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The author states that the definition of FDI originally meant that the investing corporation gained a significant number of shares of the new venture. In recent years, however, companies have been able to make a foreign direct investment that is actually long-term management control as opposed to direct investment in buildings and equipment.
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The principal objective of the definition of development encompasses the optimum use of the factors of production in order to broaden the tax base and create more jobs, thus fueling economic growth. Blakely and Leigh (2009), however, makes the distinction between economic development and economic growth.
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According to the paper, the period resulted in the failure of large banks like Lehman Brothers, Northern Rock, Bear Streams and others across the UK, US and Europe. The failure resulted in some of the banks by acquired by other large banks which promoted government intervention for rescuing the whole financial system.
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The extent of financial leverage or gearing of capital structure can be measured in two ways. One is on the basis of stock terms and the other on basis of flow terms. Under stock terms, the leverage can be measured either by using ‘debt ratio’, i.e., debt to equity or by the ratio of total debts to total capitalization.
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The author states that Qatar is one the most developed countries in the world and according to an article published in Forbes Magazine, it has now become the richest country in the world. The annual per capita income in Qatar has also exceeded 88 Thousand Dollars. It is majorly dependent on its carbon-based mineral resources.
Antonbach Ski Lodge operates mostly during the skiing peak season running from early December through to late March. The target units to be 9,101.7 rooms (Panel C). More specifically, in the east wing, we obtained a target of 30.26 rooms/day while in the west wing it is 45.58 rooms/day. The main implication of this is that the daily revenue is going to increase by $4,255.
When analyzing a company an investor or any other stakeholder would be interested in finding out the liquidity and the solvency of a business. The liquidity of a business can be defined as its ability to pay short-term loans. This can be done through the calculation of liquidity ratios such as the current ratio.
This paper tells that according to U.S code 26 U.S. Code § 731 a partner's gain shall not be deemed recognized to a partner except in cases where the extent of the money distributed is more than the adjusted basis of such a partner's interest in the partnership immediately before the distribution has been done.
International banks have to deal with multiple currencies because of economic globalization and this may involve a change of currencies while for domestic currencies, only a single currency is used. International banks suffer vulnerability to socio-cultural factors, economic changes and therefore have to deal with multiple restrictions while domestic banks are a bit secure to these factors.
Globalization of trade and business is the major factor that helps to differentiate the modern and traditional business concept. The primary difference can be realized through the changing thought process of entrepreneurial and managerial perspectives. The increasing volume of trade and business activities raises the necessity of advanced business models and theories.
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According to Geltner (1993), the main sources of empirical time series data on unsecuritized property returns in the United States is the Russell-NCREIF Index (RNI) and the Evaluation Associates Index (EAI), both of which are appraisal-based indices. Geltner (1993) describes an approach to correct the problem of smoothing and lagging.
BAC lags behind JP Morgan Chase in all ratios examined. The company lags behind more on financial health as compared to management effectiveness where it is performing above the industry average. The performance of BAC can be improved through diversification and growth to more regions especially the growing markets.
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The boom in the price of property in Ireland and specifically Dublin started to recede as hikes in the interest rate started to show up in the year 2006 and 2007. As a result, it became very difficult for the leaving borrowers to pay off their debts which laid the basis of a crash in the housing market.
The banking industry appeals to me most as a career destination that best fits my goals and skills. For quite some time, I have nurtured the dream of finding a challenging role in this sector not only because it helps me realize my dreams but also because it can hone my professional skills.
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A business desiring to establish itself as a market leader must first of all chalk out the financial benefits arising from this initiative and then the manager has to decide the ways of raising the necessary finance. Finance can be raised from various sources like equity and debt.
As such, economic stimuli have to be adopted in a bid to reconstruct the world economy. World War 1 resulted in trade barriers that led to global depression. The United States adopted some plans to stimulate the economy after the war. These included wartime productions, central planning and government initiatives.
