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This research seeks to establish the functionality of piezoelectric materials which constitutes part of a smart material. First, there was a brief introduction into the world of smart or intelligent materials then consequentially there was delving into what the piezoelectric materials entail and their general applications.
The emergence of other materials couples with the various disadvantages of carbon fiber utilization has made some vehicle manufacturers shift away from the usage of carbon fiber as the primary material for their vehicles. The fundamental disadvantages of carbon present the reasons why many organizations are shifting from the utilization of carbon despite their advantages. Despite the prices of carbon falling, they have still remained relatively high compared to the other materials.
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The focus should not only be on treating unsafe behaviors but also to give a remedy to the causes of this unsafe behavior. The behavior-based safety programs are already in use today in many organizations and this has ensured there is a proper way to manage the basic safety requirement of the workers (Hudson, 2001).
Just like compressors, turbomachines propellers, and also shrouded propellers, there is usually a small gap between the rotor and the casing surrounding them. The key reason for the inclusion of this clearance is to avoid rubbing. For compressors, the typical clearance for the rotor is usually about one percent of the rotor’s tip axial chord.
The European Standards serve as a guideline that employers can use to ensure a safe working environment. As WBV and HV become common in workplaces, European Standards among others are found fit for a healthy working environment. Vibration at the workplace poses a great danger to employees.
Three way valves have three working ports which are inlet, outlet and exhaust. They work on two way by allowing fluid to the actuator but at same time accept the fluid that return from it. The DCV valves perform three functions
The multi-commodity network is a simple version of the single commodity network. This is so because the nodes are not highlighted by the type of commodity. This implies that the nodes are differentiated by location and period. The flows correspond to the feasible movement to the container between the two stations over a given period of time.
There is a need to implement R & D to promote comprehensive research studies and prevent accidents by investigating the accident causes. The R & D should be directed at preventing accidents. Due to the recent railway accidents in the past, there is a need to promote developments in technology that contributes to promoting railway safety.
The rail system is a complex system of transport that has a number of varying characteristics. The design of the railway is typically separated into two major components which are the design of the trains and the design of the supporting tracks. It is however very crucial that we understand the railway system as a whole.
By 1930, when it was officially opened, it was the world’s largest building. It had 4,000,000 square feet of floor space. The building was built by Marshall Field & Co. The Kennedy Family later owned the building for more than fifty years.
In response to the belief, the High-Speed Rail Association has set strategies for financing, designing, building, and operating the passenger rail (APTA, 2012). These plans are established in a manner that will ensure the sustainability and reliability of the transportation initiative (Fleming, 2010). For this reason, the future of the transportation sector in America will not be shortsighted.
According to the discussion, this can be proved from my university group assignment, where made a class presentation on the tidal barrages. In this assignment, his chosen area was to discuss the challenges facing the implementation of the tidal barrages and then prepare a sheet of paper with recommendations.
Fiber optics are usually long and thin strands of pure glass. They are normally arranged in bundles that are called optical cables and are used to transmit signals over long distances. The fibre optic system for data transmission is used to send information over the fibre optic by converting electronic signals into light.
Car accidents can either be a head-on collision, rollovers, side collisions, or rare-end collisions. The United States of America for instance at times experiences fatal accidents. At least eighty percent of car accidents are a result of an error. In 2012, statistics show that ninety-two people on the roadways were killed.
An Airborne Laser Scanning system is composed of an Inertial Measurement Unit, a Laser Scanner Unit, and a Global Positioning System receiver. The first crucial step in DEM generation from Airborne Laser Scanning is separating the Airborne Laser Scanning points into the terrain or ground, as well as non-terrain or non-ground points.
Fiber optic transmits light in its hub through the aggregate interior impression of the light. The center is incorporated by a cladding layer made of dielectric materials. Downright inner reflection happens when the refractive record of the center of the fiber link must be more prominent as contrasted with the refractive file of the cladding.
Nevertheless, the development of digital elevation models more precise data collection methods and maybe resource-intensive as compared to the development of normal topographical maps. The National Mapping agency is the major national organization tasked with addressing the maps and other geological navigation instruments for the country.
