Finance & Accounting Essays

Its success is bestowed in its core values such service, quality and value in all its stakeholders’ lenses. Its main sales are derived from the contracting services: broking. Air partner one of the key players in the industry due its experience of the management, sophisticated operation supported by the blue-sky technology, the strategic alliances it has implemented and the long term-relationship it continues to establish with its strategic partners in the global market.

Hence to be on the safe side the financial analysis is imperative. In this case the concepts of NPV and Payback are the indicators to be used to assess whether the business will carry good returns or not. “Net Present Value (NPV) is the excess of the present value (PV) of future cash inflows to be generated by the project over the amount of initial investment.” On the other hand “Payback period is the length of time it will take the company to recover its initial investment.” In this scenario e.g., if the initial investment is $15,000 and the annual after tax cash saving are $3000, then the payback period would equal 5 years.

Finance is the uncertainty that professionals apply in the decision making and economics of the time. The effects of uncertainty and timing enable businesses to make various economic choices that concern an alternate course of action. International finance refers to the examination of institutions and analysis of various cash flows of different countries.

In activity based costing, it allocates the expenditure of that action simply to the goods which are essentially challenging those actions. “To compete successfully, companies must change the way they report and manage costs. This means replacing old institutions of cost accounting and inventory valuation.

She came back with an honors degree and for that she was promoted to treasury analyst from the administrative assistant, a post she previously held as she had more so been the president’s secretary, Joe- Bob Brinepool, before she left a year ago. Bernice had the notion that the company was performing very well.

It is better to make the estimates of the upcoming costs at the time of identification of the costs. Every cost identified must be carefully sorted out in such a manner that its practical estimates should be managed. Once the estimates are established, the whole forecast should be made in order for actual costs to remain around +/- 5% of the estimated costs.

It is the first local bank as well as the first shareholding company in the country of Kuwait. The organization initiated the operations in a small bank with few employees. The bank relied on the tools of manual and traditional banking and later became one of the largest profitable banks of the region.

It also serves dinner and lunch with the typical burgers, steaks and sandwiches found in all the eateries. The company has franchised most of its outlets and completely owns and operates only around 230 of its restaurants. The company’s current President and CEO is John Miller, while it also has two Executive Vice Presidents namely Frances Allen and Mark Wolfinger.

1.1 Strengths The group decided to provide water, for which there will always be a demand. 1.2 Weaknesses The service may easily be imitated by copycats and competitors. Water purification technology, even that mentioned here, have many counterparts and alternatives which can be used; besides, MIBW4A has no proprietary right to the filters, the mobile payment system, or any element in its business, and there is nothing to stop others from buying the same water filtration system from the same supplier.

The company is incurring in losses which is hurting the profitability of the company. Due to the losses that the company incurred the ROA and ROE of the company are both negatives. The working capital of the firm at the end of the 2nd quarter of 2000 was $811,327.

In order to view the problem from every facet and identify appropriate solution, the researcher has conducted both secondary research and primary research for collecting data. The secondary data was used for conducting a critical review of the literature.

Moreover, the knowledge of finance is not only essential for those who will pursue their career in finance but it also crucial for the individuals who are seeking specialization in the field of marketing, management, accounting and various other disciplines that includes one’s routine life as well.

Empirical study shows the relationship between the introduction of these strategic foreign investments and the resultant influence on domestic Chinese commercial banks. To estimate profit turnover of these domestic banks Berger and Mester (2005) proposed the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) .This is an empirical method that takes into account varying parameters that influence efficiency.

The major ethical and legal issue regarding Worldcom's accounting manipulations stem from the fact that the company decided to treat $3.8 billion in everyday expenses from its operating accounts relating to a Sprint merger as capital investments.

On the contrary, there are some countries in which international accounting standards are considered as an appropriate means for carrying out financial reporting. This difference in their financial reporting is based on varying prejudices and preconceived concerns, the basis of which has often been questioned by experts and proponents of adopting national and international accounting standards.

A ratio analysis has been conducted using various analytical tools, which are described in the paper. The paper contains a summary of quantitative analysis that include the balance sheet analysis, the analysis of the income statement, the cash flow analysis, the analysis of the operating efficiency, the analysis of ROE, credit and liquidity analysis and the growth expectation.

