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There are no written records from Socrates himself. However, most of the knowledge and teachings from Socrates are available to modern-day readers from the dialogues that he held with his famous pupil, by the name Plato, who lived in the periods of 427 BC to 347 BC. Also, more knowledge about the teachings and life of Socrates is available through the memoirs of Xenophon (Aristophanes, Irvine, and Plato 14).
Searle’s (1980) Reply to the query “Could a machine think?” by saying, “… only a machine could think” (p. 417, 431) could be easily misconstrued to mean that Searle’s reply is affirmative. Yet, further examination of his reply would show that he is strongly saying otherwise – a stance that has triggered varied counter-reactions until now.
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How Does a Person Live a Meaningful Life? Many lives are wasted everyday because of a lack of meaning and a lack of direction. Oftentimes, the person does not know what he wants in life, or keeps changing his decisions, perhaps because the conscious and unconscious do not seem to agree with each other.
The utilitarian rule follows the golden rule of Christ that states that one should love ones’ neighbor as he loves himself. Therefore, utilitarian concept is regarded to that act that is viewed to be morally right and will produce more good. My example of moral judgment will originate from a practical scenario-a runway trolley.
Global dynamics have changed over the years. The way people think and behave, their sense of right and wrong, their views on the good and the bad, all of this has changed over time. Things that people perceived as wrong in the past are now viewed as tolerable and acceptable. This change in the way people think has brought about numerous challenges which leaders have to face.
The EEOC, in its court application against the restaurant chain, insists that Hooters was breaching Civil Rights laws as long as male employees did not comprise 40 per cent of its workforce (Nations Restaurant News, 1995). The regulatory commission also ordered that Hooters pay aver $22 million in back-pay fund, which EEOC will allegedly use to compensate men who claimed to have been victimized by the Hooters policy of hiring only women to serve (Nations Restaurant News, 1995).
According to the report st. Augustine created his own theory of good and evil and provided us with his unique explanation of the essence of these phenomena. He proposed many interesting arguments. This theme was important for Augustine as he was very sinful until realized the essence of God and religion.
Yet, in all ages and times there happened to be people that did not shun away the onus of exposing the wrongs and misdeeds that they came across in the society, even when threatened with dire consequences. In the very same vein, Socrates in Plato’s Apology chooses to act a whistleblower to the lies prevalent in the society of his times.
Effect of Color on Culture. A given color can carry diverse meanings in different cultures. For example, orange color is a positive, life affirming and spiritual enlightening color in some cultures. However, in the United States, the same color is associated with road hazards, fast food restaurants and delay of traffics.
The belief mechanism is always supported by realism. Hume gathers enough evidence for his readers to identify the presence of God via his attributes in the universal facts. Cleanthes presents forth his argument with factual happenings hence; his philosophy entails the example of the ‘complex order of the universe and its smooth running’.
Christian Sommers is definitely persuasive and an anti-feminist as she has argued that average women aspire nothing like a feminist. The author is right in her argument as social institutions are the foundation of a society. She is arguing for the liberation of women in a liberal way and she intends to protect families and societies.
While this may have been the case, Hitchens seems to have had an advantage over Blair from the very beginning of the debate because the former was suffering from terminal cancer. In addition, Toronto, which was the location of the debate, is a fairly secular place, hence providing Hitchens with the necessary following to win the debate.
Freedom of will is, beyond doubt, a desirable trait. Enjoyment of freedom of will ensures satisfaction of second and higher order desires, whereas its absence means their frustration.
This paper reviewed and analyzed the presence of alienation in modern student-workers and found that tough economic realities are forcing pupils to engage in work and therefore, their ability as a student suffers while they also fail to meet their potential. An engaged student is noticed to suffer social, professional, and personal loneliness.
This organization has the reputation of providing high quality services for over 38 years in the area of behavioral health services, including “counseling for adult and children” (2013). Funding of the System: Funding of Horizon Human Services derives mainly from governmental organizations such as the “ADHS, DES-CSA” to provide the services for victims of problems like “domestic violence” (Domestic Violence Services, 2013).
People might argue that this is not ethical, nor is it called for, but the truth is that a majority of criminal lie on a daily basis. This means that the police officers should try establishing if the suspect in deed is the perpetrator of the crime in question.
In this regard, the approaches and principles of two basketball coaches that include Coach Wooden and Phil Jackson have been studied to determine the techniques that are used to improve and motivate players. In this regard, it has been viewed that the coaches adopt and implement certain similar and dissimilar techniques along with approaches to train employees and also to improve their skills.