The author states that back-up systems, as well as auxiliary systems, offer traditional heat moments when the solar system does not give enough space for heating. Under storage devices, liquid systems apply and do well considering the radiant heating systems. Other instruments include boilers that have radiators for hot water.
Carbon fiber composites are one of the most commonly used materials in vehicles. Carbon fiber is normally used in high-performance applications. The carbon fiber can be made from polyacrylonitrile fiber (PAN). The main advantage of most of the composite materials is that it saves weight (Chung, 1994).
Through preparing access to the market for a variety of products on the newly established ecological requests, the European Union was reflected, as a result, as having established new international standards on products that motivate changes in the design of shielded merchandise irrespective of the place they were made and traded.
And also considering that the orientation for the carbon fiber layers is arranged in a typical 0o, 450, 45o (the opposite angle), 0, 90, 45, 45(the opposite angle)) and for the fiberglass is (0, 45). The safety factor and design measures aim to maximize design stress, which falls below the ultimate tensile stress (UTS).
The purpose of the report was to test concrete masonry units for compressive strength, absorption, moisture content, and density. The test produces compressive strength, absorption, moisture content, and density data for the control and specification of concrete masonry units. These data are important for the safety and proper performance of masonry structures.
The process the mixes two metal pieces mechanically at the joint area, then the metal which is softened (because of elevated temperatures) are joined through the use of mechanical pressure applied by the device (Mishra, 2005). This looks much like the joining of dough or clay.
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The Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter will be employed in measuring the velocity while the strain gauge was used to measure the drag force on this fixed cylinder at different occasions based on the position of this other cylinder which is not fixed.
How much torque is required to ensure that a diver performs a stand, which requires him to rotate once before touching the water from a height of 42ft? (Mott, 2008).The diver's torque can be obtained by multiplying the mass Moment of inertia of the diver with the diver's density. The diver's density is obtained by dividing the athlete's mass with the volume of the diver.
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A rubber band car is a small car driven by a single or more rubber band. The rubber bands induce the car with mechanical power which in turn drives the vehicle along a certain path. These kinds of cars have a potential type of energy that is stored in the object. Potential energy is then converted to kinetic energy when the rubber band is released.
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The potential mechanical type of energy is established whenever the objects are stretched or compressed. The theory of elasticity basically established a complicated system that was combined with the analytical understanding of solid body materials and mechanics. The equation for elastic potential in calculating the mechanical equilibrium positions.
3D printing relates to technological innovation that involves additive manufacturing. 3D printing entails the process of developing three-dimensional solid products of any shape using digital models. Some of the significant characteristics of 3D printing include accommodating variant complex geometries, supporting diverse materials.
An electrical ladder diagram is supplied with nearly every electrical machine. It is a tool to evaluate the problems with the machines while troubleshooting the errors on the machine. An electrical ladder diagram consists of numerous electrical schematic symbols that are linked linearly to develop a diagram. An electrical ladder diagram has two basic portions.
Engineering solutions can be established with the consideration of the various challenges available in different areas. The design and establishment of the solution require engineering research and measurements on things such as traffic magnitude, soil type, and climate among others. The establishment of a solution to these challenges is attainable.
The viaduct bridges are “functionally obsolete” with lane widths, load-carrying capacity, clearance, and approach alignments not meeting current standards. Accident rates are multiple times the national average. The viaduct bridges require replacement, not rehabilitation.
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Traffic noise is well-referred to unwanted sound coming from vehicles operating on the roadways. Most of the traffic noise in the major cities and urban centres is caused by tires moving on pavements and also the sound produced by the vehicle engines. It has been the major cause of noise pollution in the 21st century.
Most of the customers are satisfied with their services, hence making them confident that they will gain more customers by improving their services and even being able to retain their customers. In North America, the company has maintained a good reputation as the best garbage collection company.
