Psychology Essays

This paper discusses three perspectives: Psychoanalytic, Learning, and Ecological Systems. They are different in their perceptions regarding the critical themes of nature/nurture, continuous/discontinuous, and active/passive development, due to their differences on the views of human nature and their interactions with their environment.

“The research on the relationship between father absence and the general level of the child's adjustment reveals that the loss of a father for any reason is associated with poor adjustment, but that absence because of separation, divorce, or desertion may have especially adverse effects” (Lynn cited in Demo and Acock, 1988).

The term refers to a group of psychological brain disorders including uncontrollable body movements, unusual posture, loss of control over urination, and stool excretion. The symptoms of the disease appear within the early years of life, which makes care and attendance of children suffering from it very difficult for parents.

Sexual behavior in Adolescent is actually influenced by some complex set of connections among biology and genetics, personality characteristics, individual perceptions, as well as socio-cultural values and norms. This paper will also include some accurate sources of information which are perceived as accurate by teens.

These topics are not only interesting and related but are also relevant in many fields such as education and society itself. They also invite arguments and fresher perspective on how to see and approach things differently. As a teaser of the video “What My Guitar Taught Me About Improving Education”, can you imagine a professor, yes a university professor, singing on stage Pink Floyd’s song entitled Wall?

Eclectic Therapeutic Intervention.A Critical Analysis and Eclectic Therapeutic Intervention of a Case Study Psychopathology basically deals with the medical sciences especially in the area of mental stress, mental disorder or retarded behavior. The terminology is largely used among the psychiatrists and psychologists where it defines the overall process related to diagnoses and treatment of mental disorders.

Student’s name: Professor’s name: Module title: Module ID: Submission date: Stereotyping, Prejudice and Discrimination The term stereotyping simply refers to the established image of an individual, group, community, nation or a thing the large majority of the members of society have developed in mind, and take that specific person, community or thing within the frame of that concept they have established the image of them.

This research will study how such knowledge can be utilised in order to improve organisations performance by developing effective rewards systems. The findings of this study can be utilised by various stakeholders in applying necessary knowledge to improve employees’ wellness.

The results of the statistical analyses verified the hypothesis that people take longer to name the colors in the incongruent color-word units as compared to the time taken to name the colors in the congruent color-word units. Simply put, the presence of interfering data can hinder the speed of naming ink color.

The concept evolved from the works of a Russian physiologist, Ivan Pavlov, who conditioned dogs to salivate to a certain stimulus. The procedures involve exposing an individual to two different stimuli at the same time. The stimuli are an unconditioned stimulus and conditioned stimulus. The former automatically causes an unconditioned response.

Human psychosexual development involves three components, which are; core gender identity, the sense of self as a male or female, and gender role behaviors. These three components are determined by biological factors such as genetics and hormonal environment or through socio-cognitive mechanisms, which include reinforcement and remodeling on gender-specific behavior.

According to the findings, the individual’s characteristics and behaviors are open systems that are in continuity and consistently changes with time. The main reason being the growth and development of a human being is a gradual process that changes with time and situations. Behaviors traits in childhood are mostly heredity and are influenced by the people’s behaviors around them.

Bullying has, unfortunately, been a part of adolescent life for decades.  Some may call it a rite of passage, but the reality is that it is an often ugly part of school and community life that can lead to lasting emotional and physical trauma.  In extreme cases, it also results in suicide, particularly among vulnerable adolescents, so the seriousness of the problem is clear. 

Psychological Evaluation of the Characters: Movie, “What about Bob?”. This paper talks about the case evaluation of two individuals, portrayed in the movie “What about Bob?” The story develops through the relationship between a psychiatrist, Dr. Leo Marvin and his patient, Mr.

In today’s world, mental health professionals use it in order to evaluate and diagnose mental illness. It is also used in the legal department for instance in custody disputes and criminal defenses. When it comes to determining how effective treatment programs are, the MMPI is also used.

The main characteristic of insomnia, being the lack of sleep by an individual or unwillingly staying awake over long periods, evidently shows a disturbed individual or one suffering from, other related disorders. Although insomnia is a common disorder among elderly people, there is no specific age where an individual can develop this disorder.

