Free Philosophy Essay Examples and Topics | Page 109

Precedent vs. Contemporaneous Autonomy in Regard to Advance Directives Philosophy Essay

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An ethical argument exists around advanced directives in cases where a patient’s current desires conflict with the desires he or she had expressed in his or her advance directive. Suppose a patient is incompetent in the general, overall sense, but years ago, when competent, he executed a living will contradicting what he expresses now.

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Epistemology: How do we know that we know something Philosophy Essay

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The author states that philosophers have a hesitation about intuition as a justification for knowledge. Although in reality intuition is very common to all humans, it is undeniable to think that knowledge to be justified by mere immediate and personal certainty of a person could be based only to wild guesses and do not contain justifiable truth.

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Pick a stance on the rights of animals based on Peter Singer's article Famine Philosophy Essay

4 pages (1000 words) , Download 2 , Essay

The core thesis of Singer’s work is hinged on four suppositions: (1) "Suffering and death from lack of food, shelter and medical care are bad" (2) "If it is in our power to prevent something bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, then we ought, morally, to do it", (3) "It makes no moral difference whether the person I can help is a neighbor's child ten yards from me or a Bengali whose name I shall never know, ten thousand miles away", and (4) "The principle makes no distinction between cases in which I am the only person who could possibly do anything and cases in which I am just one among millions in the same position".

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Philosophical Conceptions of Justice Philosophy Essay

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Philosophical Conceptions of Justice. Philosophical Conceptions of Justice People of diverse cultures and ethnicities make up the world. This means that different people perceive justice in different ways depending on the people around them and their ways of life and intellectual capabilities.

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Social Responsibilities of Multinational Corporations Philosophy Essay

7 pages (1969 words) , Download 2 , Essay

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MNCs play a major role in the rapid globalization of the world today. The first of their kind was the British East India Company, which came about in 1600. The second one followed two years later called the Dutch East India Company. Over the years, MNCs have been criticized for various reasons despite their many advantages. It is believed that they pay less regard to human rights and the environment.

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The Idea That Lesbians Are Not Considered Women As Presented By Hale Philosophy Essay

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Various claims as highlighted in the essay try to prove that lesbians in reality are not women. One of these reasons is that lesbians are not real women, as to be real, argues hale, one has to have the characteristics of a woman (Hale 47). He argues that many people agree that heterosexuals are in fact not real women.

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Philosophy in Coaching Philosophy Essay

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In this regard, the approaches and principles of two basketball coaches that include Coach Wooden and Phil Jackson have been studied to determine the techniques that are used to improve and motivate players. In this regard, it has been viewed that the coaches adopt and implement certain similar and dissimilar techniques along with approaches to train employees and also to improve their skills.

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Some Mental States Are Not Identical to Any Brain State Philosophy Essay

3 pages (902 words) , Download 2 , Essay

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Generally speaking, in law and criminology, Leibniz’s Law may state that if Murderer A is identical to Suspect B, then every attribute of A is also an attribute of B, and vice versa (Ruble 24). This paper provides an argument for the claim that some mental states are not identical to any brain state.

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Naturalized Epistemology Philosophy Term Paper

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The question for certainty and truth has long been part of humanity’s quest for answers to some basic questions that people normally possess. Perhaps, some of these questions may include how do I know that I know x? At first glance, the questions appear to be rhetorical. However, upon closer look and reflection.

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Utilitarianism. Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) Philosophy Essay

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Mill and Bentham Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) are the two historical figures most closely associated with the philosophy of Utilitarianism, which seeks to ground moral reasoning in a calculation of utility by judging actions on the basis of the degree of goodness, happiness, and pleasure that they produce socially or personally through situational results.

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Science Is Value Neutral Philosophy Essay

3 pages (750 words) , Download 2 , Essay

The last group would say that science is “value neutral” that it is neither good nor bad, but neutral in its inherent ethics. The last group is correct for several reasons, but a discussion of one particular aspect of science, its ability to enhance human abilities, can demonstrate very clearly that science is certainly value neutral Science, at its most elemental and basic form, is simply a way of understanding the universe.

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Alternative Media Analysis Philosophy Essay

4 pages (1000 words) , Download 3 , Essay

Using the lessons learned on ethos, as arguments and adherence to ethical and moral standards that should supposedly make this visual communication manifest integrity, transparency and conformity to social and environmental responsibility, the video clips would prove what journalisms’ conformity to standards failed through Fox News’ public exhibit of shameful reporting.

