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Blood from the right atrium enters right ventricle, and from there is pumped through the pulmonary artery to lungs to get oxygenated. From lungs, blood returns via pulmonary vein to the left atrium, through left ventricle and finally pumped via
The Entamoeba histolytica is of the Eukaryota domain, the phylum Amaebozoa, the class Archamoebae, the order Amoeibida and of the genus Entamoeba1. The parasitic
This action plays a crucial role in the communication between the cells, for instance, it is the first step that occurs to lead to crucial actions like a contraction. Neurotransmitters that are released from the synaptic end of the motor neuron bind with the proteins that are released from T tubules.
nt features: (1) the effects that will enable the process to continue for many generations and (2) enough RNA antisense and sense preparations to trigger interference (Fire et al., 807).
For instance, the above observation is crucial in understanding the interference in that
The production as well as consumption of GMOs has been a hotly debated topic. GMOs have been accepted by the society but a new debate surrounding the labeling of these organisms have spurred. The debate over
Aseptic transfer refers to the several techniques and procedures that are employed to establish control with the aim of minimizing pathogen contamination. A streak plate is a technique in which the spreading of the loopful bacteria over a surface is done till the isolated cell is obtained on the surface.
The sponges are multi-cellular organisms that have pored or channeled bodies. This allows water to circulate through the cells of an animal. The organisms also consist of sandwiched and jelly-like mesohyl in between the two layers of the cells. Polifera is a phylum of the Animalia kingdom, whereas the particular phylum consists of approximately five thousand species.
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These topics of discussion are related, such that reproduction is addressed and how these organisms manage to survive in a certain environment and not the other is also explained. Why does a polar bear survive in Polar Regions and a camel cant? This
As the paper outlines, using aseptic techniques, contamination of the experiments is hindered. The streaking of colonies enables the separation of specific colonies. Spread plates enable the equal spreading of bacteria on a Petri dish allowing the separation and counting of specific colonies (Boundless, 2013).
Every individual is different do things differently. This applies to learning methods too. Some people have one dominant style of learning while others use a mix of different styles. I agree with the results of the quiz that correctly guessed that I use a mix of kinesthetic and read-write methods of learning.
Three mechanisms for helping individuals to conserve and limit the energy used by their computers are as follows (Energy-Efficient Computer Use). Turn off your computer completely if it will not be used for more than 2 hours. Turn off the computer’s monitor if you will not be at the computer for more than 20 minutes.
Consumers are organisms that survive by eating other dead or alive organism. Owl, bird, mice, spider and ladybird are consumers. Detritivores are organism that feed on decomposing matter, mainly dead plant or
The fitness in this context is defined by three different kinds of curve which include; directional selection whereby the traits of a given organism are related to fitness linearly, stabilizing
Institutions such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have sought to provide scientific explanations on how the genetically engineered products are safe. On the other hand, the opponents such as the Organic Consumers Association have continually given the unsafe perspective of the GMO.
The earliest agricultural system in parts of Africa was based on root crops. Recent studies have shown that the ancient Mayan civilization grew crops such as sweet potato, yams and cassava; so too did some African tribes like the Bantu.
Oncogenes are genes that could potentially result in cancer and are expressed in high amounts in tumor cells. The majority of normal cells go through apoptosis, a process that is curtailed by activated oncogenes, causing them to survive and proliferate (Hanahan & Weinberg 2011, p. 654). To cause cancer, oncogenes need another step, such as viral infections or mutations.
Translocation events that lead to the relocation of proto-oncogenes to new sites on the chromosome could result in increased expression. Translocation events that cause fusion between proto-oncogenes and another gene could also lead to the activation of proto-oncogenes, creating a protein of fusion with heightened oncogenic activity.
Countries along the tropics also highly infected with malaria due to their favorable climatic conditions to mosquito breeding. The highly affected areas include Amazon, Central
The spatial organization of Myosin Heavy Chain genes does not portray the temporal expression patterns compared to the homeobox genes and globin. Basically, the Myosin Heavy Chain-embryonic and Myosin Heavy Chain-perinatal are divided by three genes. This arrangement portrays the conservation of sequence among the sequences that are human coding.
This paper offers a description of the function of the TolC gene in salmonella and how this function may relate to intracellular pathogenesis in this organism. Salmonella enterica is a disease-causing organism in human beings. "Salmonella enterica is a pathogen that causes a variety of diseases in humans, ranging from gastroenteritis to bacteremia and typhoid fever" (p. 1372).
lles that work similar to that of a digestive system that ingests foods which is then broken down and the cell’s energy is thus produced in the form of energy rich molecules like ATPs while the procedure of energy creation in a cell is referred as cellular respiration. Now
PKU normally affects prefrontal brain regions, making them unable to execute their functions. It causes various deficits, which hinder the brain from performing various tasks such as problem-solving activities, differentiating colors, brain development. A disease that has very devastating effects on an individual is bound to change that specific individual's biochemistry.
These governments have to hire garbage workers and buy equipment using garbage taxes they impose. It has also become big business for savvy entrepreneurs who literally find money in garbage.