As individuals go through the course of life, right from infancy all the way through late adulthood, distinctive stages of development must take place. Successful close of every stage will generate a constructive significance of individual and elevated feelings of self-esteem. In case of interruptions in one of these stages, an unsettled crisis may come up.

When I am totally lost and could not entrust my deepest secrets to family members or friend, I actually turn to a spiritual adviser to seek guidance and direction. After being accorded the chance to be illumined, the uplifting feeling and evident relief become a source of happiness and peace. I, therefore, affirm that when I am at peace, I am happy.

Most of the details concerning the debate on this issue are often so complex that they are at times confusing to the public. Some studies have shown that ordinary or less stressful memories can be quite easily distorted by the individuals involved. The effect of trauma on memories has been a subject of plenty of debate within the different schools.

The actual number of children who are sexually abused still remains an estimate and the agencies that keep current numbers on child sexual abuse reports did not necessarily keep statistics when most of the women today were children (Duncan, 2004, p. 67). Research indicates that between 15 percent and 45 percent of children were abused during this period.

A one-way ANOVA did not show a significant effect of the independent variable. This finding may not reflect the true nature of this association. The lack of a significant effect may be due to moderating or otherwise confounding variables that were not accounted for in this study’s design.

In any case, the concept of ethics and ethical conduct comes under much light in this case. As appears, several instances demonstrate the very fact that ethical conduct has been ignored while other situations depict ethical conduct. More still, we evidence situations of an ethical dilemma with characters battling with their conscience.

This paper examines the issues of elder hood, the grief that the old people go through when they attain their prime age. It expounds on the various diseases that affect the elderly people and the problems they encounter when they have reached this age. The above are natural and biological phenomenon’s that are beyond man’s control. Old age is a stage in life where the people in them need to adopt certain new skills, newer mind sets along with socialization customs.

The paper aims in finding out a relation of the stress related to work and in what ways they are associated with qualification level, interactions among the people and gender differences. Work related stress and its outcome are one of the major challenging areas of intervention in the complex world of business today. The prime reason for development of the stress related to work is explained with various theories and their intuitive explanation.

The definition that is accepted by many disciplines of Anthropology is one proposed by British Anthropologist Edward Tylor according to whom, “complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society”

The division between the sensible reaction and the cognitive one is pronounced in this duality articulated by Diener. And, this division is one of the themes that pervade the work. For instance, although most of the majority of individuals believe through their emotions that having children ought to be a means toward our common end.

A function preceding the candidate recruitment helps create a pool of prospective employees for the organization to assist the management in selecting the right candidate for the right job from this pool. Edwin B. Flippo describes recruitment as the process of searching the candidates for employment and stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organization.

Different psychologists have different views regarding personality; some believe that unconscious forces in personality influence behavior, some believe that behavior is influenced by inborn or learned traits, while others believe in cognitive and environmental factors. The paper will discuss some of the personality theories.

This occurs after an infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV. Between the male and female gender, the female gender is most affected by the scourge. This is because the group is quite vulnerable in society and is prone to many negative issues such as abuse from the public, social stigma, inadequate medical attention, and poor dieting.

How would you explain the placebo effect and the role of endorphins to patients who wish to try unproven treatment methods that they might see on TV, or find on the internet?A placebo is a substance or additional type of treatment that appears just like a normal treatment or medicine, but it is not.

Nothing will be able to de-motivate or intimidate them from achieving their goals. “Kids who feel good about themselves believe they can do anything”, Cowan (2005, p.55) writes. The self-confidence with which a child enters his teenage helps him to benefit from his age; while, a child who enters adolescence with low sense of self-worth is likely to undergo delinquency, inferiority complex, under-achievement and off-putting peer pressure.

Using an ideographic approach, each interview was separately analyzed until finally the results from each interview were cumulatively compared, male or female. The researchers achieved internal validity and reliability by reflective listing during interviews to ensure the internal coherence of the analysis.

According to the report stress is triggered by a lot of factors. Bullying is one such factor. Bullying has a lot of forms. For instance, there is workplace bullying, school bullying etc. The effects of bullying are largely psychological, leaving a deep impact on the victim. Children are the most vulnerable to bullying and many a times they are too scared to tell their parents about it.

