Psychology Essays

The information processing theory is applicable in my life through the adoption of TOTE. In energy, goals are set, and resources are directed for their achievement. Thus, TOTE advises me that if I have tested a specific purpose and have not achieved it, I need to operate to complete the set goal. However, if the goal is not achievable after several attempts, I need to abandon it since continued testing is imprudent.

The vice president gave his approval because he believes that the previous department manager failed to make competent decisions and could not acquire adequate input and enough cooperation from the department employees. The project manager contacted the vice president and attempted to persuade him to postpone his demand for modifications, but he turns down the request.      

Antidepressants can only offer immediate relief while putting the patient at risk for health problems caused by the side effects of drugs. Many psychologists have resorted to nurturing positive emotions in the treatment of depression as it provides a natural way to treat the problem. Positive emotions will surely help to get rid of depression without the side effects.

This article examines the role played by ventrolateral, dorsolateral, and frontopolar prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions in both working (WM) and long-term memory (LTM). The researchers utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to make a comparison of whether the prefrontal cortex (PFC) exhibits activation that can only be realized through one memory domain (Braver et al., 2001).

Retrieval of information from a long term memory resembled the retrieval of information from a magnetic disk. The association effect appears to be more limited to semantic decisions and same-different judgments hence, providing means for the study of relations temporarily contagious (Meyer & Schvaneveldt, 1971). 

The meaning of work embedded in peoples life gives us the view that work and family systems influence and are influenced by cultural norms, values and gender role ideology. People from the underrepresented group experience unique career issues and stress which contribute to the meaning of work within the broader context of their lives.

People with dementia also constitute about half of all nursing home residents (AHCA, 2013); more than 40 per cent of assisted living residents (Caffrey et al., 2012); more than one-third of older recipients of Medicaid and another state-funded home- and community-based services (Fortinsky, Fenster, and Judge, 2004; Hirdes et al., 2004; Mitchell et al., 2006); and about half of all participants in adult day programs (O’Keefe and Siebenaler, 2006).

The teaching skill is essential since it gives the teacher a platform to express what he knows most simply so as the student might understand. The gift of teaching entails developing a relationship with the students while applying pedagogy. The b0ok acknowledges that education does not involve one person with more excellent knowledge transmitting it to others.

The study did not consider the effect of the other social factors, instead opting to keep them constant. The article implies that there is a need to establish ways of strengthening families so that divorces and single parenthood can be minimized, which will effectively help address the juvenile delinquency issue.

Some people have personalities that make them inclined towards confinement and solitary lifestyles, but they do not exhibit any negative psychiatric effects as a result of their behavior (Grassian, 2006). This is an aspect that needs to be explored further when discussing the psychiatric impacts of solitary confinement.

Assessments must be submitted via Blackboard. Go to the Blackboard folder for this module. Click on the assessments tab and choose the relevant assessment portfolio (1 or 2). Download the portfolio (a word document) then enter your answers to the questions in the portfolio. Once complete, upload the portfolio document onto blackboard for marking.

For example, in colleges, they focus more on teaching and research. Specialized fields like health focus assessing, evaluating and treating people with developmental challenges. There are several stages of development. Each stage has a basic value to be development and a psychological crisis. Failure to complete a stage result in difficulties in completing successive stages hence unhealthy personality and crisis in identity. (In Fiske,2010).

A person who has leadership skills can further improve on those skills by practicing. An individual should explore every opportunity that arises to practice the leadership skills they have learned in books. The third step in learning about leadership is being at ease with the art of public speaking.

People’s perceptions about other people to a large extend seem to be based on personal characteristics, for which most of the characteristics are due to personal life experiences. Gender, optimistic tendencies, relationship status, and attachment styles are all indicative of individual personalities.

Currently, he is struggling to overcome lost hope, low energy; depressed mood, and sleeping problems in the fight recover. In fact, his concentration has significantly changed. What is really weighing him down is the problem of depression because he is inert and most of the time sleeping or seated on a chair without getting engaged in any productive work.

It may be social factors that deprive people of choosing a profession according to their interests. Sometimes it may be certain psychological factors – people often misconceive their abilities or essence of the targeted professional sphere. According to the statistics, almost 70% of adolescents' dominant professional interests lie outside of the chosen profession.

