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What is terrorism? Perhaps someone asks you to define, there exists a common notion that every Muslim is a terrorist, though in most cases so far documented, most of the terrorists have been established to profess the Islamic faith leading to a common belief that every terrorist is a Muslim. Terrorism can actually be difficult to differentiate from the normal crimes or acts of the bandits.
Electronic stun devices and other ‘less-lethal’ weapons are marketed as offering unmitigated benefits to both police and public safety. The main benefit of electronic stun devices and less-lethal weapons in reducing injuries that may stem from using force. The use of such devices and less-lethal weapons may be fatal if used on the wrong people.
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The author of the paper states that global societies had a negative perception of criminals who were perceived as outcasts. Consequently, the application and the use of force and firearms were authorized in most nations, allowing the police force to gun down and kill the respectively identified criminals.
The intervention applies where the violations in question are a perpetuation of state or in cases where the state is failing in protecting civilians against the violation of their rights. Teson (2011) states that cases of humanitarian intervention are on the rise despite the presence of regional and international human rights bodies whose aim is to ensure that states observe the basic rights f their citizens.
Effective counterintelligence operations have the potential to create seamless and incessant feedback loops while failure may be catastrophic to both the counterintelligence agency and national security. The purpose of counterintelligence is to support intelligence functions and the formulation of sound security measures.
Obama’s step against ISIS has added to the issues contributing to KSA-Iran rivalries and insecurities. Iran regards ISIS as a threat, not only because it targets the Shi’a and uses excessive force, but also because the fall of ISIS would lead to a more empowered Sunni, which would threaten Tehran’s claim to dominance in the region.
The objective of conflict prevention and mitigation is to enable a country or region to attain sustainable peace. The impact and effectiveness of third-party interventions in conflict prevention and peace-building are well-documented, the challenge has been the development of capacity among local actors to embrace and effectively apply conflict management practices instituted by international partners.
The United Nations said that the nation has such high rates of crime owing to poor economic and political contexts. Murder rates in the nations are also among the highest in the world. Crime in the nation has become a profound part of people’s lives that it is one of the most important issues considered in voting and tourism.
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The research will analyze various academic and policy literature with a view of critiquing them and coming up with solid opinions on the current situation and feasible recommendations on actions that can be taken to improve the situation. The research will avoid the religious aspect of the rivalry between KSA and Iran, and capitalize on the political and diplomatic perspectives of the rivalry.
Counterintelligence consists of activities and information gathered to deter espionage activities by foreign powers (Hastedt, 2003). Leggit et al (2011) define counterintelligence as security measures and procedures designed to neutralize or liquidate attempts by foreign powers to acquire protected and secure information.
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From the examples provided and the opinions of different scholars on the matter, it can be seen that terrorism is based on achieving different socio-political objectives. Although it has undergone several changes over the course of time, terrorism, as practiced today, still retains the political objective that is based on religious fundamentalism.
Transnational crime continues to grow, and globalization has especially facilitated the expansion of crime across borders. There have been efforts at eliminating the various groups engaged in these activities. However, it is not easy to deal with them as they keep evolving, and in some cases are so deeply rooted in society that removing them is a challenge.
Religious extremism is perhaps the biggest challenge the Pakistani society is facing today. Since the emergence of religious military groups during the Afghanistan war involving the West and the Soviets, Jihadism has entrenched itself in the fabric of the Pakistani society to the point that it is considered to be state policy in Pakistan.
The military organization is a hierarchical structure of armed forces of a nation to provide military services required for state defense policing. Military in many countries has used formal ranks that are hierarchical in structure. This enables the government to execute control, administer and manage organizational duties within the structure of public administration via the ministry of defense.
The Israeli have insisted on land swops by making certain areas of the West Bank part of Israel. Recent peace talks held between negotiators of both groups ended up in a deadlock due to controversy over the region. The Palestinian faction through their leader Abbas maintained that if some sort of exchange in the Land is to take place, then the size of the land has to be equal.
Special Air Service Regiment soldiers from Australia were some of the first foreigners to get into Afghanistan, just after the USA and British Special Forces. 1000 Australian soldiers were deployed and they needed a budget of $1.1 billion from 2001-2002. Like the USA, the Australian government insisted that it did not want to be engaged in long-term fighting, nation-building, or reconstruction.
The flexibility of helicopters was utilized in the transport of casualties and Malayan people especially the aborigines who were given medical assistance to boost their trust in the government forces. Aerial photographs were used to gather intelligence, plan, and brief forces for ground and air operations.
