Biology Essays

According to the study, research has now highlighted that increased paternal age is also a potential risk for psychiatric problems. The article discusses that children who are born to men who are beyond the age of 45 years have a greater susceptibility to having psychiatric conditions which would eventually lead to increased number of problems at school.

It is being taught in universities at Spain, Canada and Switzerland; but in the United States, it is still controversial as to include it in physical therapy curricula or not. According to him, MTrPs are defined as “hyperirritable spots in skeletal muscle associated with hypersensitive palpable nodules in a taut band” (p.15).

According to the paper, just like many other antibiotics, it can pose serious health issues to an individual with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Moringa oleifera is a prescription drug yet it is sometimes sold over the counter without a valid prescription. Some people will, therefore, take it in ignorance with the hope of curing their condition only to worsen it. 

However, its physiology presents three different types namely the Halophiles, Methanogens and Extreme Thermophile. Their lack of cell nucleus makes it easy for them to thrive in environments with poor survival conditions. For instance, the Halophilic archaea are often found thriving in salty conditions because they have a unique type of genes.

The human societies consider ecosystem valuation a controversial and a challenging task and economists have always been disparaged for attempting to put a price tag on nature. However, agencies that are responsible for managing and protecting natural resources must always make challenging spending choices in the allocation of resources (Wilson 12).

 An experimental design in this paper was used to measure germination rate, and root length, for the two plant species, at temperatures between 50C and 40. Results show that wheat germination occurs at lower temperatures and the germination rate for wheat is higher at lower temperatures. Wheat roots are also higher than corn roots for lower temperatures. The results are consistent with existing literature and the study concludes that wheat has lower optimal germination temperatures than corn

Over the years, the question of the origin of life forms has baffled humanity. This is because there have been missing links between the data provided by paleontologists and those by molecular biologists. In his book “Your inner fish,” Neil Shubin explores the human body and its relationship with the previous life forms.

According to the paper, the International Panel on Climate change has reported that every minute change in the regional temperature affects the natural systems considerably. In fact, the relation between the rising temperatures and the adverse impacts on biodiversity is directly proportional to one another. 

The essay "Probability of Genetics" will give everyone a posibility to define the prospect of a certain gene of a species and that of a penny or a dice no matter how many times they are tossed. Probability in a simple sense can be defined as how occasionally something is bound to happen.

The Human Genome Project is a worldwide research effort initiated by the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health in 1987 as a multi-disciplinary effort to understand the basis of human heredity. This international collaboration is being carried out at several genome centers located in the United States, England, France and Japan.

The molecule that is bound by the protein is known as a ligand, which may also be another protein . The transient interaction between proteins and ligands is crucial for the normal functioning of the cells.

This essay tells that the body also has prevention and fighting agents, such as platelets blood turbulence, T cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells that kill moving cancer cells. However, the majority of breast cancer cells are able to pass and endure the condition to the destination (maybe due to short distance).

The process of muscle contraction involves a series of biochemical reactions in the body of a living organism. The order of events leading to contraction is initiated in the central nervous system, as either voluntary activity from the brain or as reflex activity from the spinal cord.

The essay discusses defects as a result of chromosomal abnormalities, Down-Syndrome Disorder. There are various defects caused by a disorder in the genetic composition. They are chromosomal abnormalities, single gene defects, multi-factorial problems and teratogenic problems.

This paper gives information that homeostasis is the process by which the body regulates physiological and biological mechanisms in order to keep physiological systems in the body functioning. This can range from maintaining a basic pH in the bloodstream to temperature. The main part of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the hypothalamus...

As the paper outlines, the company enjoys controversial reputation; and is subject to several environmental and alter-globalization campaigns. Monsanto has been involved in numerous lawsuits related to health damage, dumping toxic waste in the UK, bribing incidents such as Indonesia, incorrect advertising message in France.

Cloning is a technology that has attracted increasing research because of its potential benefits. Cloning involves the production of organisms that are genetically identical to the donor organism. The production of clones occurs through two distinct procedures namely nuclear transfers and splitting of multicellular embryos.