Judging from a short span of time for such a significant asset class to double its value (dubious at best), economists were almost in uniform agreement that an asset bubble had existed during that period and had burst in late 2007. With the benefit of hindsight, experts, pundits and kibitzers alike wonder if the American Federal Reserve Bank could have acted differently and avoided all the heartache of a severe recession.

Females are socialized to be soft spoken, timid and shy. They are told not to use foul language or be too loud and outspoken. Males on the other hand are socialized to be loud, aggressive, and confident in their speech. They tend to use foul language at ease amongst male peers and use their speech and body language to express their power and status quo assigned to them socially.

As an effect of globalization and internationalisation, the competition in the world market has intensified significantly. With such competition, the business organisations are aiming to strengthen their internal capability. In the process of enhancing their competitive advantage over other companies; by developing capabilities, competencies and core competencies, human resource is the most crucial and required factor that must be managed properly (Gary, p.52-53).

While selecting a house which an individual wants to buy he/she takes into consideration the apartment or the house first and then the individual also takes a look at the residential area in which he plans to dwell.

Such regulations can be government formulated, private companies or by social, professional and trade unions. Regulatory bodies have been in existence for several years; regulations can be academic regulations, financial regulation, building and construction regulation, environmental regulation as well as health regulation.

The paper further provides a summary of firm and industry strengths and weaknesses in relation to the future opportunities and threats. UK Food Retail Industry SWOT Analysis: Strengths: UK retail sector is the largest service industry of United Kingdom with employing over three million people in the sector.

The issues come in different forms and impact the organization’s operation. However the common issues that a company has to deal with are financial constraints and intense competition within the industry (Sundararajan, 2005). In this context of the study, the company, Manac Plc is presently facing with issues pertaining to the target profits.

A concise definition was provided by Gapenski (2008), who stated that the budget is the detailed plan, expressed in dollar terms that specify how resources will be used within a period of time. When a health organization's budget pertains to the plan that includes activities, expenses, costs, resources and revenues within a specific period of time, it is called the operational budget.

For the two restaurant types, the “Casual dining” restaurant would be ranked higher than the “Fine dining” restaurant. From the initial information, the “Casual dining” restaurant offers better expected annual revenues and lower expected annual costs excluding the chefs salary than the “Fine dining” restaurant.

If we analyse the past banking history, there were many bank failures and bank runs in many countries in the past. For example, Bank of England in 1946 was established immediately after many bank failures in UK. Between 1930s and 1940s, there were more than 100 bank failures in U.S.A’s financial and banking sector.

In a wider perspective, dividend policy entails decisions that include whether to distribute cash to the company’s investors through share repurchases or particularly designated dividends other that frequent dividends, and whether to depend on stock other than cash distributions (Allen & Michaely 2002).

By looking at quality from a customer’s point of view, the organization in question should be able to consider the following main projections of quality: performance, which refers to a product’s primary characteristics; features which refer to the secondary characteristics of a particular product; reliability which is a consideration of the frequency of a product to fail; conformance where the product matches with its required or intended function; durability which is an aspect that considers the life of a particular product and serviceability which is an understanding of the speed and competence of a particular service or product.

There are several ways of yielding profits for a profit generating entity but the methods are limited for a nonprofit organization. Nonprofit organizations have adopted several financial and accounting techniques to determine the present financial performance of the organization.

Data relating to several variables – inflation, GDP per capita, bond yields, credit rating, CDS spread and Debt/GDP ratio were collected. However, while two variables - CDS spread and Debt/GDP ratio was found to have a significant influence on sovereign default risk in the Euro zone, only one variable – CDS spread had a significant influence for Cyprus.

In an enabling environment however, compliance to any system is not mandatory and firms may either to choose to comply or not. No legal notice bind firms in an enabling environment to comply with certain regulations. The United States applies mandatory corporate governance as its mode of regulation, especially with the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley act.

For both companies to compete with AT&T and Verizon will be paramount if they bring their resources together correctly. Together they will be able to reduce their cost to better compete with AT&T and Verizon. 23 23 References 24 FCC. (2005). The Power that Made Radio Realistic.

es, and derivatives where an investor invests his or her money to mitigate the risk of holding a particular asset through diversification. Diversification of investment spreads the risk over many assets. The concept of simple portfolio diversification is that some securities may not perform as anticipated but other assets might exceed in performance making the actual return of the portfolio reasonably close to anticipated return.

