Health Sciences & Medicine Essays

Hegar et al (2012) conducted a study on the process of annual mammography on women and its need. Their concern of the study was focused on the women being diagnosed with breast cancer within a year of a formerly benign mammogram, benign mammograms referring to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 1 or 2.

The increase in access to healthcare services has placed significant stress on the government, households, and insurance firms’ budgets as the towering cost takes up a lot of income. The market for healthcare has thus developed, and this has resulted in competition since the government does not decide the price and quality at providers will offer.

This is essential since failing to observe medical regulations may earn organization detrimental consequences. Importantly, poor management of the challenges presented by law and ethical demands undermines the quality of the health services. This essay examines ethical and legal issues in the case "corporate cover-up Advocat.

When used properly, the organization will progress; when used inappropriately, the organization will collapse. Mester et al (2003) denotes that the leadership pillar in an organization drives the interpersonal facets of the business, such as team spirit and morale.

It depicts the previous and current scenario of the patient. Allocation of medicine and prescription is done according to the record, so a minor misleading or wrong information can be harmful to a patient’s health. The health information management cell is hence responsible to take care of the record and categorize patients accordingly.

Infectious diseases exist because of the existence of microscopic organisms. More commonly known as microorganisms, the ones that cause infectious diseases are known as pathogens, that is, any bacterium, fungus, the virus that can cause disease. The main types of pathogens are; bacterium, fungus, virus and protozoa.

Kinesiology known as human kinetics defines the scientific studies involving human movement. The discipline addresses physiological, psychological, and mechanical mechanisms regarding the human body. Applications of the discipline in human health include strength and conditioning, rehabilitation, orthopedics and biomechanics, and sports psychology. 

A healthcare facility may be a hospital or a clinic or a specialized care center. In order to establish these types of healthcare facilities, there are certain crucial factors that require to be considered such as a country’s standards as well as the location where such facility is planned to be developed (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2013).

The two codes of ethics compared above hold in common the importance of maintaining client confidentiality, respect and privacy. They also stress the importance of respecting the client’s need for information and autonomy. However, the implications may differ because of the difference in the groups served in the two cases.

Maintaining ethics, however, may be a challenge to health care providers in some scenarios. The right to privacy and confidentiality in health care provision is among the fundamentals that patients enjoy as provided by law. According to Butts and Rich (2005), patients including those engaged in criminal activities and adolescents are most likely to give information when they are sure of their privacy and confidentiality of the process.

The author describes the glaring health disparity among different socioeconomic groups. The problem of public health is not alarming in the UK because of lack of efficient health policies, but public health can become a matter of concern if implementation of public health strategies is not impressive.

As you asked, this memorandum has been compiled to outline negotiating strategy that will be used for the forthcoming intra agency negotiation. The memo outlines the background of the whole issue and also highlights the key issues to be addressed. Research has shown that perinatal depression (depression during pregnancy and postpartum depression) occurs in approximately10 percent of pregnancies. 

Scientific research has immensely contributed to the medical field. Researches done in the past and in recent times have employed proper scientific guidelines to ensure their validity in different contexts. Although it would be tempting to assume that all research available is done by qualified individuals hence is up to standard, some of them require critical analysis to ascertain their validity.

The incidence of pregnancy among girls aged 12 or younger is minuscule. However adolescence is a time of rapid change, sexual activity is more common among older teens, including one-third (33%) of those aged 16, nearly half are sexually active, (48%) of those aged 17, 61% to, 71% are 18- and 19-year-old, respectively.”

It is normal for a person to feel low and sad. However, when such feelings do not go away and start interfering with the affected person’s life, work and functioning, it is said that he is suffering from depression. Very often depression is ignored; however, it is a serious illness that needs a cure and the affected person is required to seek help as soon as he can.

People that do not watch their diet are at higher risks of developing breast cancer than people that are keen on their diet. Cancer can be prevented by taking healthy diet and constantly using foods that repel cancer cells. With a constant intake of such foods, it creates a scenario where the cancer cells struggle to survive in the body.

The main problem is that many people fail to commit to healthy eating because it is not an easy thing to sustain. It requires discipline and sacrifice to garner the benefits completely. For a college student, adopting good eating habits is especially necessary because of the indulgence that one is frequently tempted by in their youth.   

The infection becomes more serious at this point when the CD4+ T cells get diminished and lose their efficiency in fighting against the antigens which could potentially be detected and killed. It is this lack of full antigen cover against immunity that results in the patient contracting Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).  

This protection of one’s confidential medical reports was declared in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) under the Privacy, Security and Breach Notification Rules. This rule safeguards the protection of the individual’s health information by setting out conditions and limitations of disclosures that might be made of such information.

Malaria is a life-threatening disease because mostly it causes blockage of blood flow to vital organs in the body. According to, about half of the world’s population is at risk of contracting malaria, while in 2010 about 219 million cases of the disease were reported and an estimated 660,000 deaths were also recorded.

Some of the things to be performed by a healthcare practice to increase its financial success include, although are not limited to the following: introducing a written credit policy; discussing payment and practice policies in advance with the patients; billing promptly; planning an action for bills more than 30 days old; calling or sending letters, etc.

White phosphorus has often been used in war zones during the late twentieth century and even in the 21st century Middle East. Consequentially, medical practitioners, military professionals, and strategic policymakers appear to be the major stakeholders apart from the persons suffering from direct P4 poisoning.

