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The foundation of the postal rule can be traced back to the 1800s and is found in the lawful principles of various nations. The postal rule is a concept of contract law. It is an exemption to the general rule, which states that an acceptance is only formed when communicated directly to the offeror.
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This paper will evaluate the past, present and future trends in the interface between components of the criminal justice system and criminal justice connections with the surrounding society. The paper will focus on recent and future trends and contemporary issues affecting the criminal justice system.
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These bodies act as stakeholders watchdogs. Their duty is to ensure that the board members together with the management play their roles without bleaching the terms and conditions. The research targets board members because they have manipulated the management in their favour. An ideal example of such a committee is the audit committee.
In their opinion, bloodshot eyes, muscular body, curly hair, thick lip, protruding ears, abnormal chromosomes etc are some of the physiological factors which can increase aggressiveness in the behavior of a person. This paper analyses the links between criminality and physical body types.
“While the study of racism has had the longest academic history, the study of ethnicity, with its origins in anthropology and the study of nationalism, have also established themselves in recent years as important fields of academic inquiry”(Fenton and May, n.d., p.1). This is because of the increasing awareness that international terrorism is connected with the Ethno-national Identity problem in one way or another.
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Parents have the right to choose the kind of education for their children and they also have to right to protect their children from harm and any instances which would endanger their safety. In recent international legislation, parental rights have been reduced and restricted with the rights of children being upheld over and above parental rights.
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It is for this reason that issues related to compensation and employer’s duty of care come into being in work places. This paper will establish and clarify employer’s duty of care and compensation issues concerning injuries acquired in workplaces.
The company must investigate the allegations against the plant manager since failing to do so would amount to cover up. A senior staff member is advisable to be in charge of the investigation. First, signs of a fraud including erratic behavior, marked lifestyle changes must be looked at.
The UK passed SOPCA as an act of parliament as a measure to curb the dangers of the organized crime. The act further saw the creation of SOCA in 2006, which limits the operation of organized crime. This body was given the mandate to operate within the country and articulate help from other intelligent corporations from foreign countries.
Thus, private law, unlike human rights law which is a part of the public law discourse, is calculated to regulate the relationships between individuals, organizations and corporations as private citizens. Some examples of private law are contract law, the law of tort, land law, company law, employment law and the law of equity and trusts.
The registered proprietor is Victor Matelin per the official copy of the search, dated 10 December 2011. Miss Poppy is the successor in title, of the property, having already purchased the property for value. The property is in the process of being registered in her name.
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Comparison and contrast and relation of policing vi. Challenges police departments face in policy implementation Community Policing Abstract Community-oriented policing (COP) involves the public during the resolution of crime while Problem-oriented policing (POP) has a professional scanning and analysis of problems in achieving a similar feat.
The County jail in Ashville does not house any women inmates, having them housed in the facility that was established in the Pell city. The Jail facility in Ashville employs 8 full time jailers, 6 part time jailers and 4 casual jailers. The medical needs of inmates are addressed by a nurse contracted on a daily basis and a physician contracted on a weekly basis (Jenks, 1997).
I am convinced that pursuing an advanced career in the LL.M program will prepare me to be a policymaker in the future. This will give me a leeway to work in any law; development, and international commercial since the course focuses on issues that are global and hence not limited to one jurisdiction.
Of course, this policy has negative consequences for the home countries of the gangs, which have to again deal with an onslaught of hardened and experienced criminals. It may also hurt the fight against global terrorism. American and foreign officials fear that groups such as al-Qaida will seek such gang members from Central America and Mexico.
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South Africa experiences some of the highest rates of crime in the world and thus brings a sharp focus on the structures and dynamics of the nation’s criminal justice system. Besides, the troubled history of the country adds to the interest. The study discusses the positives and shortcomings of the South African criminal justice system.
Every member of the Mexican Mafia has a guardian and if one is found to have broken the rules, the guardian has the responsibility of killing his subject although 3 more members must vote in favor of the death punishment (Rafael, 2007). A guardian, as relates to Mexican Mafia, is the person who introduces another member to the organization.
