Psychology Essays

Twenty patients were recruited into the program; 9 addicted to cocaine only and 11 addicted to cocaine and alcohol. Tetracaine and mannitol were used as the conditioning chemicals during the treatment period. Patients were supposed to snort the mixture in order to get the sensation of street cocaine.

Aggression and anger have been a problem to deal with in prisons for a long time. The universal decision to have anger therapy programs in the prison was majorly stimulated by concerns of prison management considering the elaborate and aggressive behavior of the offenders. The Home Office reported increased figures of disciplinary cases as a result of aggression and anger.

The origin of the drug is the hemp plant that has several ingredients. The use of marijuana has several effects on the human brain. The active ingredients of the drug affect normal cognitive processes. In most cases, cannabis alters these processes by either activation or inhibition of different parts of the brain during the performance of usual tasks.

My friends and family all tell me that soda drinking is bad for my health, and I agree. On the other hand, I can't seem to shake off the habit because I find myself looking for soda many times during the day. It seems to have taken on the dimension of an ingrained habit or even an addiction.

She is evidently suffering from some memory loss as she is unable to recognize her husband. She is also seen mumbling to the oven and this is indicative of the confusion she has in making meanings out of her surroundings. She is pale and this could be suggestive of some physical illness or discomfort she has.

It is essential to state that Pennsylvania childcare standards are devised and disseminated to ease the safety and health care of a child in a daycare facility and to aid families by providing care that promotes the cognitive, emotional, perceptual-motor, communicative, social, and physical progress of the child.

The first name that comes to mind when one encounters the subject of psychology and psychodynamics is Sigmund Freud, a psychologist of a great renown who founded the psychodynamic model among other elements, concepts and principles of psychology.

Watson was an American psychologist who developed the psychological thought of behaviorism. According to his behaviorist approach, he carried out research on animal behavior, advertising, and childbearing (Benjamin, 2006). His article titled, Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It details his position on behaviorist psychology.

Several people always derive a variety of implications from conversations. There was one instance when a friend of mine had negative perceptions regarding the topic we were discussing. This made him come up with unauthorized implications relevant to the messages we put across from that conversation.

The writer acknowledges that throughout his stay with the community, he found out from the members that their strengths are within the larger community and fellowships that they normally carry out. Although members have different opinions about their strength, many agree that it’s the fellowships that keep them stronger.

 In the previous three decades, PTSD has gotten the attention of mental health experts and the public at large. PTSD was initially brought into the DSM-III (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) in 1980. The study of PTSD is essential in helping clinicians conceptualize the reactions of patients to horrific and life-threatening experiences.

Health is a crucial component of human life; in this regard, it is crucial to have an understanding of the various concepts that relate to human health. This paper will discuss the two definitions of health and illness, as well as explain the bio-psychosocial model of health. Moreover, the paper will explain the theories of self-efficacy and Locus of control.

This is especially when they utilize their skills to offer solutions in the judicial system hence they perform many roles. Clinical psychology, on the other hand, is a combination of many disciplines- science, theory, and clinical knowledge to understand, prevent, and reveal psychological distress in personal development, (Linden and Paul 67).

The presence of his sister in the data collected could negatively affect the results due to multiple relationships involved with a respondent in the study. To maintain anonymity, the researcher could restructure his questionnaire to avoid the inclusion of very personalized information among the respondents.

As seen in the works of numerous analysts and researchers, smoking has both positive and negative implications on the health of a human being. Amongst the effects of smoking in an individual involves reducing the appetite of the individual, increasing the stress levels of the users as well as generally affect the health of an individual.

This theory proposed by Bronfenbrenner discusses the sociocultural view of the development of human beings stating that the social interaction of persons plays an integral role in cognition and that every function in the cultural development of the child appears twice in his lifetime (Hutchison, 2003).

Stress at work or work-related stress is a response developed by employees when presented with work demands and pressures that are not appropriate to their knowledge and abilities. The demands of the work also challenge the ability of employees to cope in the workplace. Stress affects employees in a wide range of circumstances.

