children.

Alfred Whitehead once noted, “What is morality in any given time and place? It is what the majority then and there happen to like and immorality is what they dislike” (Feldman 2012). For purposes of this brief response, this author will seek to provide a distance from the point of view that morality is all defined within the context of the times or unique circumstances and/or situations; i.e.

One of the most influential works that have been written in the history of political literature, Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: with Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects was one of the earliest works that looked at the conditions that women lived in. it is thus one of the earliest works to articulate feminist sentiments.

Individualism entails a number of issues including individual’s freedom of choice, self-reliance, autonomy, and self-responsibility, which are virtues that uniquely identifies an individual from collectivism. The most important virtue of individualism is self-reliance that Emerson extensively explains in details.

In general terms, time can be defined as the continuous chain of events taking place; that is the past, the present, and the future. However, the definition of “time” can be narrowed down into chronological, psychological, and absolute forms. A common definition of psychological time entails varying forms of the subject.

First Dworkin admits the dependence of a person on psychoactive drugs is to protect and shield oneself from imponderable and unpredictability. He asserts that if happiness is serotonin and serotonin is happiness then it is true to say that these drugs guarantee happiness because one can take psychopathic drugs for many years.

Main objective behind elucidating the topic under consideration includes the exploration of the reasons behind the presentation of various characters in a stereotyped way in the media programs meant for the children in a traditional and conventional way, in the light of the personal views the writers, promoters and directors maintain with regard to the people belonging to the divergent ethnic, racial, regional and religious groups, and communities, as well as the members of both the genders at large.

In order to render an in-depth argumentative perspective pertaining to the terms prior and posterior knowledge along with epistemology, different viewpoints will be studied. The terms prior and posterior are essentially used in the field of philosophy. These concepts are a fundamental part of knowledge that shares different meanings.

To begin with, d’Anconia argues that money could be denoted as a tool of exchange that is lifeless, and as such is not in a position to understand the concepts of an individual in terms of needs and wants. In essence, the industrialist argues that in the event that an individual does not have the codes of value through the evasion of the knowledge to acquire values necessary in life, he or she should be aware that the latter cannot be acquired even in presence of money (Rand 100).

Essentially, prior to discerning the chief grounds on why distinctions must be drawn between ‘knowing how’ and ‘knowing that’, one has to figure readily that ‘knowing how’ is inclined to constitute a bulk of performances or executions made whereas ‘knowing that’ is in reference to a set or collection of theories known.

In this respect, it is necessary to understand the impression Nagarjuna had of emptiness as opposed to Buddhist original ideas (Olson 167). Nagarjuna began by showing that emptiness or Sunyata is the idea of nothingness just like blowing a balloon using human breath and when it reaches its maximum it bursts releasing nothing.

Globalization refers to the intensification of worldwide social relations linking distant localities, and it refers to the compression of the world into one village with the spread of the Western culture being the central goal. Globalization has crucial economic, political and cultural dimensions, and the living conditions of the people residing in localities are affected by global processes (Eriksen).

However, many people have an image of predator on a prey as far as reporting a tragedy is concerned. It is popularly known that journalists are more interested in selling their newspapers and appearing at the top in ratings than reducing the damage their stories could be causing to the subjects (Tandon, 2007).

The reasons why hospitals need an oversight ethics committee are: fundamental Devotion to Patients: Every health center is devoted to offering value care that is receptive, empathetic, punctually delivered, and cost efficient. The mission of health care centers charges them to be devoted to the care and enhancement of human living.

Plato believed that the human person is basically a soul because it’s the strongest of all and remains immortal. This clearly creates the relationship of mind and body to be of the significance of hindrance. The human person is only able to reach its core excellence within a group setting. The reason why the soul of a person will be distracted.

Epicureanism is a school of thought, that is grouped under Hedonism, but is markedly more moderate in the principles it espouses. As opposed to Hedonism, which is living life for the sole purpose of sensory enjoyment, 'restraint', 'control' and 'moderation' are the keywords describing Epicureanism, that the researcher uses in his study.

Why? Philosophers have different views on what is the nature of man. Some would say that man is naturally good from the point of nativity. They are compelled by an instinct to have morally acceptable behavior. Some though, would also argue that man does not have any sense of being good or bad from birth.

What is justice for Socrates and Augustine? Who (or what) is the highest authority to judge? Justice is a term that has complex meanings and implications that differ significantly depending on the individual. For one individual justice may be seen through the law, for another through society and for yet another through religion.

Women in combat positions: Women should be respected as women, not because they can emulate being a man Women are currently barred from serving in more than 220,000 positions in the United States military. This is due to policy that was revised 17 years ago in which women are barred from serving in infantry positions, special forces, tanks, combat engineering and other specialized ground combat positions.

Rousseau’s General wil. l A controversial French philosopher, Jean-Jacques Rousseau focused most of his writings on modern thoughts regarding politics, education and literature. Born in 1712, Rousseau spent most of his life in Italy, Switzerland and France where he worked as a secretary, later as a tutor and finally as a music teacher.

Having a government is really needed in running a nation as it is the group primarily responsible for the welfare of the society to which it belongs. It drives the country towards certain growth and development by setting goals and working upon them. Different countries have different ways of choosing their leaders as the spearhead of the government.

The fourth confirmation of the existence of God dealt with the moral arguments while the fifth and final ideology came from teleological arguments. Generally, in his proofs, Aquinas describes the assumed existence of a God who does not at all depend on the world or the universe or the processes ensuing in it.

Theories of mind-body are putative solutions to problems associated with mind-body. These mind-body theories can also be referred to as metaphysical theories. Science gives two options of research on the possibility of mind-body problem being interceptable.

