Psychology Essays

The books however argue differently on individualism and collectivism in Eastern and Western cultures depending on circumstances of the society. (Berns, 2001) argues that the westerners enjoy the full rights to life with all the good thing that come with it whereas the Easterners right to life comes with a responsibility and is achieved by effectively accomplishing their responsibilities.

Though her examination may not comprise a formal diagnosis, it may denote experiences or behaviors that indicate mental illness. An example includes fears and hallucinations that are classifiable as a symptom even though may not supply sufficient symptoms to fulfill the criteria for symptoms listed in the ICD or DSM (Stone, 1987).

In addition, there is existence of a positive correlation between extroversion and transformational and transactional leadership styles, while on the other hand there is existence of a negative correlation between extroversion and passive-avoidant leadership styles.

The growing literature on the understanding of human development has made it clear that both sides of the debate are partly right. Nature endows individuals with inborn traits and capabilities while nurture molds the genetic tendencies as people mature and learn.

I mentioned in my research proposal that it has always been a hot topic of debate whether teenage violence is a result of biological factors, or environmental/evolutionary conditions are also responsible for it. Although I have proposed that teenage violence is a result of an environmental factor; i.e., substance abuse; yet, I came across some very strong opposing viewpoints that emphasized that teenage violence is solely related to biological factors (Ferguson, 2008, p.321) or, in other words, genetics (Tehrani and Mednick, 2000).

Among these theories is analogical problem solving theory that was created by Gick and Holyoak. They conducted several experiment to understand how having prior experience information about a certain problem affects how they arrive to a solution. In experiment 4, Gick and Holyoak replicate the previous three experiments where they give the subjects a story and the subjects are then given a radiation problem to solve.

The simplest yet most precise definition of obedience is acting in accord with a direct order or command. A person cannot arbitrarily be assumed to obey if there lacks an established framework of rules or a precise command that lays expectations on how individuals should actually behave.

One should know he has achieved excellence when he has made the most of every opportunity, not only in terms of effort and trial, but also in terms of accomplishment and achievement. Some come to define themselves, justly or unjustly, as excellent; however, there are always more ways, more situations, and more opportunities to make the world a better place and, in turn, fulfill one’s own potential.

This enables the companies to retain their old customers as well as gain new ones. Changes in the environment, and the world of business, demand for more of such creative activities on the part of the companies. Moreover with such needs, different organizations feel the necessity for effective management facilities and capabilities in order to handle the changes.

I determined whether or not vital signs are present. I monitored his Blood Pressure. I also waited for him to regain consciousness. Knowing what this man has undergone, I prepared the necessary medications that might be demanded from us once the man regains his consciousness.

The biological aspect of psychology that deals with the study of the neurological processes and impulses which forms the basis of thinking and cognitive functioning within a human being is one of the most fundamental studies in this field as it includes most of the asepcts mentioned above.

People with prosopagnosia may behave normally in all the other circumstances, except in circumstances in which they force to identify certain faces. They may recognize other objects quite normally, but when it comes to face recognition, they may struggle to identify the faces they observed in their past life.

Name: Professor: Course Title: Date: Abnormal Psychology 1. Antisocial Personality Disorder has genetic and physiological causes. According to the text, adopted children of criminals with this disorder rate high in criminality (physiological cause). Criminality involves getting into trouble.

These adaptations originate from the theoretical framework spelling out natural assortment and sexual selection. Evolutionary psychologists establish that the human mind is organized and divided into different modules, each with its respective functionality as a separate entity, performing diverse functions just like the body (Badcock, 2000).

 This act was done within the school properties. After an extensive investigation of the jury, Jerry was found to have committed about 40 cases of sex abuse. Many of the school officials were charged with false swearing as they covered up these wrong acts of the couch for years. 

Given that like all disciplines, psychology is highly anthropocentric, it is easy to observe that most psychology books are therapeutic in nature. One of the most outstanding therapeutic books which have been written from a psychological point of view, by an authority in psychology is Becoming Naturally Therapeutic: a Return to the True Essence of Helping.

