Business Essays

The environmental agency and European Union both have criticised the idea of a third runway in Heathrow on account of noise pollution and global warming. The cost and attractiveness of such schemes depend heavily on the nature of the site, its distance from centres of demand and the airport capacity available elsewhere in the system.  

The following paper will discuss the various financing options that are available for investors to finance their companies and the factors that affect the choice have also been discussed. This is the most common mode of financing used by companies. Here companies raise monies for the business by selling stocks of the company.

The author states that initially, developed countries utilized WTO in many ways as an 'international public good' which would allow it to enjoy the benefits of greater international market access without necessarily having to make a significant contribution itself. This initial position by developed countries soon came under pressure from other members.

From this graph, 60% of 21.90 Billion USD (referred from the 4Q of 2005) is 13.14 Billion USD which we take as its current market value. Comparing to the Current Market Value of BP which is standing at $160.8 Billion USD (60% of $268 Billion USD), LUKOIL is only 8.17% of the market value of BP.

As trade barriers fall, markets expand, information flows improve, and restrictions on investment disappear, it will become progressively easier for investors of one country to invest in corporations in another. The movement towards a worldwide capital market could, in turn, have a substantial impact on corporate governance in individual countries.

When transnational companies purchase or form alliances with state owned enterprises in developing countries, they not only increase their own access to countries that offer potentially lucrative markets and advantageous locations for manufacturing and distribution, but they also help governments achieve their goals.

[1] EMPLOYMENT GENERATION: There will be employment generation for the teeming unemployed youths and graduates who are currently keeping themselves busy with some restive and harmful activities. With responsible means of livelihood, the restiveness and vices will reduce.

Screened portfolios, the most common form of SRI, typically involve exclusion of certain industry sectors that are deemed by the investment manager to be "objectionable." For example, 83% of Canadian SRI funds exclude companies that produce tobacco products, and 63% exclude alcohol-related industries.

The author states that the major factors considered in the process are - assessment of any suitable advantages, evaluating the operational assumptions to be realistic, availability of necessary competence, resources, and attitudes, evaluation of risks and uncertainties, flexibility in operations and provision of proper time allocation.

In the modern competitive and turbulent market, companies have to retain their loyal customers and also have to attract brand switchers. According to the online survey conducted by a New York-based consulting service firm, 67% of respondents reported switching companies because of poor customer service (Beal, 2008).

In each department there were quality problems. Hassan is concerned that his managers were not performing at their best. Now the issue is to get the managers to improve their performance. Hassan has to take fast decisions in order to catch up with lost time.

In Bracrekunmitso Pharmaceuticals, manpower planning should not, though, be regarded as a new technique as it embraces existing techniques, i.e. work study, job evaluation, and description performance rating.

Fama [Eugene Fama, University of Chicago] says behavioural economists made the same mistake in reverse: 'The fact some individuals might be irrational doesn't mean the market is inefficient.'" To understand Shiller and Fama better and help us critically evaluate the rationality of their arguments and conclusions, we need to explain their different assumptions and how they arrived at their conclusions.

Its membership would help bring about a steady development of the world economy and contribute to the establishment of a just and reasonable international economic new order (Chen 2000). On the political and diplomatic side China had always wanted to be recognized by the large multilateral institutions, the WTO being prominent on the list of those to which it is not a member (Barshefsky 1999).

The author states that kiosk technology has brought many benefits to customers and businesses. Kiosk point-of-sale systems provide 24 x 7 availability to the customers where they can make transactions. The ease, with which transactions can be made, provides an important element towards an organization’s ability to attract customers.

In order to assess the situation minutely this study uses the Innovation System for Performance Improvement and RE-organization (INSPIRE) systems methodology. The role of information system is evaluated and critically discussed as a preamble to the suggested proposal for change.

There is a growing importance for small and medium-sized companies to market internationally, which implies the need for a strategy such as relationship marketing. This need is exemplified by concern of international business for an increase in turnover, turnover leveling in cases of weak economy, and intensive knowledge of competition and market possibilities (Theodosiou and Leonidou, 2003).

