Psychology Essays

However, the study of psychological theories like psychosexual development (by Freud) and Self-actualization (by Maslow), makes one realize that changing one’s personality is not an easy thing. It is because according to these theories, the first few years of child’s life play a great role in the development of his personality in adulthood.

It further goes on to classify the condition as pertaining to an individual’s legal rights. Important aspects of this definition are the words ‘damage/ injury’, ‘judgment/ action’ and ‘disregard’. Both damage and disregard may be considered as a result of the judgment passed by the person practicing prejudice upon the person who is at the receiving end.

On the other hand, the theory of Piaget does not support the argument that children carry out tasks that are outside their intellectual capacities. The teacher simply arranges the environment for the developmental capability of cognitive or motor functioning of the child. Hence, the child is restricted by their developmental level. 

Domestic violence refers to an act by one intimate partner attempting to control, dominate or humiliate the other partner. Domestic violence is evident when couples or other adult relatives fight against each other. Domestic abuse can be physical, sexual, psychological, financial and spiritual in nature. 

The main research questions are:  Is “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” the story of a duality of being, or that of a monster which lurks in the depths of the soul? This paper tells that Stevenson managed to create a gripping story by avoiding to answer this question, but still managing to engage the reader enough into reaching his own conclusion.

The questionnaire contained questions about eating behaviors, mental health issues, and life circumstances. The study consisted of a baseline study and then a follow-up with the same children. The study found that one in five adolescent girls had either a DSM-IV classification of anorexia nervosa or a subclinical disorder of anorexia nervosa.

Ethical issues prevent the patients to remain in the long waiting period for follow up studies. The individual’s therapist effects are not evaluated due to a small number of the population undergoing CPT. However, a positive feature about the treatment is that the veterans are not required to discontinue their psychopharmacological therapies.  

Carl Random Rogers was born in Chicago in 1902 and he was the fourth of six children. He was born in America and he was not an immigrant (Thorne, 2003, p. 1). He was raised in a conservative Christian home and was brought up with values that said there would be no drinking, smoking or going to movies.

To explicate Melanie Klein’s work on the Sense of Loneliness one needs to understand the basis of her conceptual framework first – which is Sigmund Freud’s concepts of development. Freud is considered the pioneer of psychoanalysis of the three typographies of the Id, Ego, and Superego (categorized as Unconscious, Preconscious, and Conscious).

The purpose of the study was to see the sights of Health Visitors’ experiments of Family Groups Conferences as an element of child protection planning in Hampshire, Britain. The objective was to recognize the approach challenges, identify appropriate practices and enabling recommendations for the improved alliance to be framed

The medical profession has always experimented on animals. As early as 520, a physician in Southern Italy in dissecting an animal because it was unacceptable to dissect human beings, ‘discovered the optic nerve’. In general, psychologists recognized that much of human nature could be understood through experimentation with animals.  

There is much that is not understood about what makes people individualistic or collectivist, and there are many different studies always being conducted about cultural theory, business organizational structure, and change management, with none of these defined areas of psychological study providing solid answers, mostly just conjecture. 

The author states that video game content sustaining situations that lead to hostility or aggression works as a form of operant or classical conditioning that changes a person’s long-standing social or intellectual programming related to sustainment of positive emotional awareness or care regarding others.

From this paper, it is clear that studies reported by Williamson (1994) also support the evidence of psychological effects of steroids. In a study by Choi et al.,( 1990, quoted in Williamson, 1994) three anabolic steroid users and three non-user controls were monitored over several months of training incorporating two cycles of drug use.

Athletes often encounter various injuries during their sports activities. Some of these injuries may be simple and may be easily dealt with, like muscle cramps. However, some of them may turn out to be major injuries, like fractures. For many of these athletes, their goal during these injuries is to quickly recover and to be competitive again.

Cognitive therapy is one of the most useful psychotherapeutic interventions and was developed in the 1960s. It is mainly used for the treatment of depression and anxiety. The concept behind this therapy is that distorted thoughts and beliefs are the main causes of emotional distress and behavior and not situations.

