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The term “monopoly” indicates a market structure where one business dominates the market due to the absence of competition. In addition to this classical definition, the modern use of the term “monopoly” also indicates market structures where market entry is highly discouraged. Market entry can be discouraged through a host of inhospitable measures
The company has been involved in building a plant in the year 2009 (Amyris a) and in this project the company was using synthetic technology in order to make fuels by changing the sugarcanes and at the same time making sure that the chemicals are removed.
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Total Revenue = Total Costs Output Price x Output Units = Total Fixed Costs + Unit Variable Cost x Output Units $25 x 200,000 = (TFC + $22) x 200,000 $5,000,000 = (TFC + $22) x 200,000 $5,000,000 = total revenues TFC = (p-v) times X where p is the unit sale price, v is unit variable price, x is unit sales TFC = ($25 - $22) x 200,000 = 3 x 200,000 = $600,000 Total Fixed Costs Profit = revenues – (Fixed Costs + Total Variable Cost) P = $5,000,000 – FC - $4,400,000 P = $600,000 - $600,000 = 0 Assuming a $1,000,000 Fixed Cost $4,400,000 + $1,00,000 / 200,000 = $5,400,000 / 200,000 = $27 Average Total Cost The business sustains a $400,000 loss in scenario two In the third scenario: P = $5,000
More and more forms working tilting the same hectare of land will yield fewer and fewer extra bushels of grain. In agriculture the large the population with the amount of fixed, the higher the price of food must go even though total food production is greater. Malthus identified the substance wage, with foodstuff the workers’ wages are what workers eat.
Economists define money as the medium of exchange in the form of coins and banknotes. The use of money lies in the transaction processes in exchange for goods as well as services. Commodity money is treated to be the good whose value serves as the value of money. There is no readily identifiable group of assets that all economists would agree are money.
Football has demonstrated strategy, highly structured competition, clear outcomes, and profitability. In his book, Baye (267) identifies four market structures which include: competitive market, monopolistic market, monopolistic competitive market and oligopoly market structures.
This essay primarily focuses on the evaluation of the practical viability of two distinct socioeconomic theories, that explain consumption behavior of different groups of people. The theory of Life Cycle Hypothesis considers the age as the core factor. The second theory propagates the belief that people are divided into planners and reactors.
The federal government uses macroeconomics to assess and analyze the alterations in rates of taxation and supply of money which in turn influence economic parameters like inflation and unemployment. John Maynard Keynes developed Macroeconomics to build theories and policies to ensure the Great Depression of the 30s does not happen again.
The policy implication promotes the policy of such programs for the parents to get their children into preschool programs for the child’s intellectual, cognitive, and readiness development. This policy seems agreeable. This fact cannot be neglected that these programs play a vital and progressive role in the upbringing of children.
Even though the same report pointed out that the budget deficit would reduce markedly from $1.1 trillion in 2012 to around $200 billion in 2022, representing 58 percent of the GDP, it painted a grim picture of the economy (Kogan, 2012). Notwithstanding, the present economic pressures would make it hard to reduce the deficit unless stern and sound policies and regulations are put in place.
All of them offer Chinese foods and other restaurant services on their menus (native foods). This industry is competitive since there are many players but each restaurant is able to attract clients. In addition, each restaurant has a group of loyal customers.
It will require more units of money for the same goods and services purchased or the number of goods and services purchased with the same amount of money is reduced. In effect, inflation is the loss or the diminishing of the value of money in a given economy. In plain language, inflation is the instance where goods and services get expensive.
The public is still relatively unaware of the seriousness of this issue, and many women are still hesitant or do not where to receive regular breast screenings. Public health initiatives are designed to bridge this information gap. They give members of a given community access to life-saving information and resources.
This essay mainly focuses on the assessment of the current macroeconomic developments in the United States. The issues arising from selected policy prescriptions are discussed with reference to government expenditure for maintaining social security system in US. Alternative policy solutions to current crisis are also presented in the paper.
Global communication facilitated by the Internet transmits instant news and information in every part of the world. The young people use the tool as easy access to information and knowledge, as well as communicating with friends through social networking sites.
Inequality in reproductive health is indicated by fertility rates in adolescents and maternal mortality. Economic activity inequality is measured by the rate of participation in labor market by each gender. The GII value of Senegal is 0.54. Compared to Uganda and Cote d’Ivoire which have GII values of 0.517 and 0.632 respectively, Senegal’s GII value is relatively large.