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Kant's Groundwork: Formulations of the Categorical Imperative Philosophy Essay

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Immanuel Kant formulated his principles regarding what is right and wrong. He developed a system of three questions he referred to as formulations which an individual need to ask before undertaking any action in order to decide upon ethicality of the action.

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Gays should have the same rights as married couples Philosophy Assignment

5 pages (1250 words) , Download 2 , Assignment

The debate on whether to legalize same sex marriage has been the forefront of many political and social debates in various countries. Marriage of people with different sex has been sentimentalized into a cultural icon that triumphs gay marriage as a civil right (Morris, 2007).

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Stjepan G. Mestrovics Anthony Giddens - The Last Modernist Philosophy Book Report/Review

3 pages (750 words) , Download 2 , Book Report/Review

As with so many different movements within philosophy, Modernism was tied closely to a revolution and reformation movement that existed tangentially with regards to music, architecture, art, and literature. Modernism sought to break free from the bounds of 19th-century Victorian schools of thought, cultural absolutism, and tradition.

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Critique on the Different Forms of Feminism Philosophy Essay

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Zohrab (6) provides a definition of feminism that is seen to be widely acceptable as it essentially encompasses all the different definitions of the term. According to Zohrab, feminism can be defined as being the application of the victims of oppression model to different situations that are faced by women in modern society today.

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Contemporary Ethical Challenges and Leadership Philosophy Essay

7 pages (2089 words) , Download 4 , Essay

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Global dynamics have changed over the years. The way people think and behave, their sense of right and wrong, their views on the good and the bad, all of this has changed over time. Things that people perceived as wrong in the past are now viewed as tolerable and acceptable. This change in the way people think has brought about numerous challenges which leaders have to face.

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Modern Political Thought: What Is Self-Consciousness in Hegel's Usage Philosophy Term Paper

15 pages (3750 words) , Download 2 , Term Paper

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The central thesis is that each step along the path of self-consciousness' attempt at making the truth of its unity with itself explicit, is simultaneously a step in the realization of the aim of Life: to become 'for-itself.' Moreover, this represents the difference or transformation of consciousness to self-consciousness.

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Defining Pholosophy Philosophy Essay

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Defining Philosophy Name Course Instructor’s Name Date Defining Philosophy Philosophy is the systematic inquiry into the principles and presuppositions of any endeavor. It comes from the Greek word “philo” which means fond of or affinity for, and “sophia” which means wisdom.

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The Greeks and Philosophy Philosophy Research Paper

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Philosophy, to Plato, was about having an attitude. “For at this moment I am sensible that I have not the temper of a philosopher; like the vulgar, I am only a partisan.” Perception of the good is key. For, “…without any assistance of sense, and perseveres until by pure intelligence he arrives at the perception of the absolute good, he, at last, finds himself at the end of the intellectual world.''

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Deal Directly With The Issue Of Death Philosophy Essay

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The ‘Apology of Socrates by’ Plato is all about the scenario of a death sentence being implied to Socrates and the way in which he confronts it. Socrates like others is not afraid of death rather he believes that fear of death is the nature of an ignorant man. He is of the opinion that neither he is feared of death nor he wants to avoid it.

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The Importance Of Free Will In Regards To Morality Philosophy Research Paper

4 pages (1000 words) , Download 2 , Research Paper

The main character introduces his associates in crime as Peter, Dim and George. Alex then continues with introducing the readers to the array of crimes that he and other gang members inflicted on naive citizens. The author provides a clear depiction of the situation at hand describing the details of the group activities.

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Check the file i sent Philosophy Assignment

4 pages (1000 words) , Download 3 , Assignment

It indicates the existence of God itself. Descartes premise that God exists because he is able to conceive the concept of God, a superpower, a ruler of the universe and its fate including the fate of mankind, is reason strong enough to believe that God is real.

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Not Just Dependent Beings: A key premise in The Cosmological Argument Philosophy Essay

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The other arguments for the existence of God are the Teleogical and the Ontological arguments, which are posteriori and priori respectively (Rowe 21). The Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle were the pioneer writers of The Cosmological Argument. Aquinas in the 13th century gave five arguments distinctly for the existence of God.

