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8 pages (2000 words)
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Reportedly, as an entity-level concept, the motivational measures can be enforced to explicate the authority of culture on opinions and determinations in accounting. The reality of cultural variety in the accounting sub-culture renders proof of the significance of intra-country cultural fluctuations.
The author states that the shareholders are the most prominent investors of the company. The market has become liberalized and money from the capital market is one of the prime methods of financing the company. Therefore, it has become important for the companies to project the values to attract the shareholders.
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The author states that a double taxation is charged to Thunderbolt, that is: Utopia charges 25% income tax rate to foreign subsidiaries and at the same time a 5% withholding tax for earnings of foreign subsidiaries is deducted. For the first 3 years, Utopia charges 10% for the first three years for a start-up corporation.
14 pages (3500 words)
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The full-service airlines face downward competitive pressures from the low-cost carriers as obtained from the analysis. Moreover, the revenue generating capacities of most airlines have come down significantly and not enough to cope up with the rising costs. The case study of British Airways illustrates that all the key financial figures show huge losses for the company in 2009.
The author states that for the purpose of evaluating the investment the NPV method has been selected. This represents the excess of the present value of cash inflows over project outflows. The projects with a positive NPV are selected for investing by the management. Other than NPV there are various other methods like Payback, IRR, etc.
Finally, a recommendation has also been given on aspects like asset disposal. The depreciable cost of the crane has been computed after making the necessary adjustments relating to capital expenditures and deducting the expected salvage value of the crane from the total cumulative cost of the asset.
As the discussion, Trends in Banking Regulations After the Crisis, outlines, there is no doubt that the banking sector is undergoing significant changes. It is expected that the banking industry will be less fashionable and heavily regulated with greater state involvement, Greater investor scrutiny, and substantially higher capital levels.
The performance of both the IMF and World Bank despite the massive amount of capital and available has not changed over the years, and will not change if they do not first change their attitude, especially in terms of understanding and respecting the cultural norms practices and values of the countries that are dealing with.
21 pages (5250 words)
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Before the twentieth century, banking crises occurred frequently, at approximately ten-year intervals over the last four centuries. Financial panics caused adverse effects and marked declines in economic activity. Central banks played a key role in preventing financial panics through increasing financial stability.
This assignment will begin with the statement that in assessing capital budgeting decisions, net present value, internal rate of return and payback period are the usual techniques that are used to come up with a decision. Cash flows are vital to all these analyze, but discounted cash flows are more important for the two methods such as the net present value and the internal rate of return.
In view of the recent financial crisis, the most affected of all is the securities market. The industry is taking preventive steps while initiating some radical changes and at the same time investing in new opportunities. The securities market has raised concerns about the methods related to the processing of cash transactions.
“The primary function of inventory is to serve the customer. The inventory may be finished goods, MRO items, or service parts that are carried in a distribution system.” (Toomey, 2000) Almost each and every manufacturing company carries stock and inventory in various forms such as raw materials, Work in progress and finished goods.
9 pages (2250 words)
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If asset-owners dislike risk, the possibility of a capital loss will discourage them from holding bonds, even though they consider a capital gain no less likely than a capital loss. The demand for money arising from this source will be interesting elastic because asset-owners have to weigh the riskiness of bonds against their yield.
At the time of making an investment the benefit of diversification must be taken into consideration. Like in the case of investing in shares the investor takes care of not putting the money in one stock rather a rational investor allocates the funds across the various sectors so as to immunize the portfolio from any adverse happening in a specific sector.
16 pages (4000 words)
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The author states that cash is considered bloodline for a business and that is why cash inflows and cash outflows are treated with utmost care. Based on this is the process of cash flow accounting. Under cash flow accounting only transactions that result from cash inflow and cash outflow are recognized and reported.
One of the new branches of financial management that refers to small-scale financial services is microfinance. These financial services are for lower-income customers that involves micro-target group and small enterprises for trade, agriculture, fishery, services, and etc., which are abundant both in rural and urban areas.
