Macro & Microeconomics Essays

The barter system and monetized system of exchange have been predominantly used in societies with different political, economic and social situations, and they have both advantages and disadvantages. Barter is carried out without using money. Money is, on the other hand, is anything widely accepted in exchange for goods and services.

This was an increment of approximately 4.6 billion dollars from October the same year. The value of the US trade deficit is positive when the total services and goods imported by the US exceed the total services and goods it exports. This trade deficit on the part of the US has a huge significance o the country’s economy, as the nation is among the most significant countries that engage in international trade.

The Euro crisis is an American problem, and American nationals should worry about it. Majority of people do not understand the implications of the disintegration of the European currency that is common to seventeen nations. It is important to note that the European Union is the largest economy in the world and a collapse or a fall of the euro zone would lead to a chain of bank failures, mass unemployment, financial crunches, and popular panic.

The current financial crisis is considered by many to be the worst crisis in the financial sector since the Great Depression because it has not only affected the US but its effects have also been felt globally. This crisis has threatened the collapse of some big financial institutions and it has made governments use up a large amount of money.

However, America has a local and state tax system that is very polar to these beliefs with the wealthy paying almost half the taxes that the less well off. In its comprehensive report, in 2009, the Institute of Taxation and Economic policy did an analysis of all states in the U.S., in addition to other major localities, and discovered that local and state tax systems are very regressive (Davis et al 2).

In Bolton, the local economy is considerably good, and residents have enough money at their disposal to use for meals at restaurants. For the restaurant under discussion to be successful, the manager must focus on managing the demand for profit maximization. This is through ensuring that the quantity supplied is utilized maximally.

What is the goal of the study? The report encircles the discussion on how an important explanatory factor can play its role on the capacity to pay of commodities. The aim is the report is to show with new database that the states of Brazil with natural endowments had the opportunity to export commodities that were highly demanded worldwide but ended up with higher per capita revenues as well as lower cost of capital.

Some may argue that a monopoly is beneficial to the economy. This is farther from the truth since it has several disadvantages making it inefficient in the economy. The disadvantages include the fact that monopoly leads to poor service delivery since there is no competition where customers can turn in case of dissatisfaction.

Those changes may be attributed to technological, demographic and industrialization changes respectively (Tucker, 2011). This may further force on organisation to incur huge capital expenditure as it tries to retrain its employees (Tucker, 2011). In above connection, structural unemployment is long rather than short term economic condition.

It is always important to take into consideration a number of factors before engaging in any business venture both locally and internationally. However, it is worth noting that when it comes to international business development one needs to familiarize himself or herself with the aggregate economic trend of that country so that it would be easy to forecast expected returns.

Though businesses may seem to be big enough to fail, some problems may complicate the ability of public officials to manage the crisis. The following essay shows how economics can change due to financial panics. Crisis in economics can result from different factors like events that touched off the crisis and the finance system structural weaknesses

In the end, the decision to eat healthy foods lies squarely on people at personal levels because as much as fast foods may market themselves they do not force people to eat from their establishments. Therefore, the American population should also explore other factors as contributors to obesity such as irresponsible eating habits, lack of physical exercise, and poor food options.

However, the two are interdependent in that they both examine impacts of business activities in terms of demand and supply. Microeconomics can be defined as a branch of economics which studies the behavior of individuals and the firms in making business decisions regarding resource allocation and price of goods and services.

The European Convention on Human Rights became an advocate for human rights believing that the most serious human rights violations had occurred during the Second World War, the Holocaust. Second, the convention responded to the growth of Communism in Eastern Europe by protecting the member states from communist subversion.

This will be achieved through analyzing concepts related to micro and macroeconomics on the various events. It will also involve analyzing them and establishing causal connections as well as making comparisons. Macroeconomic policies involve fiscal policy concerned with government expenditure, revenue collection, and monetary policy.

Through GCC, military chiefs of the six nations developed and implemented a joint defense plan to protect themselves. On trade matters, GCC helps member countries to make consultations and develop common policies that cover trade, investment, banking and finance, transport, and protection of intellectual property rights.

