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Article 2 of the UN Convention against Organized Crime defines an organized criminal group as a structured group of 3 or more people who have come together with the objective of deriving material or financial benefits through conducting serious unlawful offenses. The phenomenon of organized crime has emerged at a global scale and is not essentially exclusive to a particular geographical region.
The ICRC professes not to take any sides among the participants engaged in any conflict. This claim of neutrality has been recognized and sometimes disputed. Armed conflicts that have occurred in different parts of the world have led to some people criticizing the idea of neutral humanitarianism while others have challenged the possibility of developing a platform for neutral humanitarianism.
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In recent years, organized crime in Australia can be described as more complex and sophisticated. This is due to the manner in which organized criminal groups have transformed their operations in ways that expand their reach and further make it difficult for law enforcement agencies to combat their activities.
Research indicates that variations to the scope of a building and construction project are common since no project is considered to be impeccable, and thus changes are expected to face unforeseen situations or changed requirements. This implies that variations in building and construction projects can occur in different forms such as additions, substitutions, or omissions.
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As earlier indicated there is not much literature on the subject and, therefore, this research proposal will rely heavily on secondary materials, such as newspaper articles, journal articles, books, and press releases of both the UAE government and the bidoon and the agencies supporting them as well anecdotal narratives of the bidoon people cited.
The specific narratives of many Bidoon bore these reasons as the underlying causes of their statelessness. In the case of Abdullah’s family, for example, the grandfather’s failure to renew his Ras al Khaimah passport, which was issued to him before the declaration of UAE independence in 1971, led to the family’s present status of being stateless.
The geographic location of Australia serves as a good advantage to airline and airport operators since most arrivals into the country are by air. Airlines in Australia are classified as defunct and planned airlines. Civil aviation in Australia is comprised of International airlines, general aviation, and safety, and domestic airlines sectors.
Legal reasoning is different from the reasoning of politicians as judges are constrained by the law. Precedents bind judges while politicians are not. It relies on the comparison and contrast of a complex set of facts that are understood and organized by means of concepts. Judges can and do covertly depend on political considerations in their legal norms of making decisions.
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The eighth section contains the discussion. It involves the combination of the results of the research questions and the hypothesis of the project. In this section, the research question is answered, and the hypotheses are approved or disapproved. The study from that point forward makes a reflection on the research project.
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Police corruption has become an endemic in the law enforcement sector in Western Australia as well as police agencies worldwide. For instance, it has been reported by Transparency International that eighty-six countries have charged their police officers with corruption and also the police force in those countries is regarded to be the fourth most corrupt institution in the public sector.
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Domestic violence is a global epidemic that transcends national borders as well as class, racial, cultural and social-economic boundaries. Generally, the issue of domestic violence is viewed from the women-as-victims perspective. Globally, a lot of attention and lobbying has concentrated on protecting women from violence, which in most cases is orchestrated by men.
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Domestic terrorism is a significant challenge encountered by many global nations. The USA, Germany, and Australia are among the nations that are battling with the challenge. The shootings in Orlando and the killings in Germany and France are some of the recent incidences of domestic terrorism. Different governments have devoted numerous resources toward wiping out domestic terrorism.
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The stress service programs have actually been in effect for sometime, however, law officers at present consider that they are more under stress now than law enforcement personnel of ten or twenty years in the past.
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This analysis will consider whether or not that is true, through the collection of data and research. To determine this, a quantitative study will need to be set up in such a way as to study the scientific connection between the types of crimes that are committed, the issues that receive capital punishment, and whether race played a role in those.
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The author states that the Appellate courts review the judgments of trial courts so as to ensure that they are in accordance with the statute and constitutions. In the constitution of Georgia, certain rules are laid down on the operations of the courts, the selection of judges and the procedures that must be carried out.
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The law is preordained to backing customary based education transformation based because setting high standards and forming measurable goals can improve separable outcomes in education. This law requires all the states to give these assessments to all the students at the various grades so that they can receive federal states funding.
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Psychological treatment of sex offenders can be used to help the offender gain insight into his or her personality, help control influences that trigger offending behavior, and help to prevent relapse into repeating the offense when under stress (Coleman et al., 1992). In fact, this method of treatment is said to reduce factors that are like to accelerate the offender from reoffending.