NPD is one of the common personality disorders that are considered as an ingrained issue in an individual’s personality. It may prove as a behavioral issue with continuously changing behavioral patterns over time. A victim of NPD is more likely to become intolerant and inflexible in certain situations where social associations or interactions are observed.

A significant number of women use drugs when pregnant. If the mother uses drugs, they affect the development of the child at almost all stages of development during pregnancy. The drugs can seep into the placenta and affect how it works leading to problems, especially to the baby. The baby might not get adequate oxygen or other nutrients.

One way to achieve balance is via the use of the teeter-totter, where tension and relaxation are balanced by coping as the fulcrum. When one’s titter-totter is balanced, then one has managed stress, they can be happy. One has to be sure of what controls the pressure in their life and how they can keep a healthy balance of relaxation and tension.

According to the paper reading fluency is the ability to decode words effectively without any effort and to comprehend what has been said in the text. Research done by various eminent researchers has been used in order to find out the best ways of increasing automaticity among children. These ways have been listed won and then discussion has been provided on the intervention techniques which are most effective and successful for improving automaticity and reading fluency.

Physical issues with development parallel the child's emotional and cognitive development in that it shows appropriate activities and sets markers for tracking motor skills and the psychological aspects. In the first year of life, the child is orally fixated (Freudian theory), but it's not due to any sexual interest due to simple exploration.

There are a number of physical illnesses which can adequately be diagnosed through, for example, a toxicology screen. Biochemical markers in the human body, can be measured sufficiently to diagnose an entire corpus or wide-range of treatable health problems.

According to Saison, Smith, Robinson and Segal (2010) the Internet provides ongoing entertainment that a person can tie into as much time as they want. They can find blogs, email, chat rooms and more all accessible immediately through the Internet. Social networking provides a major way that teens are able to talk with a variety of people.

Kelly’s theory of personal constructs explains further about this assumption. It explains how people act upon our ‘core constructs’, our deeply-held ethics and ideology in a particular situation. For an example, when people face paradoxical information against our core constructs, there are likely any chances of changing our constructs.

Tracing the Definition of Psychology. Psychology is identified by William James as a discipline that focuses on the brain or mind (Butler & McManus 1998). However, even though psychologists try to understand the complex workings of the brain, there are still some ambiguities in the way human beings are able to experience and express anxieties, sadness, hopes, and desires.

Biopsychosocial model Biopsychosocial Model Psychologists and physicians analyse or view human diseases through different lenses. While physicians analyse each diseases with the help of biomedical model, psychologists give more importance to the biopsychosocial model while analysing the causes of diseases and determine the treatment options.

Doctors hold the consensus that bad childhood experiences can be a potential cause of claustrophobia in adulthood. Some researchers are of the view that claustrophobia can be a deformity of an evolutionary mechanism of survival. If a person has felt nervous in enclosed places in the past, it is likely for him/her to eventually develop claustrophobia.

Does beauty really lie in the eye of the beholder? Or is there a universal consensus based on scientific/logical reasoning behind the same? What factors influence and govern the laws of attraction? The intriguing concept of 'attraction' has fascinated individuals, researchers, and psychologists alike.

In addition, trait theories, including Allport and Cattell theories, propose that personalities integrate broad dispositions. They are presumptions used to define personality traits in psychology. Application of these theories is apparent in the modern psychology practices especially in counseling and assessment as well as classification of individuals’ personalities and behaviors.

Similarly, a healthy person does feel much better than one who is sick; if we are rested and not have wrong substances within our body, like toxins, it is obvious that we would be feeling good about ourselves and everything else too. Thus, there is a requirement of there being a proper foundation in health if the person wants to feel good.

Placing ads at online job placement sites such as Monster.com can be an effective way to attract traffic quickly to the advertisement. The ad will state that interested parties can apply to the job by sending a copy of their resume to an email or physical address.

Why do Americans use so many legal drugs (for example, alcohol, tobacco, and OTC drugs)? What aspects of our society promote extensive drug use? One of the reasons that legal drugs are used to the extent that they are indulged is that the culture of the United States is defined by its show of both wealth and indulgence.