Financially strong countries can establish themselves as a strong and unite nation. Finance helps a lot in solving number of problems of any country. United States is one of the strongest super powers of world. With the aid of finance number of factors can be change.

Porter is better at researching on origins of company’s based capabilities than the roots of factor and demand conditions. This is because upcoming countries have proved unable to achieve widespread and industrial transformation by themselves. They have been left with options of relying on developed economies.

The author believes that ascertaining the type of recession is also an important factor for business as the degree of economic deterioration will determine the mechanisms for survival that have to be implemented. Therefore, in this paper, he will first look at the type of economic recessions that are determinable.

Up till now, there is still a dearth of academic research that trade unions could consult or make use of to guide them in their attempts to achieve effective and successful outcomes (Martin et al. 1999). Through dramatically enriching this area of research and through motivating research of a fine quality in both processes and relevance, this paper presents union leaders with analysis and information to somehow assist them in their present organizing attempts, simultaneously, constructs the groundwork for future research.

Based on my own dealings with front-line managers as a rank and file employee, front-line management (FLM) is equivalent to the position of a platoon leader in the battlefield who is a rung higher than the foot soldiers but a rung lower than the field commander.

It was an active period of political and social movements. During this age of the great fortunes and great poverty, people developed different concepts and attitudes towards wealth. They were in some ways similar and in other ways very different, but they all served to be a revealing picture of the person inside.

The author states that Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) is a method of storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders. An RFID tag is a small object, such as an adhesive sticker, that can be attached to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person.

The output of all the goods and services that these workers want to buy with their wages will also increase. Similarly, a wave of optimism that causes consumers to spend more than usual and firms to build new factories will cause the economy to expand. Recessions or depressions can be caused by these same forces working in reverse. 

In 1995 Tesco overtook Sainsbury’s as the UK’s largest supermarket. In 2001 Tesco occupied 15.6% of the UK grocery retail market and was the market leader by 6%. Tesco's enormous share is still growing: by September 2004, it had increased to a massive 28%, around 12% more than its nearest market rival, Asda.

By understanding an international trade scenario between the British Bruce Company and a French subcontractor, the complexities and importance of international trade will be understood. The paper will discuss exchange rate and interest rate risk. When the Bruce Company borrowed its money in Sterling (Pounds), but was forced to pay the French subcontractors in Euros, Bruce accountants knew exchange rate risk was a possibility.

It is important to state that Hayes and Wheelwright, in their seminal work, Capability and maturity- four stages, describe four phases of manufacturing competitiveness. Though the Singapore Air Force is not a manufacturing organization, it has developed itself by utilizing the insights gained from 4 stages model.

The paper presented clarifications on some of the key components of the E-Business system, feasibility analysis and cost-benefit analysis of the proposed E-Business system. This is a first-hand report that needs to be developed further by getting estimates from the vendors that shall potentially help us in implementing such a system successfully.

Virtual enterprise companies share costs, skills, and core competencies that enable them to access global markets with world-class solutions their members could not deliver individually. This has afforded Motorola to increase efficiency while reducing costs. It has also opened up the door for less funded competition to increase their productivity.  

This is on the basis of the marketing mix that includes product, price, promotion and place. These airlines are providing a service that helps people commute over large distances. Considering the three levels of a product or service, low cost airlines provide low fares without discounts and the usual passenger services.

Conventional management and strategies have give way to new models and techniques. Companies are compelled to look at a broader perspective than local issues and characters. Even small firms are more worried about increasing flow of capital from one destination to another and emergence of wider market.

Citigroup retained Travelers' signature red umbrella logo as its own until February 2007, when it agreed to sell the logo back to St. Paul Travelers, which renamed itself Travelers. Citigroup also decided to adopt the corporate brand "Citi" for itself and virtually all its subsidiaries, except Primerica and Banamex.