This report discusses the financial performance of Ford through conducting ratio analysis of 2008 financial statements. A comparison is made with competitors, including BMW and General Motors (GM) to determine whether the company is performing better or worse than the general automobile industry and competitors.
The clients have higher expectations from the practitioners both in terms of the technical as well as functional services. It has also been noted that the clients are more impressed with practitioners who actually provide advice and complete the returns well in the larger role of the evaluation of the quality of tax services.
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When almost all the industries have severely been hit by the worst economic turmoil of the recent years, it was very interesting to note that Islamic banking and financing industry remained far positive despite the economic recession and it was, as many Islamic banks claimed, experiencing the greater pace of its development.
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Their research had been included to suggest that the financial integration aspect has been applied by banks, to maintain the liquidation possessions at a minimal level shifting their view to profit making. The concept of International integration applies the ventures needed by the banks located within the international setting.
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The US Constitution confers upon Congress the authority to levy taxes and in times of emergency, the authority to levy direct taxes. However, throughout most the 1800s, the congressional authority to collect taxes on income from individuals and entities was challenged.
Through the aid of investment banks like Lehman, the banks securitized these mortgage debts into tranches of securities. The different tranches were to bear a certain amount of losses in the event of a default. Based on the risk they were exposed to, the different tranches of securities had different levels of yields.
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The study found that the cause for high staff turnover at SIA is low job satisfaction. Job satisfaction involves satisfaction with pay, satisfaction with the nature of work and satisfaction with supervision. The employees at SIA are dissatisfied with the basic pay and this is especially so after some years of employment.
This report analyses the financial statements of Inditex and GAP, Inc and compares the two companies’ performances through ratios, vertical and horizontal analysis and the pyramid of ratios. Among the ratios analyzed on this financial analysis include net margin, cash ratio, return on asset ratio, gross margin, the debt-equity ratio among others.
Based on the ratios determined above, the management of BAE Systems’ working capital resources can be analyzed. Considering the liquidity position of the company, it can be stated that there has been a consistent decline in the current ratio and acid test ratio of the company during the past six years.
The actions of Mr Smith to postpone expenditures to the new year such as cancelling or postponing supplier orders, delaying maintenance already planned, and cutting down on the travels and adverts of the end year is ethical enough since it was in the best interest of the company to report an increase in the end year earnings.
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Different financial forecasts between the CFO and the corporate banker. The corporate banker raised red flags while the previous one did not. Despite the bank's financial position, the bank is still willing to work out a plan beneficial to all. Key financial concepts of the case include revolving loan, inventory turnover, and receivables.
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Portfolio investment is a way to maximize the wealth of investors. In this method, different options are selected for investment based upon the embedded risk, performance or expectations regarding that particular investment option. In an investment portfolio, each investment is given an individual allocation of the total corpus of investment.
The workforce in Starbucks is managed with a little difference. Work ethics is differentially applied to generate enthusiasm among employees. Employees are motivated through a good mixture of both financial and non-financial benefits. Performance-based pay encourages baristas to contribute in large measure to the success of the organization.
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An important foundation for the study of women and gender is to be found in the feminist literature of the 1970s. At around this time, scientists had begun to untangle the complex interplay between physical sex, which is biological, and the concept of gender, which affecting all human beings from the moment they are born.
The author states that an unleveraged investment portfolio, of course, cannot loose more than its original amount of capital. Thus, while severe losses can occur, bankruptcy is not a possibility. Once leverage is introduced there is a possibility that an investor could loose all, or more than all, of their capital and be forced from the game.
In the early 1980s, these floating rate instruments had mostly got popular in the European market. Another type of debt instrument which got familiarity in international capital market was zero coupon bonds. At that time US tax system had some loopholes which used to allow a discount on bonds in respect to their par values.
IOs develop a way for cooperation and collective action among nations; they act as a basis of supporting international cooperation according to Endres and Fleming (2002). This may be through organizations including the Brettonwoods institutions and United Nations (UN). There are less formal arrangements including various alliances of countries.