In his theory, Erikson organized human life into eight stages which run from birth to death.  Every stage involves particular developmental task which are naturally psychosocial.  These tasks are often cited using two conflicting terms. According to Erikson development theory, every human being must pass through a sequence of eight interrelated stages.

A human being is a social being. A human being’s environment plays a major role in the development and growth of his personality. It has been observed that not only the development of external aspects of personality but also the development of internal aspects of personality like thinking patterns and beliefs are influenced by his environment.

Abnormal Psychology Introduction Abnormal psychology is a branch that deals with abnormal behaviors and psychopathology. The study usually covers areas such as depression, compulsion, obsession, sexual deviation, and other behavioral disorders. In this field of study, there are usually clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, counselors, and psychotherapists who offer counseling, diagnosis and treatments.

On investigation of the term “self-esteem” one discovers that it appears to be a wild horse that no researcher or practitioner has ever been able to tame. This idea of untamed self-esteem is ludicrous given that self-esteem is affecting one’s motivation, functional behaviour, and life satisfaction, and is significantly related o well being throughout life.

The concept of falling in love has been in existence for decades. With the passage of time, several theories have been proposed to explain the psychological and physiological changes in individuals who fall in love. In this paper, we explain the physiological impacts of Love on an individual and analyze the mental states.

The scientific, human development study endeavors to comprehend and give an explanation as to how and the reasons why people transform throughout life. The characteristics of human development are depicted from various methods such as emotional, social, physical, perceptual, intellectual as well as personality development.

The discourse on human behavior is aplenty considering that a lot of research has been conducted in this area. Research in this area draws itself from various disciplines of life; hence, it is no surprise that various perspectives have been offered in this regard by various researchers. The notion of sex differences is embedded in the Essentialist or, equivalently, the Social Constructionist view.

Disciplining children has always been a bit debatable subject amongst child psychologists for decades. A great deal of controversy prevails about the appropriate ways to discipline children. Parents and caretakers are confused about how to infuse discipline in their child. Many consider child discipline as enforcing punishment and control over them

Domestic violence happens when one or more members of a family continually experience mental or physical abuse from those members who wish to control and dominate. Presence of a sympathetic adult around children who can help the children to cope with their problems is absolutely necessary.

Many negative experiences occur during this period of the ageing process that would influence personality change. There are also positive changes that influence an individual’s personality change. The number of older adults in the world has been increasing over the years, and gerontologists have intensified their study on this particular group.

The author of the paper explains that Marie is 68 years old and therefore she is in the last stage of psychosocial development. Her two daughters are between 40-50 years old and are in the second last stage of development which comprises of individuals in the bracket of 25-64 years old.

The author states that the increased reliance on psychological testing makes it more important than ever to ensure that a test is valid and accurate, that the results it produces are actually relevant. For example, there are many psychological tests that you can take on websites which evaluate things such as the strength of a couple’s relationship.

Parfit's belief is that the facts concerning personal identity exist in particular facts about the connectedness of psychology and that personal identity could be reduced to the said connectedness. Parfit is informed that his view concerning personal identity is not whatever many individuals perceive about persons.

As it is well understood from various research articles and forums, child trauma has a profound impact on the social, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional well-being of the children in contention.  The organizational and functional status of a developed brain is mainly determined from childhood with developmental experiences.

It investigated whether or not there is a relationship between personality type, metacognitive beliefs, socio-cultural factors, and the student's attitude and behavior towards alcohol consumption. In this regard, an empirical research study was conducted among 85 British and European students between the ages of 18 and 30 enrolled at Kingston University.

For the last decade or so, the family therapy movement has made unrelenting efforts to offer a detailed elucidation of both the beauty and mystery of the family. It is worth noting that family therapy is grounded on the belief that a family is an outstanding social system, characterized by its own communication structures and patterns.

The article aims to understand if evolutionary psychology has potential to become a metatheory for psychology. In an effort to know this, the authors have compared the views and perspectives of evolutionary psychology and evolutionary developmental biology to see if evolutionary psychology is complete and broad enough to include all the perspectives of some of the major issues in psychology.