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10 pages (3548 words)
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, Literature review
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At present, studies have indicated that at 12 to 18 months of age, infants who were later found as autism were differentiated from other infants to be high risk in terms of impairments, and delays in the following areas: visual (fixation on objects and prolonged visual inspection of objects); motor (lesser levels of activity and delays in fine and gross motor skills.
The overall strategy is to make sure that every treatment strategy is tailored to the needs of each autistic child. For greater applicability of the treatment strategies in the classroom setting, families and educational systems should be the main treatment resources. Intervention studies usually have methodological problems that hinder explicit conclusions regarding efficacy.
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12 pages (3275 words)
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, Research Proposal
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Although the sampling was excellently gender-sensitive there is a need to conduct more research with a view of integrating cultural background, family relationships whether single or divorce and religious background. While these factors may be ignored, they are significant contributors to studying maladaptive behavior.
Age-related declines in cognitive or information acquisition are common. But, researchers in this study are interested in establishing how those age differences in memory contribute to task performance, if at all. It is a common assumption that older adults are less capable than younger adults in effective monitoring of information.
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Part of the initial permission-gathering phase in the case of this data collection procedure will be to obtain permission from parents to have the written survey sent to their permanent address for them to complete in the convenience of their own home and to avoid inconveniencing parents and disrupting children’s education.
The zone of proximal development is one of the famous psychology theories that show the relationship between learning and development within the school environment. The theory states that there exists a big difference between the development of a learner who does not have aid and one who does.
To evaluate the interaction between the participants, seven items were employed thus resulting in two dimensions that were found by factor analysis. Politeness between the children was assessed through their ability to speak and listen. Similarly, an assessment of the difference among the children was evaluated to gauge the children's restrain on behaviors of other cultures.
One of the fundamental motor skills that can indicate developmental progress is being able to balance, on one foot, on the balance beam, and balancing a bean bag on her head. Observing this skill meant making a game that would encourage children to participate. In order to create an opportunity for observation, the three games were developed.
The first observation was of a 2year old girl namely Jomana. After observations the kid portrayed characteristics, they are related to some theories. First is the psychodynamic theory by Erikson which includes stages of development which at this stage are all about autonomy vs shame and doubt. Jomana feels unsecured in the room with the students.
The child that was chosen for this observation task was 11 months old but was still struggling with walking. This child will be referred to as Kyle for these observations. While it was interesting to observe how he worked on these skills, it was observing the child and the mother and his grandmother that was central to the study.
The behaviorist approach has been used in classroom situations to modify learners' behavior and make them desirable. This theory focuses on behavior that can be observed and assessed such that a stimulus can be introduced or removed from the environment of the learner purposely to promote desirable behavior and extinction of undesirable behavior.
Parents should perceive the period of emotions as an opportunity to enable the child to learn. The adolescent’s negative emotions should not be fixed but instead, the parents should make him/her understand that it is a normal thing to have and express various emotions. The parents should encourage the adolescence to speak out about his feelings and intervene whenever they see him/her upset.
There are various theories of personality such as trait theories, personality type theories, psychoanalytic theories, behaviorist theories, humanistic theories, social-cognitive theories, as well as bio-psychological theories (Ellis & Abrams, 2008). For the purpose of this study, the two key theories discussed include – humanistic theories and psychoanalytic theories.
13 pages (3777 words)
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Throughout the entire country, obesity is one of the most common problems. However, the problem is even greater in the state of California. In 2005, the California Center for Public Health Advocacy noted that notwithstanding the different campaigns to raise the awareness of the citizens with respect to obesity, children in the state are getting fatter.
11 pages (3363 words)
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Obese children are the most vulnerable, including women. Some statistics can explain the seriousness of the problem. One American dies every ninety seconds from obesity-related diseases. There are more overweight than people of normal weight in America, and obesity is one of the lingering illnesses in many but all racial and ethnic classes.
The projected estimates in the statistics originate from the 2000 census figures, to characterize expected 2004 mental health prevalence in Los Angeles. The basic factor of consideration was income levels, which included poverty levels of less than 200 per cent, to define the scope of the population underrepresentation.