Increasing waste disposal cost causes companies to have an incentive to implement improved waste reducing manufacturing techniques. The same incentive could work for household waste reduction where the cost of
Refuse could be burned either through mass burn combustors, that is as it is, or through processing leading to production of refuse-derived fuel. According to Worrell and Vesilind (2012),
In my own understanding, electricity is a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles -like electrons or protons-, either statically as an accretion of charge or dynamically as a current. The coal used by the Lansing Board comes from the Eastern part of the USA, and it requires approximately 17 coal cars a day to produce electricity to Lansing.
Coyne also overemphasizes on biogeographical things other than creationist approaches. The fact that fossil remains are spread in the world raises a lot of questions and credibility to this theory. In other words, fossils remain in a particular area meaning that evolution only took place in a particular area.
Moreover, geneticists have had immense interest in the sequences that code for the synthesis of the enzymes, as well as defining the definite structure of many enzymes. In a bid to model the pattern of acceleration of processes, scientists have
If all the answers are correct a maximum score of 30 can be obtained. A score of 27 and above is considered normal while score below that will require further assessment for any mental
oxygen and carbon (IV) oxide (Berg 71). In this experiment, Light as a necessity of photosynthesis is the variable under investigation. According to the research design in this experiment, leaf disks float
Though the practice of cloning has been around for years, the controversy of animal cloning emerged with introduction of the first cloned animal in 1996, a sheep referred to as Dolly. Since then, scientist have tied to clone a number of animals including goats, cows, and mice, as well as humans (Smith, 2013, p.1).
There are various biological discoveries that have had a positive impact on my life, which have made me interested in learning more about Biology. The biological discoveries that have affected my life positively include the discovery of the cancer-eliminating virus. New studies have shown that the oncolytic virus can be used to cure people suffering from cancer.
Synarthroses joint does not have a joint cavity. Fibrous cartilage 'or bone tissues grow between the articulating surfaces of the two joined bones and make them unable to move freely against one another. Therefore, they are functionally defined as immovable (or slightly movable) joints that do not allow free movement. Examples include the skull joints.
A virus is also said to be microscopic and cannot be seen by a light microscope. It usually comprises of a protein coated nucleic acid. There is no clear hypothesis pertaining the origin of
in order to estimate the transition rate by physical activity level pooled 3 non-overlapping follow-up periods of 12 years where each period started with a measurement of physical activity. Assessment of physical activity was done basically through questionnaire and calculations
The female worm causes severe pain once the conditions gets right for the emergence from the skin. Moreover, the condition can also infest animals. However, the infection in animals cannot be transferred to human. Moreover, the disease is mostly
The body works in similar fashion to a machine (Platzer, Leonhardt, Frotscher, and Kahle, 2004). This is because It has different systems which make up the body thus enabling it to operate effectively. Just like a machine, if one part is faulty, the rest of the parts will not function effectively (Wolfsthal, 2008).
icity and the actions of the repressor gene ensure important parts of the cell are not destroyed in the process of mutation, molecule breakdown and other activities in the cell that involve a combination of enzymes. The effects of these enzymes are either one fold or two fold
Duchenne, the severe one, affects children due to a mutation in a dystrophin gene resulting in abnormal dystrophin protein, which results in muscle weaknesses. Becker’s dystrophy, with the same gene mutation but of milder form, leads to proximal muscle weakness and disability, but the onset of the disease is at a later age of life.
To fight this environmental pollution healthy and fresh food is absolutely important for the human body. In the present world, in every country be it a developed one or the developing one for any government it is the fundamental work or duty to make sure that each and every person in that country is getting sufficient healthy food.
The lumber industry in Michigan was dependent on the weather due to their reliance on “good winter snowfall”
(Michigan Historical Museum). Essentially it was the runoff of that snow that would enable the loggers to properly float the logs they have cut downriver.
White vinegar is commonly used that is composed of naturally obtained acetic acid that is diluted with water. Vinegar has many health benefits. Apple cider vinegar is found to reduce the body fat content and increase
5-109; 74.6% women) and a subset of participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I (n = 3,164) representing the same birth cohort as a comparison group participated.
Overall, this study suggests that people with exceptional longevity were not
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Associative synchronisation of small neural signals for enhancement further supports the theory on brain coordination efficiency in noisy signal environments. Additionally, the presence of elaborate rhythm in behavioural response to stimuli explains the existence of the Coherence-Through-Communication (CTC) phenomenon in the brain.
The peripheral nervous system greatly consists of nerve cells which are the receptors in the body. The main receptors include the afferent and efferent nerves. These sensory receptors are responsible for detecting any change in the environment. The
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Anti-bodies are a part of a human body’s defense mechanism that fights organisms carrying the disease(Boyden, 1966). Vaccination is the process of a person taking vaccines against certain diseases. Once vaccinated, the person is said to have active immunity until the duration of the effectiveness of the vaccine.
The satellite air quality measurements have come a long way to achieve what is currently a success in IR. They have strengthened their satellite measurements by identifying events tracking, boundaries, and pollution. Multiple sizes and models have been put in place to improve and create an understanding, improving precision.
It occurs when both parents to a patient are carriers of the defective CFTR gene thereby contributing to the embryo. The carrier of a single mutated gene is asymptomatic and cystic fibrosis is passed by co-inheritance of two mutated CFTR genes, a single gene from each parent. It is a deadly disease affecting approximately 30,000 people in the US.