All individuals have different responses toward stress and it is this behavior that decides the level of stress that an individual has to go through. Stress is caused by various stressors and may cause both long-term and short-term effects, generally affecting the workers’ motivation and the performance of the entire organization.

According to the text, this essay will aim to explore the various aspects of psychological safety, the relationship between occupational health and work motivation and protection of mental health at the workplace. It will also discuss work models that reduce psychosocial risks at the workplace.

Some of the core negative beliefs are; not good enough (incompetent), not good enough, unwanted, different, defective, imperfect, bad, powerless, one-below, in danger, not safe don’t know, wrong etc. These negative feelings always develop negative attitudes. Self-confidence would be destroyed if one person develops such negative feelings.

He developed a philosophy and a practice called, ‘focusing’ dwelling on clients to focus around their felt senses. Taking feedback from client-centric therapy, psychotherapists like Les Greenberg and Robert Elliott developed a ‘process-experiential' approach to psychotherapy (also known as ‘emotion-focused' therapy (EFT).

A student’s ability to receive education the by the environment in which the knowledge is conveyed. In an environment susceptible to conflicts, a student’s tendency to open himself/herself to the teacher is lessened considerably because the attention is divided between teacher and offenders in the class.

Luey, Glass and Elliott (1995, p. 181) note that within learning institutions, there is significant stigma that is attached to auditory impairment especially among the youth. Pray and Jordan (2010, p. 168) explain that psychological evaluation of people with hearing impairment often demonstrates issues of low self-esteem and self-worth.

The conclusion states that though objective experience can be studied in isolation from subjective experience, it is questionable whether all experiences can be made simply objective, without personal interpretation. However, individuals can become “objective thinkers” in that they become more rational beings, instead of being ruled by their emotions.

Past studies have depicted that the children who show symptoms of inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsiveness within their areas of activity also depict very low performance within their fields of education and academics. Moreover, problems within the school premises are considered to be the significant characteristic of ADHD.

The project, which is funded by the National Science Foundation and a collaborative effort of several institutions, provides evidence to the consumption of aquatic brain foods such as fishes, turtles, and crocodiles by our ancestors which are rich sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids and docosahexaenoic acid.

The author of the paper states that in almost all of the religions of the world, personal morality commences with a simple concept that involves treating others in a way that oneself would wish to be treated by others. And this golden rule can be considered as the most fundamental of the personal virtues.

The purpose of this research study was to assess methods of distinguishing major depressive episodes associated with bipolar disorder from those experienced by patients with chronic depression. Treatments effective in combating depression in patients with major depressive illness may not be effective in patients with bipolar disorder.

Criminologists Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson developed the Routine activated theory. The theory assumed that both the intention to involve in felony and the supply of criminals are invariable. By the analysis of criminologists in every society, there are few people always willing to break the law for revenge, avarice, or some other intention. 

Psychological theories view deviant behavior as the outcome of mental or physical impairments instead of behaviors regarded as deviant by social standards. Ultimately, psychological theories propose genetic remedies to the problem of deviance that is objectionable and offensive to several sectors of the society

This essay will focus on discussing and analyzing the most recent status of multicultural education in public schools. Prior to the conclusion, the arguments made by the authors with regard to the long-term effects of “limited multicultural education” and “diversity” in public education will be considered in details.

The author states that the dominant approach to forgetting was interference theory. There were numerous criticisms against decay theory, and the evidence included the slowing down of forgetting during sleep suggesting that, if decay is a natural result of the passage of time alone, it should be equal forgetting during sleep and wakefulness.

In Ramona Bobocel’s article, it is clear that there are certain individual characteristics which affect how people respond to injustice. These are personal characteristics such as how people perceived themselves and others, which the author terms as other-oriented and self-concerned, people (Bobocel 729). 