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The institution was unable to prove its assertions that admitting women in the facility will lead to the erosion of its stature and destroy its adversity training program. She was of the opinion that this is a generalization of the women’s incapability, and was not a reason enough to deny them entry at the prestigious facility.
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There is also an assessment of the crime scene which is usually done by forensic pathologists and psychiatrists who act as medical examiners of the scene. There are various types of forensic investigation which includes the DNA tests, computer forensics search, pathologists and psychiatrists test using the psychological knowledge.
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The respondent, in this case, Mr. Knights had been sentenced by a court in California to serve a term in probation for the offense of being in possession and use of drugs, and part of the terms of probation was that he would submit to a search and or arrest at any given time. This would be carried out notwithstanding the absence of a warrant.
Drugs are not addictive but also affect bodily and mental health due to which, students’ efficiency suffers. The accessibility of illegal drugs is no issue and anyone can get the drugs of his choice. Students use drugs for many purposes such as for happiness, curiosity, ecstasy, for considering themselves as adults and for getting self-relieved.
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The increasing public acceptance of homosexuality as revealed through public opinion polls, positive media representations of homosexual relations, legalization of homosexuality in other nations, recognition of homosexual unions as constitutional, and changed public attitudes on gay and lesbian parenting support arguments favoring same legal recognition for gay marriages.
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One reason why I am against this barbaric act is that no one has the right to murder a fellow human being, thus capital punishment is an infringement of the most vital human right we have, that is, the right to life. An individual who has been a lawbreaker and has killed people has to be punished with life detention, not with capital punishment
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This section contains a detailed description of the research methodology. It encompasses the sampling method(s)/instruments and justification for their use, research design, recruitment of research subjects, data collection procedures, interviews, data analyses, limitations, ethical issues, reliability and validity.
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Criticisms against same-sex marriage are mostly based on the opposition of the dominant religions. Christianity, Islam, and Judaism are against this union. The religion forms a critical part of many social norms and traditions. Regardless of the degree of religiosity in individuals, there are ingrained social values that are based on it.
Two methods are used for the research process, surveys and interviews with the relevant people are conducted who have much knowledge of the field. Classification of workers is a common issue now a day, and a lot of work has been done in this area. Classification is done on the nature of the job, labor, education, and type of tasks being performed.
Studies on the health effects of many plastics are still in their early stages, but it is known that some the children’s plastic toys contain toxic chemicals, including lead, cadmium, and toxic softeners, that may cause permanent damage to the brain, liver, and reproductive system. Soft plastic toys are particularly troublesome.
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The court-annexed mediation is generally viewed as an act of denying freedom to the parties in choosing their forum for getting their disputes decided. Though there are ideological disadvantages, they are far outweighed by the practical benefits that can be achieved by mandatory mediation i.e. court-annexed mediation.
The paper will be divided into two parts. The first part is based on a detailed study of the regulations of the electronic banking system of Australia. In this part, we first discuss the Australian e-Banking system, the characteristics of and how the Banking Regulatory agencies and the Banking & Financial Services Ombudsman in Australia function.
GATT/ WTO and NAFTA are international trade agreements that were established to govern international trade and commerce. The trend towards deregulation, market economies, protection of human rights, and democracies reflects a recognition that individual freedom, non-discrimination and the rule of law are the best conditions for promoting social welfare.
International education contributed 11.7 billion dollars to the Australian economy during the period 2006-2007. It is the country’s largest services export sector. International students from many countries prefer to go to Australia to pursue higher studies. Australia comes in third when it comes to destinations that are popular for these students after the US and UK.
The effectiveness of the Act lies in the fact that it does not have adverse corollaries on any given company’s succession plans. The SOX Act has prohibited practices that were previously considered to be retention strategies for principal executives, such as allowing personal loans to the company executives or enabling Chief Executive Officers to be members of corporate boards as they deliberate on financial packages.
The aim of this study is to generate an extensive database of information and instill conceptual knowledge and enlighten interested parties on the impacts resulting from the implementation of IPR in agricultural research institutions with a closer view and specialization on developing countries.