7 pages (2164 words)
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, Personal Statement
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My son, John, studying in high school has always been a good lad both in the academic and extracurricular activities as well as in terms of his interaction with others. He has remained quite active with physical activities and he plays badminton in the morning and football in the evening at the community club.
15 pages (3987 words)
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The basis of the book is that children are not helpless, and they can change their fate. The book also gives ways for children to think about adverse situations in a new way. This essay will examine this book in a critical manner while answering eleven different questions about how a child can become more optimistic
Nowadays, the concept and application of emotional intelligence seem to be everywhere. Executives, life-style gurus and educators are now seen to all be agreeing with the notion that the one thing that people requires the most in today’s modern world is emotional awareness, street smart and heightened sensitivity.
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They like to hang out together since there are many things in common amongst them while differences and diversifications are also apparent within them. They hail from different regions of the world which makes up for a very interesting mix since diversity seems to be the buzzword for this small group in essence.
Diagnosis can only be given after a thorough assessment of the patient by a specialized doctor. In treatment, the diet may be looked at and sometimes training specifically parental training with children. In exploring the disorder I choose three websites that offer some help and they are patient.co.uk, NHS choices and NIH (national institute of mental health).
6 pages (1531 words)
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There were paper charts drawing boards, sofa for kids, baskets, shells, and different drawings pasted on walls made by children. There were 11 children in total in the classroom. There were nine girls and two boys. Both the boy and the girl were less than six years old. They both looked healthy, active and dressed in casually.
Money is sometimes described as a motivator. It represents dissimilar things to diverse people thereby saying that people work for money is worthless. As noted earlier, conduct is directed to as well as results from unsatisfied wants. Each person has various needs that vie for fulfilment thereby making it hard to choose from the competing forces.
One of the major theories that depict adolescence as a period of storm and stress is the psychosexual theory that is developed by Freud. This theoretical framework identifies the final stage of psychosexual growth, as the genital phase. During this stage, a child passes through a series of impulses that makes a disruption between the id and the ego
There is a major overlap between all these approaches; however, their differences must not be ignored in deducing hasty conclusions. The conflict of nature versus nurture is a never-ending one, though it offers a great deal of information. It will be wrong if one sides by one of the approaches that explain aggression.
Among the empirical studies in the field of cognitive development, there is a Doll House Study performed by Freund (1990) that was aimed at comparing and evaluating the results of the application of two learning approaches offered by Piaget and Vygotsky (discovery learning and guided learning respectively).
The studies and questioning based on a common but important topic such as this one are of great importance and gives no spaces for the doubts that the theorists and researchers shared their thoughts and opinions over it. The critique is made over the topics, issues, and solutions presented within the theories that are mentioned in this paper.
Moreover, this paper will explore the major problems Autistic Spectrum Disorder children commonly face in education while explaining the concept of Ipad apps enabling "game-based learning" by examining its benefits and why it is superior to the conventional rote memorization and the ‘pen to paper’ approach to learning.
When we talk about the improvement in the arts of language for any student then it includes many areas or fields, which actually requires a concern upon them. The major 5 areas of arts of language are reading, speaking, listening, writing, and literacy. All of these areas in any student should be polished in order to improve his language arts
12 pages (3625 words)
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While there are a variety of different research methods available for the completion of a study, it is always necessary to work to identify the most appropriate method for a given study question in and of itself, allowing for the clearest method of gathering the information accurately and without bias.
The term conditioning refers to learning, and classical conditioning is the conditioning of reflexes” (Sapp, 2004). The therapist makes use of the process of strengthening in order to support a specific behavior. For example, a kid with ADHD obtains a gold star always, as he or she stays focused on tasks as well as achieves daily objectives.
There is no external standard applicable to predict levels of stress in individuals. People do not need to have conventionally stressful positions at work to undergo stress at work. Similarly, parents of a single child can experience higher levels of parental stress as compared to, ironically, parents with several children (Lazarus, 1966).
The question being asked mostly relates to the role which positive emotions have in positive psychology. Past perspectives indicate that positive feelings indicate wellness and often guide current behavior. Without downplaying the relevance of these functions, the broaden-and-build theory pushes positive feelings into a more relevant spotlight.