Nowadays, the level of instability and the heightening competition and rate of expansion keeps most securities firm in anything, but a stable condition. The ECG, developing plans with at least three-year time prospects, is basically making use of the fundamental principle of economic theory and this is only not practical.
The author states that one of the problems facing Banco is the manner in which it is managed. It is evident that all policies and procedures are formulated at a headquarters and implemented on other branches. The strategies may be applicable in one branch but not the others due to cultural diversity.
8 pages (2000 words)
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Information gathering and analysis should be augmented by refining processes, where potential errors and omissions are sorts out in early stages. This provides areas where government policy making and implementation is more anchored on accurate data present, and thus policy measures are more realistic and effective on contexts present
It needs to be mentioned that every country has its own currency and business transactions are carried using the base currency. However, with the advent of international business, there has been a rise in foreign exchange suggesting the fact that currencies are exchanged for economic and business purpose.
The International Swaps and Derivatives Association, ISDA, was formed with a view to encourage the prudent global use of privately negotiated derivative agreements and this body has made it possible for participants to relatively easily enter into such agreements through the use of its standardised ISDA Master Agreement.
The Primary objective of hedging is to reduce the price risk of current or potential cash Position, but still, hedgers must be concerned with the cost of risk reduction. When a hedger’s sole objective is to reduce the variability of an underlying position, this Objective is consistent with the objective of minimizing risk.
12 pages (3000 words)
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The second paper reviewed was the “Bank Executive Compensation and Income Management” written by William B. Joyce (2002). To compare with the first academic journal, in Joyce’s study, the flawed system in compensation and the discretionary power of the managers and executives have been pointed out by the author.
HSBC is one of the largest international banking and financial services providing organization. The bank network consists of 9,500 branches in 86 countries throughout the Asia Pacific region, Europe, the Americas, the Middle East, and Africa. The HSBC Group is named after its founding member, the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited.
The data on the bank failure indicate one important aspect of the phenomenon discussed above i.e. most of the banks that failed were those with low deposit and asset base. Low asset base, therefore, does not provide the direct cushion against the losses and recurring losses can, therefore, erode the equity of the bank and result into the failure.
10 pages (2500 words)
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Because this was a short-term investment (or speculation), it was not deemed appropriate to use fundamental analysis for the purpose of exploiting gaps in market information. The prices taken on 15 February were actual prices that did not take into account valuation criteria or technical signals. In other words, it was a pure bet.
11 pages (2750 words)
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It is proved that the existing framework in regard to the monitoring of a firm’s financial report is inadequate; therefore, the alignment of the Chinese accounting standards with the international accounting standards is required – it is assumed that such a decision could lead to the increase of effectiveness of Chinese accounting standards.
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The depreciation of the rupee has increased the costs of imported raw materials, therefore the total costs of business have soared in recent years. Also, the surge in inflation in the Indian market has increased salaries and wages expense that also adds a financial burden to the company. The company now focuses less on market research.
One of the most comprehensive explanations of finance as a business concept was given by Groppeli and Nikbakht. They declared that finance is the application of a number of financial economic principles in order to create and maximize wealth or the overall value of a business. From this explanation, it is safe to surmise that finance is all about money.
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This paper tells that leasing is a method of financing property, equipment, and plant. Organizations, now, prefer long-term financing more than any other methods to finance the equipment. “A lease is a contractual agreement between a lessee and lessor”. A lessee has the right to use an asset and in turn, the lessee must make periodic payments to the owner of the assets, the lessor.
Efficiency means producing maximum output for any given inputs, for example, maximizing the number of transactions recorded per employee, or having minimum inputs for a specified quality and quality of outputs. Outputs mean the outcomes or results of an operation, measurable as the finished goods or services to be provided and its quality.
The paper also deals with the role of the finance manager, i.e. David Green, and the discussion includes a detailed analysis of his position in the company in relation to the planning, control, performance management. The paper will deal with the sources of finance with a focus on loans. Here two alternatives will be provided which are most suitable for Jools.
As the paper highlights, the Balance Sheet clearly shows the liquidity of the intermediary firm to meet its obligations. A firm with more contractual obligations i.e debt but insufficient cash or marketable securities to repay the debt definitely faces liquidity problems. The circumstances turn grimmer with more and more liquidity crisis in the organization.