Descartes observes that “all that I have, up to this moment, accepted as possessed of the highest truth… I received either from or through the senses. However… these sometimes misled us” (Wall 215). Descartes aimed at replacing the causal details in physics and gaining favor from Aristotle philosophers through mechanistic justifications based on geometry.
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Cellphone changes everyone’s life and it is the main point of this paper to provide the relevant information linked to the cultural worth of this object by considering its historical importance and theoretical importance.
Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Women and Leadership For the last few decades, women across the globe have been battling for equality with their male counterparts, who often assume that it is their right to be at the top. However, despite the time being taken to fight this battle, it is far from over as key leadership positions are still being filled by men.
Free Will.
Free will is a necessary requirement for moral responsibility. A morally responsible individual is a person who does not only do the right thing but also is accountable for his or her moral conduct. Thus, free will is the ability of persons to exercise control over their conduct in a manner necessary for moral responsibility.
In this respect, it is necessary to understand the impression Nagarjuna had of emptiness as opposed to Buddhist original ideas (Olson 167). Nagarjuna began by showing that emptiness or Sunyata is the idea of nothingness just like blowing a balloon using human breath and when it reaches its maximum it bursts releasing nothing.
Citing the example of the negation with regards to the existence of devil-loving demonic witches has strictly been observed by the modern scientific evidence, eliminative materialism claims that the non-existence of the state of mind will also be proved by modern science with the passage of time (Mind as Myth, 145-46).
Plato could add some subsidiary traits to the ‘form’ and its cognitive conception process in man. In order to understand how Plato’s theory of knowledge explains the limitations of Aristotle’s concept of knowledge and reality, it is necessary to have a clear idea of the conflicts between Plato’s and Aristotle’s views of realities and knowledge.
Through Meditation III, Descartes brings across two essential inquiries for which the two proofs of God’s existence make exact correspondence. First, he expresses the aim of determining whether or not God exists and if this prior requisite were satisfied, then the philosopher may proceed to query on whether or not the same God is capable of deceiving him.
The major query is brought across – how then can space be possibly perceived as designated in the situation? Based on Kant’s defining statement, space is assumed with a capacity to coordinate everything of physical or tangible worth. The term orientation as we apply it in the phrase ‘spatially oriented’ could have been the closest.
In the book The Road to Serfdom, the author points out at pertinent issues which need to be addressed as far as acquisition of happiness and humankind peace are concerned. To make the issues come out clearly, he examines certain attitudes as usually displayed by man regarding man’s efforts to have peace and live in happiness.in regard to this, he points out that “Planning is the grand panacea of our age.
It emphasizes the fact that the fires and plane crushes were the main cause of the collapse of the buildings. They continued further to explain that once the initiation of collapse had been initiated the global collapse of the structure was unavoidable. However, other analysts have deferred to this notion and they have categorically stated it.
What Makes Right Acts Right and Wrong Acts Wrong?
Mug shots have been a subject of discussion, regarding their appropriateness or inappropriateness in being published by sites that require payment to pull them down. While the legal argument is that mug shots are public documents that are within the public domain, and that the mug shot sites does no wrong in republishing them, the ethical question that comes to the fore is whether asking for payment to remove the mug shot of an individual from a mug shot site is right or wrong (Segal, n.p.).
However, this improvement appears to be on the miniscule scale of drawing a cartoon face or taking “his thumb out of his mouth for minutes at a time” (187). Mrs. Adler cannot promise Harry a cure, or a normal life for his son. She fails to give him a definite assurance that Tommy was “ever going to be like everybody else” (189).
Majority of theories are presented through generalized abstracts illustrating the theorist’s conclusion or view over particular phenomenon and/or estimated/ forecasted strategies of achieving and understanding the same phenomenon but on a broader perspective.
Various claims as highlighted in the essay try to prove that lesbians in reality are not women. One of these reasons is that lesbians are not real women, as to be real, argues hale, one has to have the characteristics of a woman (Hale 47). He argues that many people agree that heterosexuals are in fact not real women.
George Berkeley was educated at Kilkenny School and later joined Trinity College, where he was able to attain his Bachelors’ and Masters’ degrees in divinity. After achieving his education to that level, he became an Irish Bishop, he was later ordained as an Anglican priest in 1710. Berkeley was a great philosopher with many philosophical achievements under his theories of idealism and immaterialism.