At any given point, between 6 – 7% of the adult population in the United States of America suffers from depression and may need treatment (Barlow, 2005). This makes Depressive disorders an important issue that needs to be studied and understood in detail.

The human brain is a complex system although man has been slowly cracking down the coordination of the signals and activities. Psychologists and neuroscientists are using this knowledge to enhance the memory and learning process of the human brain. In addition, humans have designed procedures of restoring lost neural connections.

For a long period, this issue has raised a lot of controversies among experts in the field of children’s mental health development. Bipolar disorder constitutes incidents of both major mania and despair. The diagnostic manual relied upon by mental health professionals is based on the identification of bipolar disorder among grown-ups.

Unnatural Causes Furthermore, the torture black women face for the fear of giving birth to the less weight children is adverse as the whites only associates the babies to poor practices such as smoking, poor parental care and taking alcohol. Another aspect of the society that causes psychological and mental health is the social gap that separates the whites from the blacks due to the level of poverty.

The prenatal development influence later development of a person in different ways. It is during the prenatal period that caregivers prepare to develop the child in its various aspects. It is during this period that the caregivers have the prospects of the sex of the child and thus designs the gender roles and gender typing.

This is due to the labour intensive nature of the industry and the significance of practical training on employee’s motivation and skills. Organizational training also contributes the role of HR department within an organization. In addition, organizational training contributes to employee’s motivation, skills, and knowledge.

The utilitarianism theory explains that an action, which maximizes the sense of happiness and pleasure, is the action regarded best in nature. The results of this theory can be identified solely through the outcomes leaded by the actions defined as the ideal course.

MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator), consists of 16 different types of personality, each type having a four letter code, which describes and helps utilize the differences in the personality (McCaulley, 1998). MBTI instrument estimates the preferences and judgments of an individual developed from the self-analysis of the reactions, preferences and judgments.

The latter two approaches are discussed in this essay. The first section presents an overview of classical conditioning and operant conditioning. The second part discusses the two approaches’ strengths and weaknesses. And the last section discusses the relevance of these two approaches to contemporary counseling practice.

Together, both positive psychology and resiliency factors empower an individual to readily face and survive life challenges. Contemporary times have brought about so many complexities that people have to live with. One of these is stress which may come in various forms and degrees.

The diagnosis process is described in the paper within the application of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV) model and David’s symptoms to come up with a conclusive diagnosis.

A psychiatry professor at John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Kay Jamison not only recounts her own struggles with the mental illness but also how she has been able to use her experience to treat patients similarly affected as well as crusade for a better understanding of the disorder.

As such, the problems are as follows: the increased incidence of counseling needs and psychological issues on returning, active duty, and inactive duty soldiers, the negative stigma that is oftentimes associated with seeking counseling and the political desire to paint a favorable image of the military and the wars that have been fought; thereby encouraging the under-reporting of psychological issues and counseling services required by today’s military personnel, and the lack of financial resources to deal with the preponderance of counseling and psychological needs that today’s military personnel demand.

This paper will attempt to provide a critical analysis of theories from Skinner and Bandura. It is curious to note that although B.F. Skinner and Albert Bandura both wanted to know how the individual changes behavior they went about it in different ways. Whereas B.F.

The Violence Prevention Alliance (VPA) has addressed this predicament in the “World report on violence and health (WRVH)” (Definition and topology of violence, 2012). Exposure to violence in one’s adolescence can have long term impact on the life of the person in terms of his health, behavior as well as responsibility towards his or family and the greater society.

First, his concept of chunking and short-term memory proves really challenging and informative. His idea of short-term holds 5- 9 chunks of data seems applicable in all spheres of life, thus forming the basis of subsequent memory theories (Miller, 1956). Consequently, the second concept, Test- Operate- Test – Exit (TOTE), proposing the replacement of the stimulus response with TOTE is applicable in the contemporary world.

Some of the rape myths include; women provoke men to rape. Men cannot be raped. Women present false reports concerning rape. Married man cannot rape his spouse. Rape happens at night. Women enjoy being raped in secret, among others. In most cases, women are raped.

