Philosophy Essays

This paper aims to examine whether or not there is an existence of a just war. The Nature of War Regan (1996, p.3) stated that war was natural part of life during the Greek times, and that they intensify “self- interest.” “Right reason” was also said to be one of the “Moral Norm of War” (Regan, 1996, p.10).

Death is the ending of life. When one’s life ends or is over, then they are considered dead. According to Fred Fieldman, for one to be able to completely comprehend death, then one has to be able to fully understand life (1992). Death has been known for its iniquity and obscurity. This has always given each person his or her own unique and different views about death.

Ironically, he further argues that all these that can be seen and heard in his room can actually be questioned and reasonably doubted (Russell, 2010). Russell gives various examples to put his point across. He considers a table in which he outlines various properties that the same has.

It is essential to state that the main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate two arguments relating to the problem of evil. The paper will first discuss the arguments for the problem of evil. Then it will provide counterarguments. Another issue that the paper will address is my belief as regards this problem.

This essay deeply goes into the understanding of what euthanasia is to the patients and doctors. It is ethical for a doctor to withdraw the treatment of a patient in no hope condition because of the requests made by the patient and his relatives. However, the patient may intensify his pain and agony because of the withdrawal of treatment.

Miletus was said to be where Western philosophical thought could have originated because philosophical records show the existence of the Miletian philosophers that have sought answers to questions out of the mythological concept but on the rational.  This consideration can be attributed to Thales who was a native of Miletus and is said to be the father of philosophy. 

Write an essay showing how Freud and Levi-Strauss' explanations of the roles and positions of women in kinship structures can be used to examine how female characters (and their actions and relationships) are presented in texts we have studied this semester (Weeks 2-14).

Carr is right when he argues that the Internet and social networking sites have changed the way people think. This is because having access to information faster through the use of the Internet has contributed to significant changes. For instance, many students nowadays use Internet for carrying out research studies.

According to the viewpoint claimed by Plato with his dialogues in Protagoras, there exists an undeviating interrelation between moral truth and ordinary common sense. As can be observed from Protagoras’ acclamations, the personal values and beliefs of an individual regarding different aspect of virtue and morality are indistinctive.

  According to Rousseau, liberty is beneficial in the sense that it enhances equality and security. This is because, when a man has all the freedom that does not limit him in any way, he is able to utilize whatever is useful to him and leave the rest for the better use of the rest. This way, there is no accumulation of private property, which ends up creating insecurity.

Gartner an analyst provided smartphone definition as “A large-screen, data-centric, handheld device designed to offer complete phone functions whilst simultaneously functioning as a personal digital assistant. The advancement in technology has seen large companies of smartphones with a host of different features and capabilities.

There are a number of arguments that have been put forward in support of the decriminalization of prostitution. One of such arguments has been that decriminalization will help the country collect tax revenue from the industry. It has been stated that those who engage in these activities will have to remit taxes to the authorities, and this will be beneficial to the country.

The case study will be evaluated with respect to the utilitarian theory of ethics and the theory of ethical hierarchicalism. Utilitarian ethics provides a fairly straightforward means of deciding a course of action for a particular matter. Possible alternative courses of actions have to be identified which are evaluated for their potential merits.

Misleading advertisements are growing day by day on different types of media and many people get cheated because of that. Fabricated or exaggerated claims are the themes of many of the advertisements. Product manufacturers and service providers are looking for any opportunity to cheat or mislead the public to make money. So government should definitely put some restrictions upon advertisements.

Any modern organization worth its name cannot afford to neglect one of its most important assets, namely the employees that form part of its workforce, carry out the day-to-day activities and work to achieve the enterprise goals. Modern enterprises having a global outlook with the adoption of best practices are always concerned with improving the work-life balance and overall health and well-being of all their employees.

Athens was seeking to restore stability in attempts of recovering from the crushing defeat. The public in Athens was doubtful about democracy being an effective form of governance and in this perspective, Socrates, who appeared to be a strong critic of democracy, was defended by many who interpreted his trial as being an outcome of internal political strife.

The preceding argument is not entirely true as it is based on existing misconceptions about teenage outcasts. This is because not all teenage students who tend to exhibit behavioral isolation come from problematic families. In fact, in some instances, such students came from good and well of families, and the isolation may have been caused by psychological factors such as shyness.