U.S. Demographics to the Year 2050 and the Outlook for Social Security The success of the scheme highly depends on the ratio of the working class to retirees. There is one monumental challenge that the social security scheme faces; it must ensure that the income is always higher than the expenditure to ensure sustainability of the system.

It will also explain why despite their huge prices certain consumers will still buy them. In the past, electronic vehicles did not attain any considerable market share. According to Levine, this was because they were hugely expensive and their batteries did not have long lifespan as well as having high maintenance costs and dismal performance on the road.

This model discusses the long-run accumulation of capital stock that is consistent with the steady-state rate of growth in a particular economy. This is the neo-classical model of economic growth. Two scientists independently developed this exogenous growth model. This steady-state rate of growth is consistent with the economy’s natural rate of output.

This paper focuses on provision of the detailed analysis of the current state of the economy of Poland. The economy of this country is based on the liberalization policies, where the government engaged in privatizing small and medium enterprises in the 1990s. The economy of Poland is the six largest in the EU, with a high growth rates

However, certain assumptions in the study of economics may seem as illogical as well as unrealistic, which makes it hard to be reconciled with other fields of thought such as the sciences, and this factor makes the sciences seem much more rewarding than the field of economics (Dow, 2002; Stephan, 1996).

Buyers and sellers interact directly in markets or indirectly via intermediaries. The purpose of this is to trade goods and services. The market is characterized by the operation of the forces of demand and supply. Markets include all the procedures for determining prices set for goods and services, communicating this price between the willing buyer and seller, finalizing the transactions, and final distribution of the goods and services (Thompson, 2007).

The author compares two countries involving in international trade - Brazil and Japan. Trade between these two countries has winners and losers. When Brazil exports its products to Japan, the winners are the consumers buying the products in Japan. The losers involved in this example of trade are the producers of the similar type of imported products in Japan.

There has been a heated debate in the economic circles, with some people arguing that democracy is a prerequisite for economic development and others thinking that democracy lead to economic slowdown. In a democratic government system, the entire population or the chosen member of a nation have a voice in governance through the chosen representatives.

The data apparently came from the monitoring agency of the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) where monthly food price index was effectively used to measure the apparent changes in international prices of a basket of food commodities.

The important thing in the free market is the different types of free-market philosophy which include the concept of unrestricted free-market philosophy, and the competitive free-market philosophy. The Philosophy of the unrestricted free market means that the market of the goods does not need permissions of importations from other parties even from the ministry of commerce.

Agriculture has altered the lifestyle of the African people completely as South Africa largely is an agricultural country. South African economy has been a generally fluctuating economy. According to the observation of the World Bank, it can be idealized that in the middle-income nations economic regress can occur as rapidly as economic progress.

Although, all these people will work in-group for the effective functioning of the organization, there will be an hierarchy. This hierarchy defines the position of the various people inside the organization, with one section of people calling the shots and asking the other sections to function according to their ‘diktats’.

It ensures the economy achieves desired output and employment. Other economists advocate for use of monetary policy due to some problems with a fiscal policy such as the crowding out effect. Britain makes use of fiscal policy to run the economy. This policy is used to stimulate aggregate demand especially when the economy is in a recession.

The number of probable customers that may buy the custom printed t-shirts influence the size of the market. If the size of the market diminishes, the demand for custom printed t-shirts will decrease. This means the custom printed t-shirts will be more costly and there will less probable customers (Elliot & Elliot 1997, p. 46).

Economists are in agreement that prices and quantities are descriptively the most observable attributes of individual interests that interact within a market structure to facilitate a mutually beneficial exchange as envisaged by Adam Smith (Friedman 145).

The global financial crisis and the debt crisis in Europe had severe impacts on the economy of Europe that melted down into other economies all over the world. The main bloodstream of Europe is the interbank credit system that enables the banks in Europe to avail credits from other banks of the European Union.

The annual growth witnessed in Russia from 2000 to 2008 is no longer the case. However, there is a search on the part of countries for newer alternatives to energy sources. Climate change is one factor. The increase in prices in 2007-2008 is another reason.