Watson saw psychology from the perspective that it was not a study of the mind or consciousness; rather it was a measure of behavior and that humans like apes and rats could have their behavior objectively studied (DeMar, 1989). Behaviorists believe that behavior can be measured irrespective of the internal mental states and the objectivity of behavior measurement suggests that only the observable behaviors should be studied as the internal states like emotions and cognitions have high subjective quality to them and bear no consideration when measuring behavior (Cherry, 2012).

This research aims to evaluate and present five steps on how to get over disappointment. These steps would be stated as follows: by making-up ones mind, figure out how to avert the same disappointment in future; stop going over the details; get on grossed in something to create fun and take the disappointment in strides.

The author states that psychotherapy allows understanding of human behavior thoroughly and provides unique propositions for the practice of counseling on the patients. Based on the cognitive behavior therapy, it has been obtained that thinking influences and affects behavior. Thus, thinking and feeling are significant measurements.

A: I have remained active throughout my life, trying to do more physical exercises every day, just to see that I remain physically fit, despite the passing years. Q: So, what types of physical activities have you been involved in? When did you start undertaking the physical exercises?

I. Introduction. II. Body Mass Index (BMI) offers the best way of determining whether the body weight of an individual is right or in health risk. III. Ways of achieving weight loss. A. Healthy lifestyles 1. Nutritional modification through dieting 2. Physical Exercise to burn calories 3.

In this disorder, the patients do not have any underlying motive for the false portrayal of a disease and it is this point which has been laid as the differentiation factor of factitious disorder from malingering by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV-TR).

It is therefore important to have consultation guidelines or framework to help suicide victims (Anderson, 2007). In any country, the government should work closely with counseling professionals to ensure that suicide victims receive help. Any strategy developed by the counselors integrates with other suicide prevention strategies to have a collective responsibility (Rachmnand et al., 2011).

According to research, one of the basic pointers of bipolar disorder is as a genetic condition, where the patient almost always has a history of bipolar in the family. For example, according to Chung (2007), the case study presented involved a history of manic depression in the family.

Factors Contributing to the Production of an Infant’s Whereas the ability of infants to speak their first words might seem general, there are fascinating important things about children’s speech. It is without denial that infants are totally unaware of their environment and speech and this nature of mental blankness creates the first difficulty for language acquisition.

The author states that another issue that makes a certain employment practise a bona fide occupational qualification is the legality of the practise. In almost all professions, a holder of a position is required by law to perform some certain duties and responsibilities, these responsibilities cannot be separated from the profession.

Although there are many types of pseudoscience, perhaps one of the more interesting versions is with regards to what has become known as crytpozoology. Within this particular branch of pseudoscience, individuals seek to prove or disprove, although mainly merely discuss, the existence of creatures that verified science has no record or proof of ever having existed.

These passengers could be professionals, workers, students, sports enthusiast, and mere travellers, in a rush or simply on time for the ride. Their actions and how they positioned themselves are often subject of varied interpretation of psychologists or sociologists who are in observational research of their behaviours.

Many people tend to ignore simple psychological challenges that they undergo without actually realizing that some of these problems can be directly attributed to their childhood experiences. The article mainly focuses on the mediation effect of neuroticism on the Relationship between Childhood Adversity and Adult Sleep Quality.

Although the authors are observant that neural processes are of great interest within social neurosciences, they agree that little knowledge exists about the modulation of the brain’s emphatic responses by the effectiveness of the link between individuals (Singer et al 2006).

This sensation is experienced by approximately 60-80% of all amputees with the majority experiencing phantom pain. Other than limbs, phantom pains and other sensations also occur for other amputated parts of the body. These may include the eyes, breasts, teeth etc.

 The negative tendency in the social development is reflected in the crisis of the family institute leveling the moral values and moral norms. The result is the increasing number of social orphans, child neglect, and delinquency. Now such item as addictive or deviant behavior has become widely used in the fields of pedagogy and psychology. 

In order to treat former military personnel as well as to prevent the increase of homeless veterans, many programs must be conducted in order for them to be able to reintegrate back into society, get past most of the trauma they have experienced in the battlefield, as well as to get medical help and be given homes to come home to.