The army, and in particular the Australian army, has not been left behind as it considers all available avenues and opportunities for the purpose of training and overall development of their soldiers (Plifka 2011, p. 5). This is in a bid to do away with the long-held beliefs about who can be awarded competence and by whom.
At the end of the Cold War, many had assumed the dangers associated with the acceleration of nuclear weapons would disappear. However, this particular notion proved short-lived. In fact, if anything, Allison & Myers (2004) highlights that the twenty-first century appears even more dangerous as well as less predictable as compared to the experiences of the previous century.
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Australian Defense Force has often been charged with the responsibility of operating in various theatres and filling numerous operational roles. However, since the year 1999 which saw the deployment of the Australian Defense Forces in East Timor, the Australian Defense Force has been expected to perform several operational roles than any given time since its inception in the year 1975.
Karl Von Clausewitz stated ‘war is the mere continuation of policy by other means’. Justin Kelly and Mike Brennan assert that ‘politicians must necessarily be concerned with the minute-to-minute conduct of war and today’s plethora of military actions’. These two statements underlie the essence of civil-military relations in the modern world.
Royal Australian Navy Sea King Helicopter crashed on the Island of Nias in Indonesia while providing humanitarian operation dubbed SUMATRA ASSIST II on 2nd April 2004 at 4 pm local time. 11 members were on board, however, 2 escaped the wrath of death but 9 other defense force members lost their lives.
Adaptability, the ability to change as circumstances change around you and learn from your previous experience, is a key character of a successful army culture that revolves around policies, practices, and beliefs. Failure to adapt, as evident by many wartime experiences, can be detrimental to an army spirit and could result is losing lives and capabilities.
Simpsons clearly uses the principle of polarity in relating Clausewitz's work with the current wars. This is different from Echavarria’s observation. According to Clausewitz, the most influential war is a result of opposing forces. The polarity that is between the enemies makes the war a contest that provides a resolution or a decision.
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Currently, the main sources of funds include the Sunni-friendly business tycoons and extortions of businesses and banks based in the region of its operation. The main objective of the group is to establish a Sunni state in Pakistan and to eliminate the Shia minority and other unorthodox religions existing in Pakistan.
Recent disputes about sovereignty claims in the South China Sea have not only caught attention of the world spotlight but have also presented opportunities for China to reconsider its perceived primacy in the Asia-Pacific region.
The victory experiences over the Liberation Tigers by Sri Lanka offer insights into counter-insurgency strategies that have a higher possibility of success. In order to achieve victory over the insurgents, Sri Lanka had to transform its practices including tactical and structural alterations and modifications.
The Black Hawk crash entails an accident that took place in June 1996 at the High Range Training site. It involved a collision and damage of two helicopters resulting in to a death toll of eighteen Australian Army members and several others injured. The incident was highly aligned to leadership issues in the military.
The Confederates in the American Civil War did. Unfortunately, things usually go wrong in the field that put the question to the initial hope for victory. At such times, not willing to forfeit that hope, warring parties adopt other strategies; wrong or right, moral or not. The circumstances are made even harder in Falk’s (2002) borderless map.
When it comes to ‘reasonable expectation’, one is faced with a tough case. Most argue that the ambitions in Afghanistan, the need to turn it into a stable and peaceful state are unattainable. The US faces an “unprecedented case, against a thoroughly armed opposition, in a largely unstable state and with little support from allies”.
Al Qaeda can be considered the epitome of global terrorism and international insecurity having orchestrated attacks on civilians and military bases around the globe by using suicide bombers and implementation of instantaneous terrorist attacks on varied targets to cause as much damage and fear against its real or perceived enemies.
The 21st century is significantly associated with globalization; the single most phenomena that are used in redefining economic, social, and political aspects the world over (Marigheli, 1995). International security environments are ultimately being restructured in relation to the globalized nature of the current world.
The war on terror, popularly known as the war on terrorism or the global war on terror, is an internationally recognized military campaign that is led by the United States of America and the United Kingdom. In this war, the US and UK are supported by other North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries as illustrated by Ahmed (2003).