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Case study 2 Philosophy Assignment

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In dream interpretation, Freud uses the technique of free association together with hypnosis. This technique begins by psychoanalyst’s analysis of a particular dream symbol and immediately follows it by a thought that comes to the dreamers mind. This makes the subject of dream interpretation to become a subject of scientific research according to Sigmund (Freud, 1953 p.145).

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Civil Society Philosophy Essay

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Locke however, believes that rights and obligations are the main propellants of problems that civil society faces while working under a given government. Moreover, Locke provided a wide analysis of the state of nature in his second treatise which had an impact on the civil government. His work was written in the year 1680, the time of the exclusion crisis in England.

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Nagarjuna's Concept of Emptiness versus Buddhist Philosophical Teaching Philosophy Essay

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Nagarjuna theory of emptiness has fundamental disparity between the way the world is perceived which includes the existence of humans and the way things are; there are entities that are self-enclosed, discrete, enduring or definable. Looking at our selfhood conception, people have a tendency of believing the presence of our human being and this characterizes our individuality and identity as being an ego that is discrete and independent from mental and physical elements necessary for our existence.

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The notion of Peace Philosophy Essay

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It portrays achievement in matters of social or economic well being, the establishment of fairness, and a working political order that caters for the true interests of everybody. International relations teach that peace means the absence of war or conflict, together with the existence of cultural and economic understanding.

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Epicurus and Hobbes Philosophies: Advocating Moral Egoism Philosophy Assignment

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The state of nature is a condition characterized by equality of ability where two men desire the same thing and so they become enemies, thus it is a state of war (64). Hobbes proposed an absolute sovereign that would rule over people so that they will not be in the state of nature and therefore not in the state of war (“Thomas Hobbes”).

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Alvin Plantinga's Free Will Defense Philosophy Essay

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Alvin Plantinga's Free Will Defense The free will defense is like an effort to show that “there may be a different kind of good that God cannot bring without permitting evil” (Plantinga, p, 29). There are good states of affairs without evil, they do not entail the existence of any evil, but God cannot bring them without permitting evil.

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Philosophy - Peter van Inwagen Philosophy Essay

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It is seemingly agreeable by most people who are straight that being straight is the natural discourse of the world. Without this attraction, the world would spiral to a halt, and the seemingly expansive choice in orientation would ridicule not just the concept of marriage but the process of evolution as well.

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The BP Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico Philosophy Research Paper

7 pages (2019 words) , Download 3 , Research Paper

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However, this speeding up of the commerce world has led to a disastrous outcome, which is that more importance is now attached to factors like investment and return, and businesspeople now shun the importance of ethics in business; a change which is visible on a global scale. In particular, this paper includes discussion and evaluation of different aspects of BP Oil Spill to identify ethical issues related to it and lessons that can come from it.

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Analysis of Claude Levi Strauss's Books Philosophy Essay

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Totemism is a belief that humans have mystical relationship or kinship with a spirit-being such as animals or plants. The term is used to “characterize a cluster of traits in the religion and in the social organization of many people (“totenism 2012).

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Ethics of Care and Justice Philosophy Essay

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Virginia held comprehends that the principles of care as comprising of “caring relations” and not just emotions. She additionally states that the ethics of caring do not just basically rely on emotions but involves the practices of caring for the needy by the caregivers and the rights of humans, that begin with ethical responses to oppressions.

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The Conception of International Justice Philosophy Essay

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His work, A Theory of Justice, was considered as one of the main manuscripts in political philosophy and regarded as the most significant work in moral philosophy in the 20th century since the last part of World War II. A Theory of Justice is a superb work which dealt with ethics and political philosophy.

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Civil Rights Era Struggle Philosophy Essay

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This practice took place in Africa during the early times even before the landing of the Europeans or any other groups. This is because slavery occurred between different ethnic tribes that were in Africa and was perpetrated by kidnapping, capturing prisoners during war, selling debtors and convicting people of various crimes.

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The Phenomenon of Happiness Philosophy Essay

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Bentham believes that happiness is a substantially subjective incident (Pojman, 120). Bentham believes that it is a warm feeling that individuals realize as they feel it. Aristotle states that people have no idea about what happiness is and can not tell whether they are experiencing happiness at a particular time, or not and are completely unaware.

