Psychology Essays

Violence in children is becoming an increasingly recurring phenomenon because of several reasons. Most of them include the atmosphere that the child has been brought up within. Under this, either a child is subject to violence and is forced to witness his family members committing violent actions on a regular basis, or he is pampered to such an extent that by throwing tantrums and being a little violent he is able to get with what he wants while getting away with violence.

Capabilities of accessing each hemisphere in isolation or through processing in each different hemisphere among people are challenging. Holistic processing could be undertaken using varied forms of facial expression. In these instances, the brain will take time to recognize differences in expression if similar expressions are used.

Freud theorized instinctive drives and unconscious motivations rooted in the intrapsychic significantly affect the average person’s thoughts, emotions, feelings, and actions. Often, Freud insists that intrapsychic conflict that had not yet been successfully overcome precipitate to one’s sexually inappropriate behavior.

According to Fernald (2008: 12 – 15), through having an analysis of the mental functions based on how human beings behave, psychology can work on founding the general principles thus, can be applied for research purposes. Because of such established functions of the psychological research, Coon and Mitterer (2008: 15 – 16) stated that the society benefits in return from this.

Psychology can be regarded as a multiple discipline, which entails a variety of subfields such as human development, health, cognitive processes, sports, and clinical social behavior. Psychology also includes the study of the complex human mind and the interaction of human beings with one another in regard to their thinking patterns.

    Diary of an Anorexic Girl. Anorexia refers to the reduced sensation in a person’s appetite. Anorexia can also be used to refer to anorexia nervosa. There are a number of causes for a decrease in appetite, several of them may be harmless, while others may pose a tremendous risk or highlight a severe clinical condition.

They are families formed through remarriage of divorced or widowed parents who have been left with children. Therapists refer to these arrangements as blended families in order to create good terms during counseling of families. This is done in order to create possibilities of the new arrangements, and guide the patients effectively than during earlier times.

The initial cases of PTSD were most common in soldiers who had just been at war. The most interesting thing about PTSD is that the soldiers who were affected started to feel its toll once they were out of the battlefield. For as long as they were on the battlefield they were okay. This brings in the environmental angle in as far as PTSD is concerned.

Festinger and Carlsmith maintained the notion that individuals evaluate themselves and their beliefs based on the expectations of others. People would alter their beliefs or opinions accordingly depending on the strength of the opposing authority. The subsequent experiment was undergone to determine how much authoritative influence, if any, played a role in the compliance of subjects, and the ease at which they would disregard their personal beliefs for those of the majority.

This course has introduced me to various psychological theories and ideas. An important model that I have learnt in one of the course modules includes the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). This is a psychological concept of people’s behavior that is based on the Albert Bandura’s work (Plotnik & Kouyoumjian, 2011).

Abnormal Psychology Declaimer This study seeks to highlight Ludwig Van Beethoven’s psychological condition via using varied credible sources with an intention of creating an informative literature. Mainly, this entails utter evaluation of key sources’ content against the conventional argument presented by numerous and varied authors.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) provides a detailed classification system for the diagnosis of mental health disorders. DSM-IV uses a five-axis model for the diagnosis and treatment options. DSM applies several criteria while defining obsessions and compulsions as per the following.

However, its peak was founded on the ground-breaking effort of several neuroscientists who, in mid-20th century, introduced the notion of the functional connections between behavior, emotions, and the brain (Miller & Cummings, 2007). More accurate knowledge of the physiological and neuro-anatomical features of the psychiatric condition revealed several important brain processes, which when removed, may improve the clinical state of the disorder.

This chapter opens with the author describing in minute detail how he conducts sleep experiments, and in the process he discusses one of the machines vital to this research: the electroencephalograph. This machine, while necessary in observing the brain and body during sleep, is fairly simple in design and function.

Moreover, child mistreatment is associated with aberrations in brain development as well as physical illnesses, which necessitate clear imperative for identifying, disseminating effective psychological treatments for such maltreated children in a timely manner.

The main character of the movie that has PTSD is Major Bennet "Ben" Marco who had recurring dreams of what happened on his unit during the Gulf War. One of Maj. Marco's fellow soldier , Corporal Melvin had the same dream where he, Marco and Shaw (supposedly rescued Marco's unit and was awarded Medal of Honor) was in a big room with an incoherent recollection of their lost unit.