Direct effects of the growth hormone arise from the growth hormone binding to its target cells via its receptor. Indirect effects of growth hormone get controlled by the insulin-like growth factor I- IGF-1 (Juul & Jens, 2000). IGF-1 is a hormone that gets secreted by the liver plus other tissues in response to secretion of growth hormone.

From this paper, it is clear that the outbreak of Ebola virus in parts of West Africa, and specifically Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea surprised the world and filled people with fear. This is because, for the first time, the scale of the outbreak was simply unprecedented (Bradford, 2014, Close, 1995)

Species have been defined biologically as organisms that can freely interbreed giving rise to a viable offspring. However, as more studies are being carried out, more information about species is being discovered which has led to the development of new concepts about species and their evolution can be conceptualized under the available evidence.

When it comes to the difference between the control cottage cheese and the experiment cottage cheese, the difference cannot be exactly determined due to insufficiency of data. Basically we need more information on the consistency or lumpiness of the cheeses, their gross appearance after the experiment and perhaps differences in texture, temperature and other aspects.

First of all, the man in the case study should have been diagnosed properly, especially with possible allergies to tetanus toxoid, which was the most likely cause of his death through encephalitis (“Tetanus,” 2011). Moreover, tetanus toxoid could have caused the anaphylactic shock that the man experienced prior to his death (“Tetanus,” 2011).

Neurological prostheses commonly manufactured are shunts for the central nervous system of patients with hydrocephalus, Ommaya reservoirs, intracranial pressure devices, and implantable neurological stimulators (von Eiff, et al., 2005, p.181). These are susceptible to bacterial and fungal contamination.

Gas in its pure form consists of many impurities which need to be filtered by the gas plants so that the gas can be used by the consumers. Gas can be found in oil wells, gas wells and condensate wells. Gas is usually found in a dissolved form of oil which needs to be separated at first. Here the role of Low Temperature Separator comes as it is used to cool the gas and oil.

One of the seed dispersal mechanism is by wind, the seed is carried in their fruits and dispersed away from the parent plant depending on various factors such as the nature of the wind and physical characteristics of the seed/fruit. Seed dispersal is important for the continued survival of a plant species.

Disturbances are effects which change and disturb the ecosystem. Large infrequent disturbances form a different kind of disturbance which has many factors governing it. These disturbances are different from other disturbances because they occur on a larger scale, they do not have a very frequent pattern of occurrence.

The main elements of dietary fiber are Nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP). According to (Kumar, et al., 2012), “Nonstarch polysaccharides (NSPs) include all the plant polysaccharides other than starch”. They comprise several diverse polymers, highly variable in molecular size and structure, along with monomeric structure.

Mosses belong to phylum Bryophyta, class musci and family Solanaceae (Barbour & Billings 2000). Mosses grow mostly on moist walls, shaded tree sides and even on sidewalks. They share common characteristics of phylum Bryophyta with other plants belonging to this phylum. Mosses are a few cells thick, lack true root, leaves, and stem system.

Organic production can be defined as an ecological production management system that promotes and enhances biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biological activity. It is based on minimal use of off-farm inputs and on management practices that restore, maintain, and enhance ecological harmony.

In 1987 North Carolina experienced a bloom of K. brevis. This organism entered the Gulf of Mexico and spread throughout the coast; thermal imaging was implemented in this process. One of the major considerations within this spectrum of understanding is that lesion-causing fish killers can produce a narcotizing material that can go airborne. 

In light of this statement, it is evident that there is lack of enough studies correlating with the level of toxins available in GM foods. However, lack of enough evidence that they are unsafe is not a guarantee that these foods are safe for human consumption. These same crops labeled unfit for human consumption are approved and fed to animals.

Single cell anemia is a hereditary disease that often characterized by abnormal red blood cells assuming rigid sickle shapes instead of the normal biconcave shape. The condition normally results in severe symptoms including anemia, pain and various life-threatening complications associated with a decreased flexibility of red blood cells.