A person undergoes a rite of passage that eventually reforms his mindset in matters about knowledge and religion. Therefore, becoming a philosopher is not a complicated affair because it only requires critical thought and contemplation. This leads to being cautious with gurus. For instance, in India, a guru or a wise man is a revered person with followers comprising mostly young people.
This is through the analysis of his objections and replies as written in his meditations on the First Philosophy book. This is after the book was circulated for a collection of objections upon which he provided his replies. Most of the people who read the meditations did not agree with some of the philosophical theories built by Descartes.
Initially, SUVs were built on light truck platforms unlike currently when they are built on car platforms with no separate frame. In this paper we are looking at ethical argument on SUVS critically discussing the importance and disadvantage hence finally giving recommendations on sport utility vehicle.
According to the United States census, a person is referred to as Hispanic if they are of Mexican, Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Spanish or Central American origin. This is regardless to their races. Ethics emanates from peoples culture. Culture is described as the daily norms among a particular community.
Singer’s argument is also based upon the Utilitarianism ideology of taking those actions which are essential and necessary for the benefit of the greater number of people. The basic argument that the rich in developed countries should donate a portion of their income to help poor in developing countries to at least enjoy those things which are bare essential for their survival.
Early philosophies help to show the similarities and differences between the ancient and current moral and political thoughts. They also show how different concepts have been shifting with time and help people to find new ideas by applying the old ones. There two great philosophers who have contributed a lot of philosophical or political ideologies in history which are applicable in the current world namely; John Stuart Mill's and his philosophy of Utilitarianism and Immanuel Kant who greatly discussed Metaphysics of Morals.
Ultimately, in seeking to define nihilism, it must be understood that the term itself comes from Latin. At its most basic dictionary level of interpretation, nihilism can be understood as a belief or philosophy in/concerning “nothing”. Many individuals have wrongly understood this to mean that nihilism involves a belief or tacit acceptance of nothingness.
Here the conclusion is that since the sales associate says Weight Watchers is the best, then that claim must be true. This is relying on the authority of one person, the sales associate, and not considering that other points of view may yield different answers as to which program is the best (Bassham et al.)
I believe one’s actions are judged by their results rather than any universal law. Also, human beings by nature demand pleasure, and actions that lead to happiness are those that satisfy an individual physically as well as spiritually. Although the Utilitarian theory implies that the rights of some individuals may be compromised the majority do acquire happiness.
The fallacy that the speaker commits here is the oversimplified cause fallacy. First, the speaker believes that since the relationship went downhill at the same time that Lindsey went to university, then the university thing must have been the reason behind the failure of the relationship. These may have only been a coincidence, and that nobody could say that two events happening together in close succession would be both a cause and an effect.
This paper is based on examining educational philosophies. It is specifically dealing with Quebec education policy which was a form of education system aimed at producing competent individuals. The paper identifies some elements of Quebec and their weaknesses. It also explores the problems faced by the Quebec education system.
After the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was put into effect, freedom of speech was guaranteed as a basic fundamental liberty. Even before that President Roosevelt’s four freedoms speech spoke of the desired America where people had freedom of speech and opinion. Since then various theories have been presented regarding freedom of speech.
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No one can escape the phenomenon of death and therefore, this has become a dreaded circumstance for people. When faced with the knowledge of a malignant disease existing in an individual’s body, a person comes close to the realization that soon enough he will not be existing physically, that he will soon die.
Analogy of Being According to Aquinas.
In order to understand Aquinas’s doctrine on analogy of beings, it is crucial for one to first gain meaning of the terms that he uses to explain the doctrine. Firstly, Aquinas enlightens an individual on the existence of a relationship between man and God, which he terms as analogical.
Freud believed that personality is unconscious, hidden and unknown and that it is shaped by sexual drives thus the much focus on sex as a determinant of personality. His work is rooted in the nineteenth-century culture, science and philosophy more so because he was raised in Europe at a time when sexual repression was rampant and hysteria in women was common place.
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Freudians attributed a psychological origin to belief in God. This constituted their principal criticism of belief in God. In other words, Freudians contended that God was merely the projection of intense individual and unconscious desires. Thus, God was deemed to be nothing more than a wish-fulfillment that ensued from the immature needs for protection and security.
Aristotle certainly thinks it was such desire that inspired and drove him to investigate, seek answers, and reflect that eventually resulted in the writing of his Metaphysics. Aristotle thoroughly studied the concept of ‘knowledge’ in Metaphysics. He believes that human senses do not create wisdom, only experience.