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Various studies have acknowledged and attributed the origin and foundation of white collar crime to Edwin H. Sutherland, a known criminologist and sociologist, who presented its theoretical relevance in his reported presidential address in 1939 at the American Sociological Society Meeting
The basic motive of this paper is to show all the factors that are causing an inflationary shift in the numbers of inmates, a pattern projected to continue into the foreseeable future. These factors include the recent emphasis placed on controlling illegal immigration, the crackdowns resulting from this lead to the swelling up of correctional facilities.
This paper will discuss this law, its inception, its advantages and the ways it can be exploited. The paper will also examine the ways in which courts can circumvent this law, discussing the corporate veil and its exceptions. According to the law, whenever a company is incorporated, it gives rise to a new and artificial entity.
The researcher states that there seems to be an injustice as Korb was bringing to light the misuse of taxpayer’s money. In general, the right to freedom of speech should be exercised even for employees of private corporations and, hence, the Congress should include the contractors of the defense under the First Amendment Clause.
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Moreover, the definition of juvenile offender differs from country to country.3 In the UK, juvenile incarceration rates are among the highest in the world, though some communities have witnessed a slight decrease, largely due to local communities’ programs and attitudes towards juveniles.
3962 viewed the Medicare program as a health reforms source of funds in addition to the process of delivering health services, (Swan & Haas 2011). On the other hand, H.R. 3590 provided for the process of delivering care to the patient. This paper seeks to explore the process in shaping the Health Care Reform Bill by stating the differences in the two bills, the legislative process and the shaping of these laws.
Many people worry that since most laws of the land that governs the functioning of the tribunals have a lot of opportunities for biased decisions, it is widely believed that many tribunal leaderships get corrupted by powerful and influential people to tilt the scale of justice by forgetting that the powerless poor also deserves fair treatment.
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The paper will argue that allowing law enforcers to bend the rules will herald a shift from restorative justice to retributive justice – where criminals are treated as scum of the earth, rather than human beings. Two concepts will be discussed: the fruit of the forbidden tree doctrine, and “outrageous government conduct”.
Since 1945 the growth of international foreign investment has been improved slightly until it reached a peak in the 1990s. This development of international foreign investment was tied with a number of bilateral investment treaties (BITs), which grew from 500 in 1999 to 2000 in the year 2000. In addition, some multilateral investment treaties (MITs) were created in order to introduce flow to the international economy.
The difficulty comes in the technical wording of the laws, such as when a perpetrator voluntarily agrees to be searched, or when a suspect flees from police and refuses to stop despite their request. When, exactly, is a suspect considered seized, and how will this make the difference in the evidence admitted to the court?
Classical liberalism is another concept of the political thought that involves focusing on the freedom that an individual needs to receive more importantly than the powers of the concerned state to which the individual belongs to. The current study focuses on a comparative learning on the concepts of classical realism and classical liberalism as well as has an understanding on the influences that these concepts have on the world and its politics internationally.
The field of moral philosophy (ethics) encompasses classifying, defending, and commending concepts of veracious and wrong conduct. Philosophers today generally divide ethical notions into three broad subject areas: normative ethics, meta-ethics, and applied ethics. Meta-ethics explores where our ethical values come from, and their meaning.
Determinate sentencing refers to a scenario where a convicted defendant has conferred a fixed punishment term for a criminal offense. Determinate sentencing is more often issued for crimes of a non-violent nature such as fraud. Indeterminate sentencing is the imprisonment term issued to a convicted defendant.
The European Union (EU) is an economic and political confederation of 27 member states located in Europe. It originates from the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Economic Community (EEC) formed by six countries in 1958. The EU has grown over the years by accepting new members.
The research includes determining the police department’s anti-bullying role, within the school environment. The police can implement several measures to prevent, reduce, and/or minimize the threat/impact of bullying in schools in the community. The best police defense against bullying is to allow police visibility within the schools.
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All the concerned governmental and non-governmental agencies involved in the criminal justice system should, therefore, welcome any action plan or intervention that recognises and addresses social exclusion and socioeconomic status and their impacts on minority over-representation in the criminal justice system.