This includes facts, ideas, concepts and theories; which are arranged symbolically and are accessed automatically and organically (Galotti, 2007). It has an enormous capacity; and this makes the understanding of the organization of semantic memory rather difficult.

The Tarasoff case is significant in examining landmark legal cases and application of the ACA code of ethics. In this case, Tatiana Tarasoff and Poddar were students at the University of California at Berkeley. Poddar confessed to university health psychologist that he wanted to kill an unnamed girl who was identified as Tatiana in response to her refusal or rejecting his romantic advances (Tarasoff vs.

Many psychologists find that the personal information does not have value to the vocational counseling. It is therefore important for psychologists to understand the connection between vocational interests and personality. Secondly, they should understand and give proper explanations of these connections, why they occur and their meaning.

Generally, it is already very difficult to explain and describe what true love is, all the more it becomes tougher to describe or explain or even discuss what maternal love is all about. There are some things that cannot be expressed in words; you need to experience them if you want to cognize them.

The technique of behavior modification is used to apply the principles of reinforcement or other learning principles to help a person adapt to the environment. This technique is helpful to change the behaviors of people. This method is based on the principles propagated by Skinner known as applied behavior analysis.

The fundamental thesis of the researchers is that evidence-based treatments are effective strategies in approaching mental disorders. In order to explain this, the article explored three important areas, namely: the transition from theory into practical applications by moving towards disseminating treatments in community settings; moving towards personalized mental health care; etc.

Depressive patients show many behavioural changes in their life. It is easy to identify those changes for the friends, relatives and family members. People with depression may not sleep well. They may roll on the bed because of their inability to fall asleep. Various thoughts haunt them and during night and day and they may show restlessness all the time.

The researchers of this particular research sought the opportunity to use their medium to critically study the rigorousness and level of integrity that accompanies online educational courses as against offline educational courses. Online educational courses included those academic courses offered by educational institutions exclusively through the Internet.

Health-related sickness due to noise has necessitated the application of strategies to counter its pollution. Some noise reduction techniques at the workplace and the general environment include; the use of modern technology, by use of computer microprocessor to develop opposing sound waves, to alter the transmission of noise waves.

Amongst the main objectives in this study was to identify how amount of sleep affects the GPA of different students across varied levels (per class). In order to obtain effective data to enhance discussions and making conclusions, the study interviewed juniors, seniors, freshmen, and sophomores. From the findings it was obvious that amount of sleep affects the GPA of students across different classes.

The health status of an individual can be regarded to be significantly dependent upon the nature of the food that he/she consumes. In recent times, a greater emphasis is likely to be given to food habits as it has been noticed in several types of research that the changing lifestyles and food habits have resulted in several diseases among the people (Barzegari, Ebrahimi, Azizi, & Ranjbar, 2011).

This is when the focus shifts from observation to actualization of what has been learned so far (Newman & Newman, 2011). This means that, at this stage the individual starts pursuing and performing multiple roles in society.

Test items are specific referencing questions on the test. Development of an item guided by a set of agreed objectives to the test questions. Thus for an item, to be significant it must be referring to the objective of interest to be measured. Test specifications however, dictate on how each objective should be measured by one or more items.

The Pearson’s correlation coefficient for the gender and neurotic variables is – 0. 288. This shows that the two variables are not related and therefore, during computation they should not be grouped together. Apart from the 10 SDR items, there were three other variables that were used in analyzing neuroticism.

It engulfs people’s lives by interfering with their ability to work, have fun with others, study, sleep, or even eat. The feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness, and helplessness are always extreme and unrelenting with little relief. These are characteristics of a depressed person.

Students’ learning mannerisms replicate their implicit individual theories regarding variables for creating failure and success within schools. In the scientific context, children enter schools and discover what makes them successful in the learning atmosphere. Children make judgments based on the experiences they have in schools.

Williams has looked for certain traits in his victims: black youngsters from poor neighborhoods. He has concealed the bodies, many of whom were found after long intervals. In accordance with the AE suspect profile, Williams is highly intelligent, as seen in his description as “a talented and motivated young man”, who could a radio station in his basement.