The process by which sight, sound and smell is converted into electrical signals in a form that can be interpreted by the nervous system is called sensory transduction. In this process, the external stimulus is recognized by a protein embedded in the lipid membrane of the sensory receptor.

According to the report factors like peer or group pressure, emotional distress, sadness, social alienation, and environmental stress can lead to increased use and dependence. Social, and genetic factors may be important factors, the pharmacological activation of brain reward systems is largely responsible for producing a drug's potent addictive properties.

This paper focuses on how these wild cats differ and what similarities they have at the same time. Lions and tigers both belong to the cat family. Lions are mostly found in Asia and Africa while the tigers are confined to Asia only.

This paper is an analysis of the experimental procedures used in figure 3. This summary shall try to analyze those experimental processes and the key technicalities behind them. Key technical issues in the program of work include the accurate and PhIP sequencing and T7 cloning, verifying and analyzing results from human samples.

Herbal methods have always been thought to be effective, environment-friendly and inexpensive alternatives to more chemical or electronic methods of repelling or exterminating insects. This paper's purpose is to test the effectiveness of one of these herbal methods of repelling insect, the pandan plant.

The main aim is to help you to find a quick answer for the questions that are mentioned. Example: What is myringotomy? Answer: Myringotomy is a surgical approach whereby the tympanic membrane is incised. This is done to remove the fluid accumulated in the middle ear, which may be infective or non-infective.

Gorilla - Gorilla gorilla They are regarded as the largest of all living primates. They have been found to confine largely to the forested regions of central Africa. Two varieties: highland and lowland. They show marked SEXUAL DIMORPHISM.

In this process, light energy from the sun is absorbed by the chlorophyll found in chloroplasts and is converted to chemical energy. The chemical energy is used to break down the bonds in the byproducts to form products.There are two phases of photosynthesis, the light reaction, and the dark reaction phase.

Bile is a yellowish brown digestive fluid produced solely by the liver. After secretion, the fluid flows to the gallbladder where it is stored until a need arises. Unlike other secretions found along the gastrointestinal tract, bile juice hardly contains any enzymes. Instead, it contains electrolytes, water, and organic molecules.

According to the report, Chromosome, human beings are born with 23 pairs of chromosomes. Scientifically they are numbered from 1 to 23. The 23rd pair determines the sex. The XX chromosome is found in females while XY in males. Naturally, the pairing of chromosomes and genes is similar for every human being.

According to the report the EU regards it as a major contributor towards the efforts of achieving its goals as well as objectives of economic growth, employment creation, improvement of the public health, environmental safeguarding and sustainable development. biotechnology has economically become a relevant sector receiving high interest within the EU.

After clearing the tissue samples need to be hardened for sectioning to take place. As a result paraffin wax and resins are used and tissue samples are placed into molds According to the substance used either cooling or heating is required for hardening to occur.

Extensive research conducted to understand the patterns of human behavior has resulted in several breakthroughs in the field of sexuality. Homosexuality exists, although there is a diverse social response to it, and it is now being theorized that it has a biological

The contamination of atmosphere by the harmful gases is known as air pollution. There are two main agents of air pollution, nature and man. One of the major uses of water, in America, in 19th century was in steam engines. In canals, water was used for delivery and conveyance of water for consumption and navigable transportation.

While dietary and genetic factors appear to be the most important in the causation of colon cancer, the vivid displays of the disease at “BODIES…The Exhibition” should make it clear that this disease is a severe threat to individual and national health, and encourage both researchers and students to increase their efforts in searching for a cure. 

The author states that the different types of mutualism that exists include: resource-resource relationship where both species obtain a resource from the other. Service-service relationship where each species benefits from a service offered by the other. Service-resource relationship where one species offers a service to the other.

According to the report there are a number of reasons as to why genetic modification is always carried out on plants and animals. With the alteration of the genes or even introducing new genes or DNA genetic engineers are always able to make sure that they modify organisms that are of more benefit to human beings and their environment

Genetically modified foods have been applied widely and globally to help improve the sufficiency of food supplies in most regions.