According to Louis Thomas, Mark Doty, and John Nash, it is my inspiration to analyze how individuals keep working, get surprised by their work and look beyond surprises in the long run. In one of his essays” Crickets, bats, &chaos” Thomas initiates the inquiry into the behavior of his cat Jeoffrey. He wonders how to classify the mind of his cat which is an uncommon question in the first place. 

There are three approaches describing emotions in humans. The James-Lange theory, Cannon-Bard theory, Schachter-Singer approach, and Opponent Process Theory have great applications. The approaches help to explain the age effect on emotional recognition. The paper contains three studies that support the hypothesis.

This was an experiment with a 2 (Loneliness: lonely or non-lonely) X 2 (Age: 25-year-old and 45-year-old) design. The independent variables were loneliness and the age of the target person. The dependent variable was the rating of likeableness based on a Likert scale of 1 to 7, with one being not likable and seven being extremely likable.

The influence of chronic stress over the human organism is harmful. At the same time, hardly any people realize it. Instead of attempts to remove the chronic stressor, a lot of people try to treat its symptoms. Chronic stress may reveal itself in several different ways. As a rule, people under chronic stress indulge in coffee, smoking, alcohol, and sweets.

That is why the mechanism of moral decision making is really interesting to analyze. There are two basic approaches, describing this process. The first one, offered by Hume, insists that moral decisions and judgments are based on emotions and intuition. On the other hand, Kant states that moral judgment may be made through reasoning only.

Counselling is a remedy for psychological and behavioural problems, and it involves discussing the problem with a professional who helps to bring in change to end the predicament. The nature of counselling has developed dramatically since the wake of the nineteenth century, which brought about numerous technological developments.

Mental illnesses refer to the anomalies that affect the nervous system making it hard for an individual to function properly psychologically. They can also be referred to as mental or psychiatric disorders. Mental health is very crucial to an individual given that people make rational perceptions and coordination through proper mental energy.

Health anxiety (HA) refers to a condition in which people are preoccupied with the fear of contracting a severe disease (Bailey & Wells, 2015). It is also referred to as hypochondria. Some people even fear that they have already contracted the disease. In either case, there is no trace of organic pathology.

The year was 1998.  I recall it was my senior year, as well as my last day in high school. The class was told to write a letter to ourselves visualizing where we would expect to be in the next ten years.  The instructor told us that he was going to locate and mail those letters to us at the end of the ten years.

The dysfunctional relationship between spirituality, religiosity, and psychiatry has existed ever since the secularization of psychology in the era of psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud, who was fiercely critical of religion and religious claims, created a system of clinical practice devoid of attention to a person’s spirituality outside of considering those thoughts and desires as mere illusions.

The research procedure used in this study collects data about sensitive issues. Thus, it is necessary to ensure that the data is stored safely. It is also important that participants are debriefed properly after data collection and scoring are completed and should be helped to understand the meaning of their scores.

The study by Polman, de Castro and van Aken as discussed in the article looked at if watching video games versus playing them had an impact on aggressive behavior. This would take a look at children who were watching a peer play a game versus a child actually playing the game. The question at hand is the issue of whether or not simply watching a violent video game would also heighten aggressive behavior.

To find out which decision is moral and which one is not is often difficult even for those who possess rich moral experience and are ready to sacrifice their own interests for the sake of other people. A decision may be considered moral in case it corresponds to the following principles. These principles, elaborated by Kitchener, may be regarded as a guide for decision making.

When talking about criminal profiling, it is necessary to mention psychological autopsy, which is often referred to as its core component (Turvey, 2002). This may be defined as a thorough examination of the mental state of a victim. Its main purpose is to help investigators determine the nature of death.

It's pointed out that one of the more frequently referenced definitions is that knowledge is the understandings or ideas possessed by an entity, which are utilized in effecting action that seeks to achieve the entity’s goals and, in this case, the knowledge is specific to the entity responsible for its production.

The drinking motive that appears least problematic in terms of drinking-related problems is the social motive. Social motives for alcohol use are associated more with social-context drinking, rather than solitary drinking as with coping motives, while this motive is not predictive of drug use compared to both coping and enhancement motives.

The psychotic disorder is a word combination that frightens many people, but the families which have members with such mental health problems must resist this fact and provide assistance for the patient in any volume required and in accordance with the recommendations of the psychotherapist or psychiatrist.