From 1940 to 1960, the annual rate of growth in actual health spending per capita averaged 3.6%. In the 1960s, the annual rate of growth in actual health spending per capita was 3.6%. In the 1990s, the figures were 6.5%. The fraction of GDP accounted for by health care spending increased from 4.5% in 1940 to 12.2% in 1990.
In particular, the paper focuses on how the FED used three key tools of monetary policies during the time of economic crisis. These tools include open market operations, setting the reserve requirements and discount rate. As it is shown in the paper, the monetary policy of the Fed proved to be effective in correcting a financial crisis,
This essay will help to understand the mechanism of the law of supply and demand. The law of supply and demand is represented in graphical form through the supply and demand curve. The supply and demand curve can have shifts or movements. Application of the law affects the behavior of all businesses that sell goods or services.
There is a high likelihood that the university will let the food outlets to many firms because this will increase the diversity of the products that will be offered. This will also increase the competition between the firms leading them to improve their services and products unlike if it was a single firm which will be a monopoly.
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The author argues that economic freedom is a major precondition for political freedom. The book is based on the United States perspective of a pure capitalist society. It is an insightful book that provides insight into economics and its relationship to freedom in addition to other economic aspects.
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According to the paper, the export revenues of crude oil in the UAE has been used for the development of infrastructure, health care and education. The government’s efforts in diversification into construction, trading and retail, financial services and tourism to reduce the Emirates’ share of oil in the economy has started yielding results.
Psychology facilitates understanding human behavior through their knowledge and sensitivity to individual differences. As social norms rule and define acceptable behavior among various groups, individual differences in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, religion, disability and social orientation influences the development of social norms.
The business environment around us has been evolving and expanding into a rapid state of competition and growth. Most firms around the world have been able to establish themselves only because of the hard work, perseverance as well as business and marketing strategies that they have been able to apply.
Based on the assessments and the gap analysis, a framework and collection of possible approaches come under proposal and recommendation that can better understand the needs of the talked about enterprise, reduce and shrink the threats involved in a Knowledge management system, and eventually facilitate the company in its development and growth.
The Financial Crisis In 2008, the global market collapsed, The Bush administration figured out that only government intervention could save the companies whose failure could fetch destructive reactions. American Insurance Group (AIG) and Fannie Mae and Freddie Macare are those two giants which suffered from this crisis.
This would stop the flow of foreign exchange coming into Japan and may deplete the foreign exchange reserves of Japan. This can lead to currency depreciation and other bad macroeconomic effects. All in all, the entire economy will suffer and face serious macroeconomic problems like inflation, unemployment, and the Balance of Payment deficit. (Sloman 2003)
The author uses a tax reform in 2002 in Greece to show these effects by developing a unique database that has all the information on transfers. The findings of this paper show that financial constraints resulting from tax are another way through which taxes can impact a firm's investment.
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The Philippines is a densely populated Southeast Asian country which gained independence in1946 after the defeat of Japanese forces by the Allied troops in the Second World War. The country is a democracy with a presidential form of government. The Philippines enjoys good relations with United States, Middle East, and China.
Management Theories Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Employee Empowerment Culture 3 Real Life Example 3 Conceptual Framework 4 Alternate Model 4 Penetration Pricing 5 Real Life Example 5 Conceptual Framework 6 Alternate Model 6 References 7 Employee Empowerment Culture Employee empowerment concept has emerged as major breakthrough in the field of human resource management.
These regional financial arrangements are rather different and range from foreign exchange reserve pooling and government financing to currency swap arrangements. What is widespread to all these schemes, in spite of their intrinsic variety, is that they all wish to promote regional integration along with financial and macroeconomic stability.
The economy of U.S.A
However, the country intensified in propulsion of relevant aspects that would capacitate U.S.A to recover from the economic situation that also affects the balance of payment (Barfield and Claude, 312). This essay entails of the factors that the U.S.A focuses to use in making positive changes to stimulate economic growth (Gwartney and James, 248).
Environmental Economics. India is one of the fastest growing countries in the world. It is also home to more than 1.3 billion people. With the opening up of the economy in 1991, the country has seen rapid growth across all industries. While the services sector of the country, lead by the Information Technology industry, fuelled the growth in the initial stages of liberalization, the manufacturing and core industries like iron, steel, oil and construction also participated in the growth subsequently.