The speech is rhetorical and employs techniques to stir the passions of people rather than any scientific understanding of military and diplomatic strategies. This was characteristic of the regimes that followed a fascist ideology as far as governance was concerned.

Different scholars have put across different philosophies that describe and elaborate on the importance and the role of law. While there is an agreement regarding a certain aspect of the role of law for by the scholars, other aspects differ, depending on the scholars’ perception of the society and its relationship to the state of nature.

Argumentative discussion of controversial issue of science and religion’s current conflict tend to emphasize the real factors that undermine each field’s reputation. This discussion will analyze some important details that brought the issue more controversial.

The majority of Mediterranean cultures during and before this era utilized religion primarily to explain different aspects of life. However, individuals in the Greek community began to explore and discover new methodologies to explain different events. They substituted ideas from poems and scriptures, with the logical reasoning, sensory observation and contemplation to derive sense of reality.

There are a number of theories have been developed, using differing approaches and concepts, to determine one of the most intrinsic and essential arguments. Does man have free will? Does true freedom exist? Determinists would tell you no. There is no such thing as freedom and free will; it is an illusion of our perception.

The distinction is that whatever it is that he fashions out of the common lot in nature, removed from that which nature provides in common with all other men, is his. This is the spring of the notion of property as it is envisioned by Locke.

Descartes observes that “all that I have, up to this moment, accepted as possessed of the highest truth… I received either from or through the senses. However… these sometimes misled us” (Wall 215).  Descartes aimed at replacing the causal details in physics and gaining favor from Aristotle philosophers through mechanistic justifications based on geometry.

Back in 1917, Albert Einstein is seen to have introduced a theory in which he proposed that the universe was essentially static. This theory was taken seriously by most astronomers and various scientists and upheld as being acceptable knowledge. However, this theory has recently been proven to be entirely wrong and a new theory has been developed alluding to the fact that the universe is not static.

It is suggested that Voltaire only thought of God as a force that might have started the universe because there has to be some explanation for how everything started. But, this view can hardly be counted as proof. All three major religions Judaism, Christianity, and Islam share a similar view about God’s existence which is that there is only one God or supreme force in the world.

Existentialism is categorized into two theories upon which its philosophical arguments are based; that is, “theistic and atheistic existentialism.” The former appeals to the existence of the sovereign God but states that God’s existence is only relevant for creation purposes but it is a man who determines his own existence.

The constructivist epistemology is rooted in the theory that children build knowledge. Gaining knowledge is distinct from constructing meaning. The latter arises within the child, and the former arises outside and is explored. According to constructivism, there is no such thing as ‘absolute’ reality or truth (Purdy 1992).

John Rawls theory of justice as fairness is defended as the best conception of justice in the community. He pioneered the discussion of distributive justice and has been described as an indisputably the most influential political philosopher of the 20th century.

Socrates Discourse Plato’s Apology is not merely the frustrated babblings of a convict condemned to death penalty, but rather the emphatic outpourings of an enlightened soul delving on the quintessential aspects of life. In the very beginning of his apology, Socrates does away with an immediate rancor against his oppressors, by declaring the charges attributed to him as the outcome of a timeless conflict of ideas and values, thereby elevating his trial to a level much above the task of meting out justice to a common convict.

An example of such a system is utilitarianism, where a correct action is one that results in the greater good of the community (Rainbow, 2011). The deontological system is one which primarily follows rules, and justice of morality (Rainbow, 2011). Virtue ethics is a system which relies on the innate goodness of a person, and actions stem from spontaneous goodness (Rainbow, 2011).

In this discussion, they expound on what defines piety. This discussion, however, ignites more questions than its solution. Socrates asks whether something is pious because it is adored by the gods or gods love a pious element because it is one. However, this does not explain the requirements of piety.

Bernays would go on to implement many of Freud’s theories of psychology in appealing – some would argue manipulating – the American populace. In addition to being influenced by Sigmund Freud’s theories, Bernays was the first person to publish Freud’s works in the United States.

This is philosophy that is concerned with enabling individuals to find self and attach meaning to life through choice, will and personal responsibility. This philosophy is embarked on the belief that individuals try to attach meaning to their life experiences, on the basis of their outlook, experiences and beliefs.

(You can’t take an incidental reference to the weather as your starting point.) The claim, and any other material from any resource, must be used in light of the author’s own understanding. (You can’t twist the author’s words or take things out of context.) You must announce your thesis as the final sentence of the first paragraph of your paper.

Born at Florence in 1469, Machiavelli became a witness of how Italy was engulfed in chaos and how it was invaded continuously by its neighboring countries. These events opened his eyes and caused him to look for ways of reverting Italy back to its peaceful condition.

Moral nihilism is the view that nothing is intrinsically immoral or moral. Moral nihilists consider morality as something that gets constructed through a set of rules and recommendations. Nietzsche is not a moral nihilist. He states nihilism as absolute valuelessness, or that nothing has a meaning.  

The leading focus has been placed on technology that entertains and makes business transactions easier. The economic and psychological comfort is abetted by the technological advances created to highlight the faults presented in the existing system. However, there are limited presentations within the technology developed to be ranked as outstanding among the given list.

These animals are as ubiquitous as they are misunderstood. Walking down any street you will see countless of these animals, that have been bred for little other than human use, utility or enjoyment accompanied by owners who often do not know the first thing about properly caring for said animals.

However, there are several others who disagree with this idea and believe that abortion is morally permissible since a fetus is just an insubstantial material with no actual life of its own as it is dependent completely on its mother’s body for endurance.

Aquinas’ cosmological argument begins with an objection that concludes that God does not exist, and this is followed by the contention that there is no need to suppose God’s existence because everything is simply human reason or will. However, Aquinas quotes from the Book of Exodus in the Bible a statement that contradicts the first two conclusions.