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Examples of glass fiber reinforced polymer, carbon fiber reinforced polymer, etc. can be illustrated to establish the utility of composite materials for aircraft structure manufacturing and design. According to Kalanchiam and Chinnasamy, it can be concluded that metal alloy based and composite materials based aircraft structures have their specific advantages and disadvantages.
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In many regions, there is an apparent imbalance in infrastructural development. Some rural areas have cent percent cent connectivity while others lack the resources to catch up in rural connectivity. Oxfordshire countryside records evident little connections characterized by low-level support, no road upgrading.
The author states that the machinery operator (victim) was the only person working in the construction zone at the time. It seemed like the victim had completed the construction of a road that was adjacent to the hillside and afterward move the equipment towards the steep side of the hill by the end of the newly constructed road.
The author states that the system known as solid-state control that is modern came to existence in the 1980s. This was when all the vehicle systems that were manufactured in the U.S. had a primitive computer and check engine light. The innovation has advanced and currently, the computers are used in numerous activities in the cars.
The LP-GA method has been proposed as the most appropriate way of solving this problem. This method has also been tested and its performance compared to other methods and the results support the method as it performs much better than all the other methods. Through more extensive research, this system can be made more efficient and further improvements can be done on the system.
The construction sector in the UK, despite the challenges that resulted from the 2008 economic crisis, remains vital to the UK economy and also one of Europe’s largest construction markets. The transformations are mainly founded on the shift towards sustainable and green construction while seeking to take advantage of the opportunities to optimize efficiency.
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AASHTO is the main method used across the United States. Ideally, 0-5 scale values are used to rate the pavement condition. The scale is measure of serviceability to which the design empirical procedure is basically based. Primarily, the AASHTO design procedure is based on the “structural number” concept for flexible pavements structure.
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The essence of the engineering studies cannot be overlooked due to other activities in the course of engineering studies. Therefore, I pledge total commitment to the course so that I can develop myself personally and professionally. Since I have set up my goals, hard work and determination will drive me through the studies.
The law clearly assigns the biggest responsibility to the contractor. The conditions of the contract should stipulate that the contractor has the duty to manage the safety of all operations at the site. The contractor does not have legal authority not to comply with provisions in the health and safety management schedule.
Air/gas-based drilling mechanism is most commonly implemented in onshore and offshore oil and gas rigs(Midland, 2013). Research shows that gas-based underbalanced drilling provides better pressure stability at the good bore by decreasing the density of drilling fluid and hence, providing the least damage to the formation.
The suspension bridge could be replaced with a cable-stayed bridge, which is of similar strength but uses less steel. Moreover, trussed girders could be replaced with cellular steel boxes, which are not only light but also cheap to maintain. Finally, some steel sections of the bridge could be replaced with concrete reinforced with steel.
To do an analysis of Crankshaft, Camshaft, Piston, and Connecting Rod through Ansys software in order to comprehend the concept of stress caused during loading. And then give an idea about weight reduction and changing the material to reduce the price of Lawnmower engine is the other step of this Project.
If we consider an object in which heat is flowing in an X-direction. Heat must flow from a higher to a lower temperature. Assuming that T1 is greater than T2. The temperature difference is given by T1-T2=ΔT and this creates Q which is the heat quantity. From the second law of dynamics, the ΔT is a drop in temperature.
Lake Roosevelt provides water to the Grand Coulee Dam. A feeder canal pumps the water into an equalizing reservoir, which is Banks Lake. The reservoir lake is a result of two dams found on both sides of the Grand Coulee: the North Dam and the Dry Falls Dam situated on the upper end and outlet respectively.
Furthermore, the optimum reflux ratio was determined and placed at 1.02483, and the optimum reflux ratio to the minimum of 0.7392. Furthermore, the design set the height at 21.07m, the diameter at 3.95m, and the tray spacing at 0.6m.
The process of arbitration is private, formal and binding, where a decision will be made by a chosen 3rd party who is the arbitrator. In the situation with CC Development Ltd. and DD Ltd, the resolution can be done through arbitration with the two parties agreeing to involve a 3rd party to resolve their issues.