In that context, if I speak of my family, I simply have no idea of my biological family and for me family life primarily happened to be shuffling from many foster homes and shelters. Yet, I am proud to say that I made the best of what providence gifted to me and have been immensely successful in developing a balanced and poised personality.

The processes involved in constructing such test items that achieve their purpose is called test development (Breiman, et al, 2009). The degree to which the test gives a total representation of all social constituent is referred to as content validity (Icove et al, 2005).

Accordingly, the following review and analysis will consider Susan Krauss “The lure of celebrity endorsements” article. Through such a review, it is the hope of this author that the reader will be able to come to a more informed understanding of the way in which psychology is used to effect marketing and advertising purposes within the current society.

The analysis will focus on Rogoff school of thought, where brain development is determined at an early age. Memory plays a part in day-to-day activities and majorly depends on ones cognitive ability to develop. An analysis will determine whether the environment determine ones future ability.

From the assessment on Wanda’s family life, an intervention plan that is designed to strengthen her relationship with her three daughters and resolve the conflicts in the family would be an appropriate course of action in changing her aggressive behavior. With her case as a single parent who is burdened by responsibility in the family.

When two people are conversing, the content of the voices deliver not only the speech, but other social information that enhance interaction and impression. Certain spoken words that do not express the language itself, such as mmmh, hah, prrrr and many more are not English words, but are used to shed more meanings in people communication.

People usually conform to the peer pressure to resolve external conflicts such as social rejection. But to do so, people usually end up developing an internal conflict with one’s own standards.

I have had challenges in conflict resolution and thus I will discuss this concept in depth. To address this problem I will use assertion, listening and nonverbal communication concepts to address the conflict resolution problem. This paper discusses the concept of conflict resolution and how assertion, listening and nonverbal communication skills are used to address this issue.

The present research has identified that Postpartum Depression has a prevalence of about 20%-26% of young adolescent mothers who give birth. A similar prevalence has been observed in new fathers, with maternal depression being the most reliable predictor of paternal depression during the puerperium.

The researcher states that a person with depression has to face difficulties in his/her daily activities and cannot perform daily functions in a normal and regular manner. Depression does not only affect a single individual, but also his/her family and friends. Depression is also associated with many chronic diseases and this can lead to high rates of mortality.

Along with this increase comes the increase in internet shopping by consumers. This research examines the behaviors, motivations, and attitudes of this new form of consumer entity. Online consumer behavior has been studied for over 20 years and will undoubtedly be the source of many future researches as internet consumerism expands.

In order to be diagnosed with OCD, an individual must present with recurrent obsessions and/or compulsions that are severe enough to cause marked impairment in everyday functioning. Obsessions are defined as persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or images that are perceived as intrusive or unwarranted, and lead to marked anxiety or distress.

Cultural beliefs are transmitted by the use of words and language. Words alone are meaningless until they are applied within a designed context. For example stories and proverbs are frequently used to provide moral lessons that reflect the values from within the society.

Nowadays, however, certain occupations demand long working hours or night shifts. Physicians have to stay awake at night for their 24 hour shifts. People in the field of outsourcing have to work in the night to get in touch with their clients based in different time zones.

The author states that it becomes evident that the school of thought following stream of consciousness in its work shares many similarities in the writings. All these writers observe delicacy and neatness of mind and environment all around them. All the writers of this school of thought complete the story with the help of least number of characters.

The World Health Organization (WHO) defined obesity as a disease characterized by excess body fat, as measured through a Body Fat Mass Index and this health condition associates it with other health related problems. Obesity is proven a lifestyle disease and is associated with cardiovascular diseases.

The syndrome tops the charts in the list of causes of deaths to infants of the age mentioned above. There has been a decline in the occurrence of the Syndrome in the United States and Canada but in other countries the progress of SIDS has either stagnated or is declining (Hunt & Fern, 2006).

The rubber hand illusion (RHI) results in subjects reporting that a rubber hand “feels” like their own. The totality of the effect is supported by visual, tactile, and proprioceptive components. Proprioception is our sense of how our body parts relate to each other spatially and how they occupy the near space surrounding them.