According to Gettier, if someone is justified in believing something then that thing must be true. Or in other words, to able to believe in something one must have enough ‘reason’ or the evidence must be true.

I have studied Philosophy and Religion formally over the past thirty-five years, becoming intimately familiar not only with how these subjects relate to my life and my career, but with the academic subjects themselves. This narrative will demonstrate the learning I have acquired over years of study, which I believe has enough breadth to be considered in substitution for a college course.

The implications with ethics often lead to difficulties and problems with corporations. There are a variety of companies that have established corrupt systems or which move beyond ethical boundaries because of the main structure of the organization. Identifying what the main problems are and analyzing these theoretically is one which then creates a different understanding of the corporations and the main associations which they have in terms of ethics.

Through the ‘allegory of the cave’, Plato used the prisoner enslaved in the cave since childhood and the shadow cast on the wall by fire as the caveman’s idea of ‘real’ yet representing illusion.

Religion and women are two of the integral ‘components’ of the society, and interaction between the two gives rise to various perspectives as well as debates. Martha Nussbaum, an American female philosopher with interests in politics and ethics, has addressed this complex issue of relationship between religion and women’s rights, in a number of works.

In the past few decades, there has been a lot of debate regarding the practice of homosexuality and gay marriage. Governments around the world have faced the challenge of allowing or banning gay marriage. A vast majority of the countries around the world have banned gay marriage, considering the negative implications it has on society.

Ovid pays slight consideration to a firm historical series. Though there is some general organization to the sequence, the poem is not seized together by any strict chronological account. It begins with the creation of new legend and gods, and then shifts to the tremendous godly or semi-divine valiant characters.

I will also shed light on Marx's notion of affluence, what Marx says about wealth and charity, Marx’s solution to this problem and how he justifies it. I shall also attempt to explain what Marx meant when he wrote ‘worker of the world unite’ and ‘religion is the opium of the masses’.

Is this morally right? Although some say that it is unavoidable and that Facebook is managing this sharing of data, both deontological and utilitarian ethics agree that it is morally wrong. There have been several issues concerning privacy in social networking sites like Facebook since these sites publish client information to advertisers without the knowledge of the user as these advertising sites “desperately want to make money off the data they collect from [the consumers]” (Rosenblatt 2012).

According to utilitarianism, the morally right action may sometimes be a terrible action that results in negative consequences. The situation above is the case since utilitarianism holds it that an action can be morally right if the action grants the greatest amount of pleasure or the greatest good to the greatest number of people.

Ethics is one of the most debatable topics in almost every aspect of our life (Stahl, 2008, p. 27). There is a lot of subjectivity and conflicts of opinion in the field of ethics. This conflict of ethical perspectives originates in the conflict of cultures, norms, beliefs, values, trends, and traditions.

The dissolution of people’s identities both spiritually and historically was realized through the tragedies of World War I and World War II. Combining these significant destructions with new perspectives concerning Psychology, Philosophy found a seemingly different path explaining “who we are” and “what is our purpose” as humans. 

The explanatory gap Introduction The explanatory gap is a term used in the modern philosophy by Joseph Levine in his "Materialism and Qualia: The Explanatory Gap" published in Pacific Philosophical Quarterly in 1983.  The main focus of Joseph Levine was “qualia” or consciousness, our subjective sensations of the world.  The explanatory gap in this aspect refers to mental functions such as memory, perception, emotion, and reasoning, as well as to human behavior.

Sex is a physical capacity and its exercise is determined by a man’s mind by his choice of values held consciously and unconsciously over time whenever he is in love. Sex is an appearance of self-confidence to a rational man hence his choice of the woman is very vital for his status in the society.

It means that, not only the being of building but also its distance from the viewer has something to do with the perception of the viewer. It also means that both; stance of the ‘viewer’ and the nature of the ‘view’ correlate and coexist throughout the phenomenon of seeing

Those people who do not abide by the ethical standards of a community are shunned away, and people do not associate with them since they are connected to sinful deeds, which no community approve. Ethics covers how to live a virtuous life, people’s rights and responsibilities, separates right from wrong and finally describes how people should make decisions.

He was also convicted for not believing in the gods of the state and for speaking with contempt to the high ranking officials of his time (Ober “Gadfly on Trial” 2). The accounts of his trials were written by his avid and equally popular student Plato in Apology (Colaiaco 17).