According to the DSM, substance abuse is the consumption of a substance whereby the consumer uses the substance in quantities or uses methods harmful to their health or the health of others. According to the world health organization, substance misuse includes the utilization of a material substance for the function, which does not concur with the lawful or health stipulations.

I challenge the view that the absence of an organic brain necessarily implies the absence of a non-material soul. The patient lacks an organic brain but has a computer in its place. From the observations of the doctors and from my own assessment of the patient, I would quickly argue that the computer fulfills all the roles.

Suicide is the number ten cause of death in America. There are various reasons why people would resort to suicide. Major reasons why people commit suicide include mental illnesses, traumatic experiences, and family history of an individual. The rate of suicide continues to increase as people do not find ways of getting help. 

Through these conceptions and theories, anxiety is perceived differently. Although there are some commonalities in the understanding and definitions of anxiety, the differences are also worth noting. In this regard, it is important to note that there is no single universal definition of anxiety. Various definitions have emerged that consider anxiety from different perspectives and as having different elements.

When I was in high school, my friend lost his both parents. This period was very challenging for him, and it was manifested by his constant crying and drinking. To him, he saw life as meaningless, and he even contemplated committing suicide. Luckily, the guy went to a specialist for counseling, and he got the help he needed. Now I have the necessary knowledge that could have helped him.

Hope Group is a nongovernmental counseling group with the aim of putting smiling faces to all people in the society irrespective of background, social class, political, and cultural differences. We offer geriatric care with the aim of bringing back happiness to this population. We focus on addressing existential issues that the target group would at the one-time experience in their daily lives.

A child molester uses secrecy as a critical tool to both ensnare and entice their victims. Having a secret in childhood is the ultimate status symbol. It adds the feeling of importance, sense of control, and prestige too. Child molesters intend to slowly build the acceptance of the child of the need for secrets.

Requiring that the student inputs all their experiences and life in general often made it impossible to recall or summarise in one interview. Furthermore, participating students belonged to the same university, though from huge intense research, and the incorporation of the retrospective approach affected experience generalization.

Exercise majorly involves activities such as swimming, running, yoga, and bodybuilding. The process engages all parts of the body including the mind and the nerves; thus, allowing free circulation of blood and strengthens the physical muscles. Through exercise, Cardiac complications, such as a heart attack occur less frequently.

An action that results from a self-fulfilling prophecy itself produces the conditions for the occurrence of the expected event and creates a reality that would not have arisen without it. However, the self-fulfilling prophecy can work to produce a negative result. For example, if a person thinks he does not deserve it. It is true to conclude that positive thinking changes the way our mind functions altering our circumstances to our benefit.

It is essential to state that the results from the FMRI study Blakemore et al. (2000) received confirmed predictions scientists had made. All experimental groups demonstrated increased activity in the somatosensory cortex and the anterior cingulate gyrus when external tickling (Blakemore et al. 2000, 14).

Knowledge of the average age, occupation, gender, location and even personality type of fraudster can greatly contribute to the ability of the insurance industry to cope with fraud. IP is based on different branches of psychology and social science that make sense in the context of crime investigation.

Statistics acts as a guidance tool for psychologists in the presentation of data in a simpler way (McBride, 2013). Such data presentation is easier to comprehend, especially where there is the use of graphs, charts, frequency distribution tables, histograms or pie charts (Graham, 2008). Statistics also help inaccurate description and presentation of field data.

Generally speaking, emphasis on practices to help the children have adult-like in their thinking and acceptance of individual differences in developmental progress which means the teacher ought to segregate the class into groups and teach them or offer individual lessons instead of the entire class.

Practice and warning manipulations by young and old adults in false memory paradigm are studied at length (Gallo et al., 1997; McDermott & Roediger, 1998; Neuschatz et al., 2003). Age difference plays an important role in terms of false recall and recognition where young adults fare relatively better than old adults via repeated study-test trials.

Generally speaking, a family, community and the government should take part in the treatment of an individual suffering from a mental disorder. More so, one should not ignore minor mental disorders because they may result in major mental conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, among others.

The process of healing the Karp, Fisher, Deegan and Elizabeth Longden leans towards appreciation of the ability of individuals to deal conclusively with the depression through a more social and societal level than focusing on the medical model. They believe that relying on the medical model encourages the sick roles and that would be detrimental to the success of society.