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Human Freedom, the Focus of Existentialism Philosophy Essay

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It is taught in schools as one of the essential tenets of human life, and the lack of it is used as a reason for meddling in the affairs of others (Leo Franchi, n.d.). Many philosophers have discussed the concept of freedom for many years, centuries even. It is so fundamental that freedom was defined by different people with different views.

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Nigger of the Narcissus Philosophy Assignment

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The author states that most modern literature encompasses adventure tales as compared to romance as was noted in previous works before his time. Joseph Conrad inspired consequent writers such as; Scott Fitzgerald, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, D.H. Lawrence, Joseph Heller, Virginia Woolf and Albert Camus who were inspired by the artistic works.

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Kants morally impermissible actions Philosophy Essay

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Rationality is supreme in all human beings and that it does not exists in other lesser creatures that are endowed with happiness. Human beings are rational and they can do actions that are beyond the boundaries of love and mere happiness. If human beings are rational, this enables them to differentiate the good action and the evil action not just what makes them happy.

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Women and Leadership Philosophy Essay

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Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Women and Leadership For the last few decades, women across the globe have been battling for equality with their male counterparts, who often assume that it is their right to be at the top. However, despite the time being taken to fight this battle, it is far from over as key leadership positions are still being filled by men.

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The Changing Knowledge about Matter and Life Philosophy Essay

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According to renowned scientist Albert Einstein, ‘nothing is absolute, everything is relative. Science never believes in making absolute conclusions because of its awareness of the limitations of human intelligence in explaining everything in this world. Earlier, science argued that the sun moves and the earth remains stationary.

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Inverted perspective and the axiom of realism Philosophy Essay

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The axiom of realism is a principle that aims at representing things as realistic as possible. Despite this Arnheim acknowledges that a number of artist have negated the customs of axiom of realism. The perspective of axiom of realism employs the traditional belief and claims that since the figurative arts cannot be obtained from anywhere else apart from nature, then they should be created in competition with nature and therefore they should be as realistic as possible.

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Effectiveness of Websites and PR - Draco Corp Philosophy Essay

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The capability of meeting needs with consumers is one of the growing ideologies that are occurring. The market of online technologies is continuing to emerge as the main way of working toward larger scales and a global presence. When looking at Draco Corp, an electronic store, it can be seen that specific changes need to be made with the website to begin altering the ways in which it is able to grow.

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Discuss the role of wisdom in true virtue according to Meno and the Phaedo Philosophy Essay

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It is well known that Greek philosopher Socrates was given a death sentence on the charge of corrupting youth with his teachings. He was given a dose of hemlock, a toxic substance that causes suffocation leading to death.

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The Apology of Socrates Philosophy Essay

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It is possible here to find that in normal sense, the word ‘examine’ stands for ‘to search’, or to ‘scrutinize’. In both the cases, it becomes easy to understand what Socrates meant by ‘an examined life’. If taken in a judicial context, the term ‘examination’ means getting judged by a fair judge who will weigh the arguments of one to reach truth or justice.

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Fear and trembling by Soren Kierkegaard Philosophy Essay

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Faith according to Kierkegaard, is subjective, fervent, and a personal desire to attain everlasting happiness through appropriation. Faith deals with the decision-making aspects that an individual is confronted with an either-or situation. In this confrontation, he can either reject or accept subjectivity.

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Bad Faith Definition and Meaning Philosophy Admission/Application Essay

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Heidegger believed that people tend to permit themselves to lose direction in current concerns, and the impact of which is that they become estranged from themselves and their actions. They view themselves externally and as it is like they do not really decide in their lives but merely swept along by the conditions at hand. Heidegger refers to this state as “fallenness.”

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Philosophy of Religion Philosophy Essay

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The central focus of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason is the determination of the dimensions and limits of pure reason. His interest was on the capacity of human reason to generate knowledge independent of sense experience or other alternative forms of knowing.

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The United States versus Morris Philosophy Essay

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The United States vs. Morris is one of the famous cases that led to the nullification of the Fugitive Slave Law in 1864. Shadrach escaped from slavery in 1850 in Norfolk, Virginia, and made his way to Boston. He worked as a waiter in a restaurant until an agent of his former master discovered where he was in 1851 (Abramson 81).

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