I want to say thank my family for the moral and spiritual support and encouragement throughout this course. I would also grace paramount gratitude to my lecturer Nan Seuffert for the edification contribution and also for being my sounding board on various issues concerning this project, giving me the support that I needed to complete this module.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (which is commonly known as the SOX Act) was enacted in the United States with a view to controlling the behaviour of corporations. With it came significant changes to business operations. According to Rothwell, the law was introduced in the wake of a series of scandals that started with Enron and WorldCom.
The Australian Security Exchange (ASX) corporate governance principles and recommendations (hereunder referred to as “ASX corporate governance principles”) were introduced in Australia in 2003 following a series of deliberations in the business circles regarding how best to govern the corporate sector.
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The concept of the rule of law has a long history and it contains some element of change in the understanding and interpretation of the concept. Basically, rule of law refers to a doctrine or ideology on government conduct. Therefore, the relationship between legal institutions and the doctrine of the rule of law becomes paramount.
All over the world, more people are acknowledging that development is defined by governance. Rules, political processes, and institutions play a pivotal role in determining the growth of economies, children getting an education, and whether the development of humans advances forward or moves backward.
Some of these rights are the right to life, the right to freedom from slavery, the right to be free from torture, and freedom from the application of retroactive penal laws. In addition, such asylum seekers have the right to be free from arbitrary detention; and freedom of conscience, religion, and thought
Saudi Arabia applied for WTO membership in 1993 and thus its accession took 12 years. This was the second longest accession period after China which took 14 years. While WTO membership is seen as an opportunity to increase trade, for heavily trade-oriented economies this advantage is hardly noticeable.
Most people with mental illness have no capacity to make logical decisions. There are different laws that govern the treatment of people with mental illness. Some are treated voluntarily while others are treated involuntarily. They are entitled to different rights concerning their treatment. People with schizophrenia are supposed to be treated with dignity and mental illness.
The Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) indicates that cybercrime rates have been increasing over the years. The main objective of the study was to determine how Australia can improve its legal framework to address the impacts of cybercrime on businesses. In specific, the study compared the management of cybercrimes in Australia, the Europe Convention, and the United States.
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As of April 23, 2010, the Arizona governor signed into law an Act that would prevent illegal citizens from living in the state of Arizona, making it a crime to live illegally in Arizona, a law that is to take effect on July 29, 2010. This law would prompt police officers to inquire about the citizenship status of people.
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According to the paper, State of Arizona is at the very heart of the issue. State’s 350 miles long border with Mexico- a source of most illegal aliens- is mainly uninhabited, inhospitable and, subsequently, hard to patrol and protect. Not surprisingly, estimates are that around 460,000 illegal immigrants were living in the state in 2009.
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The author states that the Christian belief in the supernatural triggered witchcraft trials in an uncontrolled manner, as the accusations of the arrested witches brought everyone in the vicious circle. The Crucible brings to us the horrifying details of the Salem witchcraft trials that ruined the lives and families of hundreds of individuals.
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According to the paper, end-of-life care for the critically or terminally ill patients has acquired abundant debates from around the globe for several decades. The premise lies in its legal, ethical, and cultural implications taking into account that culture and religious beliefs vary from every state and country that is why the acceptance of end-of-life practices differs.
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This charter had proposed eight following clauses. Their nations seek no territorial and aggrandizement. They tend to see no territorial changes. They respect people’s right to choose and select the form of government. They will Endeavour the existing obligations for the purpose of future enjoyment.
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Over the years the media are seen to have experienced tremendous growth and it is now able to largely influence our perceptions in today’s world and society. Mass media such as radio, newspapers and television tend to dictate exactly how we interpret the world around us and as such, the role played by the media in regard to the war on terrorism cannot be overlooked.
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The author states that property taxes in New Jersey are high because cities and town are trapped by costly state policies that raise costs for the local government. To cover the increased costs in the government, taxpayers end up paying up the price. The Senate has to approve real consolidation and civil service reforms.
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The persistence of the Israel-Palestine conflict is an issue that has garnered a lot of attention in an effort to get to the ground of the matter. From a close observation, this feud is an issue that has suffered a lot of subjectivity depending on the side one decides to take in the problem. The Palestinian Arabs and Israel Jews have engaged in war since the end of the 19th century and the solution is yet to be found.