This saw development of industries such as Saudi Arabia dairy industry which has claimed a big share of the both the domestic and gulf region market. After noting the need for a dairy industry, the Saudi Arabian government gave subsidies to local entrepreneurs to enable them invest in the dairy industry.

Discussions trying to figure out what is the best: the policy of protectionism, which leads to the development of national industry, or free trade, which allows directly to compare national costs of production with international indicators, have become a subject of centuries-old dispute among economists and politicians.

Biofuels are the main, alternative energy source that is suitable for use in vehicles without necessitating technological changes. This has led to an increased demand for biofuel production. The increased demand for biofuels has led to an increased level of production. This leads to a higher demand for corn for biofuel production, and consumption.

The United States Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has shown an increasing trend of 1.8 percent in the first three months of the year 2011. It is further estimated by the Bureau of Economic Analysis that the GDP will increase up to 3.3 percent by the end of the second quarter of 2011.

The section below discusses major problems when dealing with health in rural India. Poor health policies and inadequate training of the medical personnel The introduction of selective health care provision by the colonial government in India was the basis of the “modern medicine “as referred to by Indians (Ashok et al 11).

The United State’s financial reputation on an international level 6. A domestic automotive manufacturing (exporter) 7. An Italian clothing company (importer) 8. GDP Tax payers The deficit, surplus and debt of United States have a significant effect on the taxpayers.

This paper outlines the historical significance of Karl Marx, as economic and social thinker. As it is shown in the paper, until lately, nearly half of the world’s population lived under authorities that claim to be Marxist. It shows that Marx’s works had been modified and his meaning changed to fit a variety of political circumstance.

However, the Economic and Monetary Union of these European nations have created the recent economic crisis, which commenced in 2008. Italy, as one of its Member States, has been facing a serious economic downturn, and it is projected to last until the next two consecutive years.

The currency of Rodamia must be either strong or at par with the valuation of other currencies otherwise the consumers of the country will not be able to purchase goods in the global economy. A strong currency boosts the confidence of the consumers and acts as an encouragement to the investors.

The last twenty years saw Dubai grow into a major item for tourists. The global airport remained launched in 1959. Stimulated by the realization of oil in 1966, a few young hotels started to open to cater to the requirements of Dubai’s developing economy. In the middle of the 1980s, the formation of major organizations began that came to force the growth of the Dubai tourism group.

While supply refers to the amount of goods sellers, are willing and are able to bring into the market at any one given time (Brown 2010). This is at the current prices in the market. This brings in the fact that the market has two major players. The buyers and sellers.

The article of Mark Buchanan at Bloomberg entitled “What to Do When the Invisible Hand Stops Working” best exemplified two of the most prominent economic principles which are the market’s invisible hand of Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes’ necessity for the government to intervene (usually with its fiscal and monetary policy). 

The author states that some of these goals are complementary, meaning when one goal is achieved, other goals may also be realized. However, there are some goals which may conflict with the other. This is because, in order to achieve a certain goal, there may be a need to sacrifice another.

The following paper explains different market structures extracted from the book ‘The Grapes of Wrath’ by John Steinbeck. The main characters in the book are farmers and the era where the story is set is that of the Great Depression. Like numerous other farmers and small business owners, the individuals depicted in the story try to sell their produce.

According to the paper, countries, which encourage tourism, are forced to preserve the beauty of the environment to attract tourists. So, the conservation of wildlife and natural resources can be considered as positive environmental impacts of tourism. It is recommended, for the underdeveloped countries to promote tourism as an industry.

The position and role of unskilled labor in America have undergone many changes over the years owing to a myriad factors ranging from social, political, economic, demographic and others.

Latin America’s trade policies and economic recovery still have a long way to go in achieving fruition. The financial problems that grew from the distant past have accumulated over the years that it makes it difficult for current citizens to untangle in order to move on. Latin American countries continue to aspire to stabilize their economic situation and participate more in trading endeavors.