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Kennington writes that "...Enlightenment rhetoric has a permanently divisive social function" that encourages modem man to engage in the mastery of nature to advance science and communication between scientists; to promote "open" societies versus those that "seek the autonomous cultivation and preservation of their own morality and way of life." (Mark, 2003)
The acts of terrorism are often perpetrated by a group of people who are out to accomplish a political, religious, or ideological goal. Most of the time, the civilians or iconic figures are the targets of terrorist activities but the act is meant to discredit a government or a body acting as the government. It has been practiced by religious and nationalistic groups, ruling governments.
Palestine and Israel have been in conflict since time immemorial. The conflict in Sudan-the Sudanese crisis has resulted in the loss of lives especially in the Darfur region where the most advanced humanitarian crisis in the history of humankind has come into play. The conflict between Israeli and the Palestinians has been an ongoing one and is wide-ranging.
Before the invasion, the concerned governments of the USA and the UK realized the possibility of Iraq using weapons of mass destruction. In the previous year, the security council of the United Nations had passed resolution 1441 which demanded cooperation with the weapon inspectors of the UN for verification that they were not in possession of the weapons for mass destruction.
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Although everyone acknowledges that it is preferable to have peace rather than warfare, it has not dissuaded countries all over the world to develop lethal weapons and advanced technologies over the years. Since 1915, the world has witnessed the development of various improved weaponry, starting from poison gas to upgraded airplanes and tanks, to gain supremacy over each other.
There are a number of reasons why Afghanistan might have become a crisis for the allies. And due to this, the allied operations face a lot of resistance the first, and most obvious is that Afghanistan is hard. That it is a notoriously difficult country to invade and control is wisdom known since Genghis Khan and Tamerlane, and proved again in recent memory with the Soviet invasion of 1979.
After the 2001 bombing, the Australian intelligence authority realized that the Jemaah Islamiyah posed a great risk to its citizen’s security and also the security of its political system. The bombing of the Australian embassy in Singapore affected the interests of the Australians in Singapore. It proved to the Australians that the Jemaah Islamiyah had interests in Australia.
In the past decade or so, Middle East has been facing quite a few issues where the different Middle East countries have been fighting against terror with the Western community and more importantly with the local terrorist organizations that have been working in different parts of the Middle East.
Saudi Aramco has made an exemplary record in the war on terrorism. Up to date, the ability of the state-owned Oil Company to maintain the outstanding record is still a secret. It faced challenges such as the recruitment of the organization's employees into Al Houthi and threats from the employees of Shia origin.
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Since the establishment of Israel as a state, the nation has faced a number of security challenges and difficulties, an aspect that has resulted in the eminence of security in civil society as well as politics. This can be understood through the fact that the nation’s leading politicians have in the past held high positions in the military
The paper “Ethical Issues Facing the US Army, Root Causes, Implications and Solutions of the Scandals with US Air Force and Navy Officers” is a persuading example of a case study on the military. Safety lapses and unethical behavior in the military have been raising the public’s worries that the nation’s arsenal is in bad hands.
The enlisted personnel possessed the top positions and exercised their knowledge and skill in the Marine Corps, these gained skills in marine matters were of much importance in expanding the history of NCO. The enlisted individuals had knowledge from the navy on various ways of studying the personnel issues in their diverse ranges those that were responsible for affecting the retention.
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It will also focus on Israel’s perception of Iran’s development of nuclear weapons. Chapter 3 will look at the correlation between the need for military power in the Middle East and the development of nuclear weapons. Chapter 4 will focus on the relationship between Iran and the global community. This will include how Iran relates with the United States.
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Propaganda is misleading and biased information spread with the aim of promoting a particular point of view or political course. It is the spread of a rumor, information, or idea with the goal of helping or injuring a person, cause, or institution. War in New Era is a modern challenge faced in society. An example of modern wars is terrorism.
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Paris attacks have had the most serious implications and repercussions. A series of terrorist attacks that have been claimed by the Islamic States have broadened the scope of implications and repercussions posed by terrorism not only in the countries that have been under attack but also in Europe as a whole (G4S 2015: 1).
Several questions have attracted heated debates in the security sector. Most of the questions have been left unanswered for various years due to the complexity revolving around the security issues whereas others have been discussed explored by various researchers and scholars across the globe. One of the issues is the question of whether security is enhanced through arms control measures.
The US comes second with about forty-five percent of the total global nuclear warheads. China and France both contribute about two percent (2%) each to the total global stockpiles, while the UK, India, Pakistan, and Israel contribute about one percent each to the total global nuclear arsenals. There are a couple of (less than 10) warheads in North Korea, which intends to increase its stockpiles.