A right interpretation is a formula for successful litigation in close relation to fair judgment. Thus, Mr. Rowser’s case is a factual material to state where the power of law should pay more attention in terms of multifaceted analysis of the Statute itself and the Constitution and all the Amendments.
Many films, television shows, music videos and cartoons have been made to draw a picture of the goings-on in the criminal justice system. While some of the stories shown in the films are based on real life events, others are fictional in nature, but they, nonetheless, provide a concise portray of the society and especially criminal justice in America also around the world.
The author states that identity theft has been found to be a major challenge facing executives. Crooks have been getting ever smarter and now target executives of small to medium enterprises where for instance fictitious orders for goods or credit lines are initiated and the goods are shipped to a third party.
It is essential to state that “localism” as a way of life means that the value of local initiatives and small-scale activities, spearheaded by proponents in the immediate community, are emphasized in lieu of the conventional trend to rely more on large-scale activities planned on a national or global scale.
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Hospitalized psychiatric patients and people with a low IQ (45 or lower) should be ineligible to vote even though these three requirements are met because of their inability to have a good understanding of the electoral system generally as well as with respect to the candidates running for various offices.
The author of the paper will begin with the statement that the Parliamentary Acts of 1911 and 1949 in the United Kingdom form part of the constitution of the United Kingdom. The two Acts are renowned for the eminent role they played in the ultimate reduction of the powers of the House of Lords in various ways.
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In April 2010, the Arizona legislators saw the need to make additional provisions on crimes and penalties related to immigration in the state. This led to the enactment of two laws: SB 1070 and HB 2162. These two laws suffered a setback before their date of effect as the US Department of Justice filed a lawsuit against them. This position paper seeks to explore the pros and cons of the Arizona Immigration Law.
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However, the feminist movement has spotlighted some special concerns concerning incarcerated women, considering that many of the women are mothers, often with children below 18 and in need of maternal support. Previously, women in prison were arrested and incarcerated for violent crimes such as murder, poisoning, and arson.
The succession planning of any organization for its Chief Executive Officer should include a selection process that would take into consideration the following issues: attrition of good talents that were not selected or good midlevel to senior executives and the politicization of the selection process that would do more harm than good to the organization.
In the view of the author, the Act was enforced in the United States mainly in order to provide sufficient land to white invaders, to ensure security against foreign invaders, and to foster Native American civilization. However, the Indian Removal Act 1830 evidently violated the US constitution as the Indians were removed from their land by force.
They are the groups that are given the liberty to protect the citizens of a given place from all kinds of crimes and unlawful activities. These organized crimes are found mostly in areas where minority groups exist or so many people believe (Mastrofski, 2012).
There is no doubt that there are unequal bargaining positions between consumers and companies. Consumers are generally unsophisticated, and, even if they are literate and educated, often do not read the contracts because these contracts are long-winded, boring, and filled with terms that a sophisticated attorney would struggle to comprehend.
The umbrella organs, agencies, and personnel involved in these efforts of reducing and preventing these acts of terrorism, crimes and disorderly behaviors are collectively referred to as homeland security (Coppola, 2008). Particularly, homeland security relates to all the national efforts to prevent criminal acts such as terrorism targeting United States’ citizens, assets, and interests.
I will advise her on the following regarding the issue of consent to treatment; first, I will let her know that consent is an important principle before a patient receives any type of medical treatment (Lynch, 2010, p. 63). She should know that consent can be either implied or be explicit.
The dog was in a restless state and brought his founder to 875 South Bundy, home of former American football player Orenthal James Simpson and spouse Nicole Brown Simpson, now taken by Nicole and their two offspring (Gilbert, 2008). On the path to the house, the corpses of a Caucasian pair were found.
Certainty of intention refers to the settlor’s intention to create trust. Certainty of subject refers to the trust property and certainty of the object refers to the beneficiaries of the trust. Certainty of intention is established by reference to the words used in the disposition of the property.
The insurance company, before issuing a policy, will require proof if insurable interest (Davey 2004). An example is if one was to take an insurance policy on a neighbor’s car, and the car got into an accident, the person will not stand to make any financial loss.