The company incorporates many divisions which include officials holding key positions. However, this study focuses only on the Human Resource division. The company’s performance has been analysed through balanced scorecard analysis and thorough emphasis has been put on the financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business operations perspective as well as learning and growth perspective.

The accounting standards boards of all the countries of the world have always involved themselves into various kinds of politics, both at the national as well as the international level and this had its effect on the course of the formulation of the standards.

She has set a section of her home, one-half of one of her rooms, which therefore is exclusively for her to work. The taxpayer has installed a swimming pool in her rural home in Indiana. Following a recent car accident, the doctor recommended that she use the pool to aid n the process of healing by strengthening her muscles.

Fraud is a term that is generally used to refer to acts of deceit with regard to economic crimes involving money transactions. Fraud is perpetrated by individuals who plot schemes that resemble genuine transactions, but end up being fake or fraudulent transactions with those targeted by fraudsters ending up being the victims of an elaborate con-game.

When the government spends more money compared to the amount it receives through tax, it requires borrowing to cover the gap. The amount that the government borrows with the subtraction of repaying amount is called debt. OECD has predicted that government debt will increase seriously by unmaintainable levels

The introduction and use of the Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) in ships that are required to follow the standards of SOLAS, also known as the Safety of Life at Sea convention by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), has become fully accomplished (IMO 2001).

The work involves building a relationship model among the business processes of vital business activities and needed resources to scrutinize how much of an impact resource damage has on business. This model may be utilized as a replication model to deal with sudden alterations in management environment and quickly allocate resources.

6 4. Financing – How Is The Acquisition To Be Financed? 7 5. Defence Tactics – Were the Tactics Employed Sensible Ones? Were the Managers of the Target Company Genuinely Resisting or Simply Seeking to Squeeze Out a Higher Offer? 8 6. Implementation – Will the Acquired Company be Difficult to Integrate?

Cash Flow Statement constitutes a fundamental part of the financial statements of any organization. The cash flow analysis is primarily based on the cash flows from operational, financing and investment activities. The executives of the companies of are generally curious about identifying ventures which are generating adequate return ratio.

EAR is an investment’s annual rate of interest which accounts for the effect of compounding. The interest that an investor receives or would have to pay is higher than APR stated on the note. In the case of AirJet, the company should take loan from National First as the EAR is lower than Regions best with 10.25%.

Due to its nature of being an imperishable and tough metallic component, gold was mostly used as a means of trading. To understand the importance of investing in gold and silver in today’s market, a historical background is important. It was paper money which replaced gold and silver as a currency.

It can be impacted by the cost of issuing debt and equity, effect on the debt-equity ratios, shareholder and creditor mindsets and even a possibility of bankruptcy. In this case assignment we will look at the debt equity ratios and financial performance for three companies- eBay, the Clorox Company and Darden Restaurants while making a recommendation for the ideal capital structure for each company.

Rather than provide a country-specific analysis, it will look at trends and patterns in global financial governance systems and the underlying structural deficiencies in the IMF-driven neoliberal framework. A recent headline of the British newspaper The Guardian regarding the recent Greek crisis brings up a question that has long been asked by several movements and institutions worldwide: “What makes the IMF think it’s right (…)” about the economy?

This article critique paper particularly focuses on two articles, which have addressed two different but pertinent issues in accounting. The first article“Towards a positive theory of the determination of accounting standards” by Watts and Zimmerman primarily addresses the factors influencing large firms’ management on accounting standards and culture.

According to the “Fortune” magazine, Apple Inc. was considered the most admired company in 2008 in the United States (Goldman, 2012). At present, Apple is the largest publicly traded company by market capitalization in the world. Apple Inc. is the largest technological company in the world in terms of profit and revenue, bigger than Microsoft and Google combined (Hughes, 2012).

The International Accounting Standardization Committee (ISAC) defined the prudence concept as an accounting concept that requires a high level of caution when estimating risk and uncertainty (Erickson, 2010). There are a number of principles that govern this concept.

Indy Mac bank provided loans to the customers without much documentation or verification of their income strengths. Indy Mac was and its profitability was rising considerably due to increasing disbursing of loans. The property prices were high, so if the customers failed to pay the loan back, the possession of the house or property was sold.