Esprit licenses its logo to third-party licensees that offer products bearing the same Esprit quality and essence to consumers. Esprit also operates the Red Earth cosmetic brand which includes cosmetics, skin care, and body care products. Esprit is listed on the Hong Kong and London stock exchanges.

Amidst all this change, the high ethical standards of an individual, be it a workman on the shop floor or the global manager, matter more now than ever. The dual ethical standards often maintained by people front-often the exact opposites when it comes of the way they conduct business are counterproductive in the long run.

The system that was evolved by the people in the company was analyzed for fitment into the theoretical study and was found to be so. This only reinforced the idea that theoretical solutions are the really conducive practical solutions that are taken by professionals in the field.

The role of book values of companies is losing its importance as it tend to be usually lower than market value. The approach taken for accounting is past-oriented from the market value which denotes mostly the companies earnings and hence the difference. This occurs because for evaluation of the real value of a company it takes into consideration its earnings measured in money as well as other intangible and tangible assets etc., also unlike the market valuation.

The essay highlights the GDP growth, investments and debts, the economic relations between countries and economic performance of the countries like Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan, Russia and other nations which have recently gained independence and separated from the former Soviet Union.

According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that the China specialty coffee industry is faced with the important issue of social and cultural diversity. With this diversity, industry players have devised various strategies which aim to satisfy the needs of different market segments.

It is not that an unexpected increase or decrease in the foreign currency may not be profitable and will always cause a loss.But this entire uncertainty hampers businesses and overall economic growth. Forward or future market concerns the delivery of exchange rate to be delivered with in 3 days or more.

It operates as a formal structure and deals with supply of vehicles to individual customers and large organizations. Just like most organizations, Rent - A - Car also had its good and bad times. It faced several problems. The researcher uses desk based, secondary research to analyze and evaluate organizational elements.

Neither title of executive or employee equates to moral perfection. Therefore, when a company has acted irresponsibly, its employees must be held liable in a proportionate amount. As for the future of ethics in business, if employees started to think more in long term benefits and profits, many of the ethical dilemmas today would be greatly reduced.

Studying the steps of each operation indicates which activities are operating well as well as the ones that are not doing good. Thus selecting the work organization principles that fit the circumstances would assist one in devising the most appropriate approach to apply to the work place.

Leadership appears at the sphere, not just the end result. Leaders stand their vision, their stipulation to others, and their veracity on realism, on the specifics, on a careful estimate of the forces on the trends. They widen the means for varying the original balance of forces so that employees can recognize their vision.

The American Association of Advertising Agencies (AAAA) defines IMC as: ‘a concept of marketing communication planning that recognizes the added value of a comprehensive plan that evaluates the strategic role of a variety of communications disciplines - for example, general advertising, direct response, sales promotion, and public relations.

Most of the stores are found in the UK i.e. they are five hundred and twenty in number. The company deals in the sale of clothing items and also in the food sector. (Faragher, 2007) The company has been well known for some of the policies it offers to its consumers.

The author states that organizations often face complex choices involving uncertainty, trade-offs, and broad consequences, but responding to such situations in rational ways can be hampered by individual decision makers’ cognitive limitations. With a myriad of time, cost and processing constraints, decision makers often fall short of rationality.

The SPE was the form of the off balance sheet finance which was used by the Management of the Enron Corporation. It is thought that the management used the SPE to hide the external liabilities from the investors and regulators. Many unconsolidated SPEs were found on the Enron's balance sheet.

Although many lauded the IT advancement, there are also questions that with this system, any incident that causes inaccurate, misleading, incomplete, or compromised patient care information is a potential patient safety risk. In today's healthcare environment, many facilities are taking advantage of new technologies and systems to improve client care and make the organization work faster, better, and with more efficiency.

When asked about the communication process within the company, Ian Newal opined that there was good communication and regular meetings will result in good industrial relations. It is often for the employer to decide the kind of relationship he wants to maintain with the employees by establishing the required communication.