Since an a priori knowledge is essential to rationalists, conceptions of philosophy ought to be formulated in the context of logical rationalization or one that is carried out via deductive cognition. Descartes, hence, substantiates his perspective of rationalism with a series of cognitive exercises as indicated by his program on ‘Meditations’ whereby a rational meditator is claimed to seek truths by intellect in full measure beyond any regard to senses [1].

 Although from an old era, Sophocles wrote tales full of humor, and succinct observations of life, and made his characters look so real. “Oedipus the King” tale features a couple Laius and Jocasta who were king and queen of Thebes in Greece. In those days, people depended on supernatural beings who would give decrees of what was to happen in the future.

Active euthanasia is undertaken on an individual when his or her doctors and family members make the decision to actively kill to end the agony suffered by this loved one. Passive euthanasia, on the other hand, lets the suffering person die by withholding the necessary medical care and allowing the disease to kill the person instead of a fellow human being.

There are also aspects of faith that play a fundamental role in the questioning of beliefs and responsibility of humanity (Earnshaw 170). Additionally, death and its accompanying effects on the living are paramount in shaping the opinions of individuals on the meaning of life. Furthermore, the essence of incorporating the concepts of existentialism has adverse effects in life especially.

The theory of divine command theory of morality loses its sense in that in the first place it sees the gods as arbitrary beings who only seek to justify the behavior, conduct, ethics and morality of humankind. The second failure focuses on the lack of divinity for the gods by losing their sovereignty and falling under the moral laws of man.

Du Bois lived over a hundred years later a fact, which implies that by then, science had advanced and the few that Comte had based most of his work on had further split to produce other branches of science. In such a situation, some of Comte’s ideas become irrelevant.

Political science is the study of politics and power from domestic, international, and comparative perspectives. It entails understanding political ideas, ideologies, institutions, policies, processes, and behavior, as well as groups, classes, government, diplomacy, law, strategy, and war.

The responsibility of employing a pious or religiously legal deed fell on him after the Athenian spiritual interpreters failed to confer with his father in time to settle legal matters concerning the person at fault. Socrates, on the other hand, acknowledges in truth that a man who is capable of prosecution ought to specialize in affirming what “piety” is.

Furthermore, it tells us that knowledge is acquired through the exercise of reason, understood as a faculty that can operate independently, in whole or in part, of a posteriori evidence. One of the elements which are most central to Nietzsche’s philosophy is illustrated in his famous declaration that, “God is Dead!” (Cahn 1227) This affirms a complete rejection of metaphysical, moral, and religious truths as grounds for reality. 

This chapter can be deservingly called “a heart” of the novel. Everybody would agree that the book by Rand possesses many unique characteristics, but it is essential to consider “Atlas Shrugged” to be not only a fiction, but philosophic message that may seem not very understandable at first.

Mackie is one such philosopher and his work "The Logical Problem of Evil" speaks clearly to his supposition of the nonexistence of God, primarily due to the presence of evil in the world (Aquinas 625). On the other hand, theists continue to defend the stance that God exists and can coexist with evil. Mackie challenged theist notions by seeking to demonstrate the invalidity and lack of persuasiveness inherent regarding the presence of God.

During the marriage, partners are often not honest with each other, half-truths, hiding information, lies and broken promises are some form of betrayals that are a part of married life, but infidelity is considered the ultimate betrayal because it shakes the very foundation on which marriage stands; trust and commitment (Fitness, 2001).

Freedom of will is, beyond doubt, a desirable trait. Enjoyment of freedom of will ensures satisfaction of second and higher order desires, whereas its absence means their frustration.

Searle’s (1980) Reply to the query “Could a machine think?” by saying, “… only a machine could think” (p. 417, 431) could be easily misconstrued to mean that Searle’s reply is affirmative. Yet, further examination of his reply would show that he is strongly saying otherwise – a stance that has triggered varied counter-reactions until now.

A major milestone occurred in 2003, a government-run initiative was introduced to stem the flow of conflict diamonds known as the Kimberley Process. The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) imposes requirements on participants to certify and ensure that shipments and selling of rough diamonds are conflict-free.

This theory asserts that any given set of personal demands will impose demands in certain conditions that are relevant to the questions. The rival theories between miller and his friend, Weirob is that Miller claims that there is life after death while his friend refuses this line of thinking.