Information gathering It has been necessary for Ford to conduct an internal investigation and gather information. The investigations have been to assess performance levels, safety concerns, employee misconduct, harm to property, sexual harassment, attitude, employee capability, and theft cases.
The central concept of Occupy Wall Street is dissimilar within different nations, making it ineffective to have an impact on the political and economic system. Media coverage of the protest has also reduced significantly in recent days. However, it can be argued that irrespective of the fact that the Occupy Wall Street movement may fade away.
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The author states that the dispute between the two countries regarding the production of energy is vested in the production of green energy that is friendly to the environment. While the U.S. would like its companies to be involved in the leading role of energy production globally, China too would like its companies to take the leading role.
International economics is a field that is focused on the effects upon which the economic activities of international differences in consumer preferences, productive resources and the entire institutions that affect them. The field also takes the responsibility of explaining the consequences and patterns of interactions and transactions between different countries and their inhabitants.
There are four primary laws of supply and demand. First, if demand rises and supply remains unaffected, there will be a shortage causing a higher equilibrium cost. Second, if demand lessens and supply remains unaffected, there will be a surplus causing a lower equilibrium cost.
The advantages of the demand policies approach include reducing the taxation on the products which helps people to increase the amount of investment in certain products. This reduces tremendously the cost of products in the market and hence reduces the inflation rates because the market stabilizes on the supply and on the products.
There are no two opinions over the fact that the sheer pace of technological innovations in the electronics industry has paved the way for the launching of new and improved versions of electronics products at the reduced process to over competition. It has led to airing competition between big players, such as Apple, Samsung, and others.
The growth of the world economy was rapid from 1000 A.D. onwards. This survey tries to enumerate the various factors that were responsible for the progress of the economy. In the end, it briefly explains the geographic extent of political control of the so-named ‘state’ in the current terminology. The 15th century was termed the medieval age.
Sports teams spend a great deal of money on the players that they hire in order to get the best possible mix of good play from their hires. There is something to be said about the power of money in creating a team that is a winning team. The mix of financial incentives and quality from spending more is likely to provide for a higher level of team efficiency.
The decline in consumption also reflects a rise in the household saving rate. In this regard, other consequences can be the decline of domestic consumption, and domestic investment such as spending on infrastructure, real estate and factories increases from 51.2% to 53.9% over the identical period. Thus, it can be agreed with the article because though the GDP growth rate of China declined employment is not actually affected by it.
Nigeria’s Growth and Economic Experience
Further, the predominant issue in post-independent Nigeria has been how to maintain political stability and an attempt to manage economic development, (Falola and PaddockBottom of Form , 2011; Mbaku, Ihonvbere and Association of Third World Studies (U.S.), 1998) Nigeria’s brief history In the wake of political uprisings and pivotal movements in Nigeria in the year 1999, the country show remarkable struggle with formidable challenges of political reform against a background of economic malaise and social violence.
For instance, it is widely believed that apart from participating in the normal duty of making profits for the owners, business should also strive to provide employment to the people and participate in conserving the environment. The big challenge lies in whether the business should sacrifice their profits to perform activities that are considered as part of their corporate social responsibility.
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Economic indicators based on actual data or leading indicators are used by the Federal Reserve in firming up its monetary policies. In order to achieve its objectives, Federal Reserve controls money supply directly in the economy through supply of Federal Reserve balances and indirectly by controlling the interest rates.
Generally, relative to the size of Iceland’s economy, it is the largest systemic banking collapse suffered by any country in economic history. This paper aims to analyze the documentary “Job Inside” which critically analyzes Icelandic financial crisis. Iceland is one of the richest economies in Europe.
Economics is the study of manufacture, distribution and the consumption of goods in a market structure. Economics is a social science that revolves around people’s life starting when they are born till when one dies. Economics has various agents’ that conduct the business in the market, some of these agents includes customers, suppliers, producers and the governments.
The supply demand theory suggests that the demand for carbon fuels will be discouraged due to the increasing prices of the carbon fuels. The following figure depicts the effect of increasing prices of fuels on the budget line of the household economy while the prices of the other goods remain same.
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United States Economy
We are going to look at the industries that have become additionally important in the United State economy and how the government is taking over the share of the nation’s output. The growth of people’s income, the distribution of people’s income among many more will be addressed.