These rules tend to change periodically under the influence of global economic pressures, the local market instability and the changes in priorities set by local governors. In each organization, top managers need to ensure that all business activities are aligned with these rules.
Financial accounts of a company are designed not only to help the company but also provide information to other stakeholders like customers, employees, investors, etc. The International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) has made various proposals to improve the conceptual framework for financial reporting.
Accounting scandals show that rules-based accounting focuses on penalizing companies violating the accounting rules. On the other hand, the principles-based accounting centers on supplying the stakeholders financial reports that fit their decision making demands.
Public finance also takes a close look at the main motivation behind the provision of public goods. It also investigates the rules that guide public sector decision making and the main differences between public and private goods. Public finance also deals with the policies that the government puts in place to regulate the economy.
Therefore, the judgment of the auditor is very important that it is exercised within the scope and is not affected by any external instances that a true and fair opinion is not derived out of that judgment. The auditor has to make sure that he has taken all the evidence and has relied on that evidence without the external pressure.
Auditing is a vital financial undertaking that seeks to reconcile the financial statements of a company with its assets and liabilities. The quality of the process relies on the level of objectivity that the auditors exhibit. The APPB ethical standards 5 is a provision that seeks to guide the operations of the auditing process in public and the private sector.
These are costs that are insensitive to sales volumes; they use time as their function rather than sales volumes. They are costs like rent, insurance, rates, and salaries. These costs will change in relation to sales volumes. They are costs that include both variable and fixed components. After a certain point or level is exceeded, they become variable.
Social enterprise is a new and emerging concept that outlines the need for the application of commercial strategies to maximize the impact of organizations. A social enterprise is not focused on maximizing the wealth of the shareholders but rather is focused on an increase in the overall environmental well-being of the stakeholders.
The financial statement shows the assets, liabilities, expenditure, gross profits, and losses. After their preparation, financial statements give information on the entity’s financial position after experiencing changes during the financial year. A company can be able to make informed financial decisions basing on the financial statement preparation.
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The company is planning to diversify its production into iron ore business. The company will have to expand their operations in the Kalahari manganese field, South Africa. The investment appears very attractive as evident from the demand for iron ore in the market. The steel industry is the primary consumer of iron ore.
These fears were coupled with the determination to prevent the development of a financial system under the control of large institutions or political forces. Moreover, the primary reason of creation of central banks was to reduce these two fears.
This analysis is based on the importance of venture capital in business initiation and development and highlights the differences between public and private equity that could change or facilitate future business growth. Most of the studies discussed here show that public funding is associated with too many disadvantages and business enterprises.
A mortgage is a method of using property, which may be real or personal, as security for the payment of a debt. It is commonly used to mean the mortgage loan and used by people to acquire property through the loan given by the creditor. When one is planning to mortgage a home or finance a large purchase, one needs to be wary of interest rates.
As the paper declares, the present practice of the IMF on the selection and calculation of exchange rates is based on the assumption that members perform their obligations on the due date. The IMF’s unwillingness to make an adjustment is intended to deter members from delaying settlements in order to benefit from an expected appreciation of the currency of settlement.
Modern banking theories have it all when it comes to the reasons as to why banks diversify internationally. Among the important ideas to learn are the motivations of banks as to why they diversify internationally. Why do they go overseas? This is an essential question to address knowing that banks do business with foreigners in the actual setting.
The next thing we have to analyze is that how much we would gain in cost saving in terms of holding the cost of inventory. The new system might initially be a significant cash outflow and would decrease the working capital. On the contrary, we can also opt for some long-term financing. this will keep a moderate cash outflow in terms of installments.
The present credit crisis being faced by BA and other airlines is unprecedented and accordingly, the solutions required to counter will have to be extraordinary. Take the case of fuel price hedging where every move now seems counterproductive. Oil prices have come down from $ 147 a barrel in June 2008 to $ 55 a barrel in November 2008.