On the other hand the cognitive-behavioral methods of psychotherapy are less patient centered and thus the systems they apply are structured and the sessions limited. The cognitive-behavioral approach has been applied widely in the treatment of mental disorders because the therapists who support this method belief that it is more effective in behavioral change as compared to the patient focused methods which rely on the patient resources for success of the therapy.

Their preoccupation with their body is so strong that it hampers their daily routine and develops problems in their social interactions. When the preoccupation with body becomes extreme, it becomes an obsession for a person and takes the shape of a mental disorder.

Many studies have been done on rats and other animals to understand how nicotine works on the human body (Feltenstein, Ghee, and See 2012). In some cases, nicotine has been linked to suicide attempts (Yaworski, Robinson, Sareen & Bolton, 2011). These studies point out the negative aspects of nicotine and its addictive qualities but there are other studies that suggest that nicotine can be a cognitive enhancer.

These minor cases of forgetting are nothing compared to Alzheimer’s disease because in Alzheimer’s one forgets everything he ever knew. It is like wiping the whole mind clean, without leaving a trace of memory. People with Alzheimer’s forget their closest friends, children and relatives.

Violence is a present characteristic of every human society. Examples of violent crimes include rape, war, homicide and physical injuries. In the 20th century, roughly 87,500,000 people have lost their lives as a result of violent wars (Liddle 24). Drug abuse and mental disorders contribute to violent behavior.

In this study, quantitative research approach will be employed and it will involve an experimental design with two comparison groups. Student will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups. Both the experimental treatment group and the control group will take a pretest and a posttest, but only the experimental group will receive the treatment of classes/seminars on alcohol consequences.

This essay analyzes that Harry Sullivan led an isolated and a lonely childhood within a small community that was mainly involved in farming activities. Due to his isolation along with loneliness, Sullivan, however, formed only one secure interpersonal relationship with another boy who was five years older than he was (Sullivan, 2003).

Nature vs. Nurture Name University Nature vs. Nurture In the study of psychology one of the most debated topics is that of nature versus nurture. This debate entails questions whether the behavior and the mental processes are influenced by the genetics, heredity, or are a product of the environment and learning.

Patients have false beliefs that other people are scheming against them or their loved ones. Similar with other kinds of schizophrenia, most patients experience auditory hallucinations as well as delusions of grandeur. They may hear and/or see others talking to them.

The summary to Chapter 20 discusses in detail the biosocial developmental procedures evident in middle adulthood. Chapter 21 tackles the cognitive processes that characterize middle adulthood. Chapter 22 describes the psychosocial development in middle adulthood with respect to marriage and family life.

The Marshmallow research is an experiment to measure the self control capacity of school children, thereby checking whether they can control themselves for some particular period of time when presented with some kind of delicious food that in further researches were studied by Celeste Kidd (Nordqvist).

At its core, prosocial behavior is intended to benefit the welfare of another individual. What is important to note is that empathy and concern for the individual may oftentimes be the prime motivator, the fact of the matter is that egoism and practical concerns may also guide an individual to acting in prosocial manner.

This is the time when neurologists began the study of brains that were damaged with a view of diagnosing the problem areas. During this time, neurologists began to form inferences with regard to the parts of the brain that contributed to a certain cognitive ability that individuals had.

Dr. Phelan’s Magic vs. B.F. Skinner Parenting seems like a grueling task and there are many things that the individuals fail to do correctly when dealing with young children. Dr. Thomas Phelan’s book titled “1-2-3 Magic” specifically focuses on a disciplinary tactic that would help parents to deal with their children’s unruly habits; particularly those, who are between the ages of 2 and 12.

The book entails theories by Wilson which focus on being hurt and the manner in which the hurt is passed on from one generation to the other. In addition, Wilson has gone further to discus how people should seek refuge in Jesus Chris if they want to be freed from their pain and gain the strength to forget the past hurt so as prevent this from being passed to other people who in most cases are innocent and are in no way associated with what they have experienced in the past.

To the contrary, cases of memory losses have been reported. Many psychologists have been puzzled severally and researches have been and are still being conducted to find out why the loss of memory occurs to an eyewitness after exposure to post events (Wright and Livingstone 2002).