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Anorexia nervosa is a debilitating illness reportedly has a lifetime prevalence of 1.9%, a relatively poor prognosis, and a high mortality rate in all psychiatric illnesses (Hatch et al, 2010). A growing consensus shows improved characterization of social and cognitive impairments in anorexia nervosa that overlaps with Autistic disorders.
Substance abuse refers to the use of a substance for other purposes other than the intended one. Substance abuse in sport has been a common occurrence mostly by sportspeople. There has been an argument worldwide to ban the use of drugs in sports since the performance-enhancing they offer to sportspeople is contrary to the virtues of sports.
There are other things that affect the outcome of the therapy as well. The “findings of research studies seemed to indicate that gender is an influential factor that plays an important part in participants’ response to therapy”, the males react better to psychotherapies like CBT than the women (Chen, Jordan, & Thompson, 2006, p. 507).
Integrative Counselling and Psychotherapy is a strategy which the British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) employs in order to equip its graduate Counsellors or Psychotherapists with knowledge and skills they will use to address the problems of people with all varieties of mental health issues.
The words in the questions were made as simple as possible to enhance clear understanding. The answering system included only ticking the relevant images and writing the numbers. This reduces the children’s stress to remember and recollect much. The questions were chosen giving much importance to inference.
The results achieved from the facilitation of the effect of testosterone on male sexual behavior in rats deprived of REM sleep experiment suggest that REM sleep facilitates the effects of testosterone on male sexual behavior. The effect is on the triggering mechanism versus the actual intensity of the activity.
Eating disorders cause imbalances in the dietary patterns of individuals, and the associated symptoms, including overeating or under eating. The eating disorders of women are complex problems, whose development is triggered by a variety of factors, including social, biological, and cultural ones, among others.
The therapist learns that incorporating the client’s ideas and beliefs in the whole process is far much instrumental in supporting them to overcome their problem and be free from it. For instance, the case with Janet enabled the therapist to know how to assist her future clients to overcome their problems related to identity and sense of self.
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The table demonstrates 2.43, 1.97, and 1.60 as the Mean Ranks for years in the UK, residential circumstances, and employment respectively. Despite the very fact there exist some slight differences in the Mean Ranks; somehow, these slight differences cannot hide the magnitude of similarity all the three contain in their scope
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When observed from a medical point of view, teenage pregnancy has become a major problem in the USA. Cosmo Team also stated the same alarming situation in the UK where teen pregnancies are on rising. The number of teenage pregnancies has risen in the UK as well with one out of eight girls being pregnant by the age of eighteen.
There are very many concepts in the contemporary environment that revolve around the issue of psychometrics. It is imperative to go through some of these approaches used to carry out tests and observations for further scrutiny. Moreover, it is imperative for people to understand that psychometrics is important in the field of psychology.
Research shows that these stalkers believe that the victim will finally give in and fall in love with the stalker as a compensation for all they have invested into the stalking. This type of stalker, needless to say, is deaf and blind to the fact that the victim does not and will not fall in love with them, and refuse to change their beliefs.
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England is rather made up of open-minded people who are into the idea of using video games even as educational material. In fact, teachers in Great Britain, who were among the 91% of 1000 primary and secondary schools in the UK, even believed that playing computer games can actually develop children’s and young people’s motor cognitive skills.
PTSD has been diagnosed among war veterans. It has been established that the prevalence is quite high therefore impacting the quality of life of the individuals and their families negatively. Treatment can also be administered to the patients. Social work has also proven to be an important ineffective treatment of PTSD.
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The acculturation of PTSD is an overlooked phenomenon that hinders the advance of interventionist approaches towards alleviating the impact of war exposure. The ways an individual may experience distress must be considered within one’s social and cultural context if at all any progress could be made in alleviating the effects of war exposure.
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Outpatient treatment is also important where the addiction diagnosed in a client is not life-threatening or has been managed to a level where rigorous medical attention is not necessarily required and the patient can visit professional only occasionally just to follow up on development and seek support in coping.
Environment and heredity influences are the two most important factors determining the development of the child, but it is difficult to say which of them is more important in this case (Mackinnon, 492). This problem is both purely scientific, and social because the future of society depends on its resolution.