The author states that while classical conditioning involves a neutral signal placed before a reflex, operant conditioning applies punishment or reinforcement to encourage or deter a behavior. Operant conditioning involves voluntary action whose outcome is either encouraged or discouraged.

She took birth in India and rose there but studied in the US for five years. She had a very broad mentality but opted for an arranged marriage. After experiencing an arranged married life her mentality about arrange marriages changed. Being a reader as she describes different modes of getting married I also agree with her.  

When the individual is derived from the idea of choice and freedom, the contract-oppression scheme as suggested by Foucault, perceives the issue of power as organizing the context of the individuals. Therefore oppression is depicted in form of struggle and submission implying how the present is brought about by the absent

Chopin masterfully exploits the third person limited perspective in the story to present all the events, actions and situations immanent in the plot in correlation to the emotions, feelings, and insights of the female protagonist. Throughout the story, the narrator limits oneself to what is heard, felt and realized.

The building must meet several criteria to be approved. Childcare centers must be safe places that can guarantee normal physical and psychological development of a child. First of all, the environment must be functional and be supplied with qualitative goods, such as pieces of furniture, toys, play equipment, electronics.

According to the SIDS network (2010), most researchers believe that children who die due to SIDS are actually born with certain conditions that make them vulnerable to normal infant life stresses. McKenna and McDade (2005) argue that co-sleeping with the baby can reduce deaths in sleep and decrease SIDS to quite an extent 

Prayers are the main source of fixing all sorts of problems. Care of soul therapy used in church, very effectively treated all the nonorganic mental, emotional and personal problems of living. This beauty of religion really helped to do away with all the psychological pressure and helped people to live a normal life.

The authors have talked about conflicts that arise due to the behavior of the group members.T he group members usually share similar emotions and thoughts. Such group formations are influenced by the element of self-concept for membership and social circumstances favoring comparisons with other groups. 

This essay demonstrates that with different factors contributing to the challenges, then there has never been a bad time of raising a daughter than it is today. This is mostly true when the daughter is at the teenage or adolescent stage of her life. At these stages, their character is featured by resentment and aggression, as they try to experiment.

It is very clear that most criminals involve themselves in crime due to their way of thinking. Helping the criminals to reform their way of thinking will help in making sure that they are reformed from crime and they can save them a lot. Currently, prisons are filled to the brim and this is a big problem both for government and society.

This research will begin with the statement that 360-degree feedback is a process which a company uses to receive feedback from everybody who works with them such as colleagues, superior, and subordinates. Organizations carry out 360-degree feedback to geta better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of an individual working with them.

 his happens in many countries, many neighborhoods as well as places of work. Racism being the prejudice directed to people of different races is a vice in its own right and its practice is rather widespread worldwide. A rather appropriate definition of racism is offered by whereby he states that racism occurs where one attributes people of a certain race.

The author states: "Psychodrama is what I would like to focus on my second case study. It is interesting to see how dramatic sessions can have therapeutic use. So my area of concentration is psychological uses of drama. It will assist me ineffective follow up of my group in the first case study."

The author of the paper tells that one can easily fathom that there are more negatives than any positives which can be thought of whilst concerning the case of divorce. The children who are below the age of 18 feel that they have been hard done by. They want their parents to live in harmony with each other; however, this is not the case when parents decide to break away from one another.

Prison sentences and conditions often are designed according to the perceived threat that the criminal poses to the civil society and recidivism are one of the main concerns of those involved with law and order – they cannot let a criminal loose in the society who would revert back to his dangerous ways.

The author explains that fighting was a routine affair in ghetto communities and boys were trained to fight and commit violent acts at the young age of 4 years. Success was recognized and those who did not want to fight were humiliated and they were at the receiving end from the stronger boys.

The author states that the Aryans believe that the election of President Obama demonstrates the far the white nation has stooped to the suicidal stupidity of integration. The Aryans advocate racial segregation referring themselves to the white power. They hate niggers, Jews, and spics as they attribute their perception of the white race.