CareTech PLC is a reputed caregiving organization operating in the UK, which is known for providing the specialized care services to children and elderly people in the society. From the above-mentioned study, it can be concluded that the costing principles and the BCS are used effectively by CareTech to manage its financial resources
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The author states that costs of building constitute the largest risk on the side of costs under residual evaluation. In the United Kingdom, for instance, the Building Cost Information Service publishes building cost information every three months. It is essential to understand that it is a service accessed after subscription.
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Commercial banks might impose restrictions on lending to both business and individuals thus leading to a credit crunch or squeeze. Max Weber’s explanations
Google is unique in the sense that it allows its employees to spend a significant portion of their working hours to be spent on their personal schemes. This is also considered as an effort to bring in more creativity and innovation within the firm and bring in changes which can critically improve the overall brand image of the firm.
Hospital is an important part of the overall economy in the United States. Health care and Hospital expenditure in the United States is the highest among the 30 high-income countries in terms of per capita and percentage of the gross domestic product. Within the last few years, the relative price of health care has been slightly increasing.
14 pages (3500 words)
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When entrepreneurs draw up a business plan and try to get under way, the first hurdles they face are the procedures required to incorporate and register the new firm before they can legally operate. Economies differ greatly in how they regulate the entry of new businesses. In some, the process is straightforward and affordable.
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The author states that positive accounting theory focuses on relationships of individuals that provide resources to the organization. It also focuses on how accounting is used to support these relationships. Theses relationships can be between managers and creditors or owner and mangers.
The author states that Caterpillar provides the design, manufacture, marketing and sales of mining, construction and forestry products while under the second line, Engines, it does the same as the first but this time on electric power generation systems, petroleum, locomotives, marine, industrial, construction, agricultural and other related products.
13 pages (3250 words)
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The process of accountancy involves the communication of financial information regarding any business. The mode of communication is usually in terms of various financial statements that depict the economic resources of the company. Accountancy deals with the selection of information that is important and relevant for the user.
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This issue has to be understood thoroughly before it really happens with you stopping your small beginning for big gains in the future. The point to be noted here is that every tycoon or for that matter every big investor always starts small-- as small as you can ever think of but with the passage of time and their perseverance they become big.
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The merger of Hewlett-Packard and Compaq faced a lot of controversy from Hewlett-Packard’s board of director. Yet, the $19 billion acquisition was formed in May 2009. It was lead by Hewlett-Packard CEO Carly Fiorina. This was a very important move for HP as it was going to acquire a weak operations company
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It helps to reduce governance scandals for corporate and for the restoration and sustainability of investor confidence in regarding negativity of public perception. The Model Audit Rule is designed with several reforms for the elimination of conflicting interests and strengthening internal controls of companies on financial reporting.
According to the paper, The citizens living in and around the capital hope that the budget speech delivered be the chancellor changes things. A lot of changes in the budget speech is evident. Fighting the transactions tax is an example of the counter measures employed in the budget. The chancellor is unsure of the reaction the budget is going to have on London citizens.
According to the paper, many innovations came from the superstructure use to the process, and to the support for these platforms. From deepwater drilling, there are now talks to go to super deepwater drilling which will be based offs the depths of the water. To wrap up the topic at hand is to state which way and where offshore drilling is heading to.
According to the report, the business and services industries require capital in order to finance the initial costs, maintenance and repair of the business from time to time. The sources of funds available include profits from an already existing business, loans, investors, small business scheme, hire purchase or franchise.
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The FMOP is capitalized at an appropriate rate reflecting the risks and rewards of the property and its trading potential. Comparable market transactions can be used. The rent payable on a rent review or the reasonableness of a passing rent should reflect should reflect a return on the tenants capital invested in the operational entity.
The theoretical and empirical literature on the impact of bank regulations, market structure and institutions on the cost of financial intermediation has been reviewed. The theoretical review shows three viewpoints in this regard. Though the empirical studies obtained mixed results in this regard, most results support the institutional view.