Chronic diseases like chronic kidney disease (CKD) have reached alarming proportions, thereby becoming a public health concern. In the USA, the study conducted by the National Health and Nutrition Survey has shown that between the period of 1994 and 2004, there has been a 16% increase in CKD (Hawkins et al, 2011).

With medically proven infertility, the desire to have biological children remains farfetched and surrogacy provides an avenue where childless couples can have children biologically related to them. In some instances, surrogacy becomes an option where one partner in a marriage has a genetic defect that the parents want to avoid passing on to their offspring.

This has been done through the use of two sociological perspectives that are essential in explaining the causes and effects of suffering from the disease within a population. It additionally provides a brief literature review addressing the sociologist’s view of the disease and a conclusion describing the current situation of the disease.

Obesity is a big social problem among children not only in America, but also in all over the world. Obesity related problems may cause physical as well as psychological diseases among children. Obese children often experience harassments, teasing, bullying etc.

This study aims to identify various informative materials, preferably peer-reviewed journals, about mobile diabetes management in the United Kingdom and the Gulf Countries. It reviews the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of the new system of preventing complications usually possible for people with diabetes.

Interventions seek to delay the onset period of the disease by reduction of risks. The achievement is by altering the diet habits of individuals and exercise. Individuals should ensure that they take foods that contain low levels of cholesterol, fats and oils. Individuals should also avoid the consumption of excessive carbohydrates.

For example, on average, a child is 22 times more likely to get the measles and six times more likely to contract a disease such as whooping cough without being vaccinated1. All 50 states require vaccinations for children entering public school, though there are still exemptions allowed

In 1900,coronary heart disease was believed to have caused 27,000 deaths.These numbers increased progressively to peak at a rate of 770,000 deaths in 1985.Since then, due to sustained campaigns by various association in increasing awareness of various health lifestyle habits,deaths due to coronary heart disease has reduced to 446,000 in 2005.

The chief source of funding for acute inpatients is private insurers and Department of Veteran’s Affairs. Together they pay for close to 90% of all inpatients and their mode of payment is based according to Diagnosis related groups.

The patients care has become complex as their expectations rise each day, yet the resources keep getting scarce. This makes it hard for hospitals to use traditional approaches in the definition, organizing and employing qualified healthcare providers since such traditional quality assurance functions are not in any way adequate.

As per the economic theories, price elasticity of demand (quantity of food demanded with change in price) increases with reduction in the prices. Further, there can be a change in the consumption of other foods based upon the price change of given food. For example, it can be examined that there can be changes in the consumption of milk and health drinks, with changes in the price of soft drinks.

Vaccines are dead disease bacteria, dead viruses, live attenuated viruses, and toxoids that are injected into the body of a person or animal (Gardner, 1982). These are also known as antigens. Antigens trigger the body to produce antibodies (Kirch, 2008).

Diet restriction would also help them avoid cardiovascular problems. Protein requirements are found to be higher in patients with end-stage renal disease. This is because of the losses that happen in the process of dialysis. There is a recommended level of dietary protein intake for renal patients. This intake is based on their body weight.

In the United States, around 25.8 million people are identified to have diabetes, out of these, about 7.0 million belong to the criteria of the undiagnosed population for diabetes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that approximately 1.9 million new cases of diabetes among people ages 20 years old.

Raynaud’s disease (primary Raynaud’s phenomenon) is the disease sequence of alterations in the peripheral arteries that are triggered by stimuli like cold and emotional extremes. The initial reduction in blood flow due to the spasm makes the digits turn pale; the digits then become cyanotic due to the stasis of deoxygenated blood.

“The problem with fast foods in America is that Americans tend to be people who get extreme--they either like something and want it all the time or they don't like something at all and never want any of it” (Fast Food And Health Problem, n. d). Another reason for the increased popularity of fast food is the cheaper price.

U.S. Medical Care System What has been observed is that health care services may either be suitable and of high quality, highly priced or affordable. According to different studies and changing trends in medical health care services, the treatments and diagnosis have greatly improved over the years.

The Million Veteran Genetic Program (MVP) is a Veterans Affairs research program that intends to advance genomics’ sophisticated science; it seeks to learn more about genes and how they affect the health of persons with the aim of transforming Veterans and consequently all Americans’ health care (Roudebush, 2011).

He also represented a case where rapid treatment was needed to relieve his symptoms, robust counselling methods were required to prevent future exacerbations, and his symptoms stayed abated. Current evidence regarding an emergency nurse practitioner’s role in cases such as these is discussed below.

A Cohort Study Critique Abstract The incidence of cancer is believed to be higher in HIV-infected persons in comparison with the general population; hence, a group of investigators conducted a study to determine whether such premise is true in lieu of a variety of factors.

Many benefits arise from the application of technology in recording and storing patient information, but the rate of adoption is still low. A 2008 survey carried out in U.S. hospitals indicated that less than 10% of hospitals had incorporated a fully functional EMR. Half of them had either already incorporated Health Information Technology.

Practitioners in Delivering Population Health Outcomes. Health is an important aspect of life. A person can be considered healthy only when he is fit both physically and mentally. Healthy living is a basic need of an individual. Hence the Public Health Systems are introduced. These can be government or private institutions.

According to the report, Addressing Spiritual Needs, addressing spiritual needs is one of the essential roles of the health care providers in delivering a holistic care. Spiritual needs vary among patients of all ages or race, as well as nurses, as ones spiritual beliefs, values, and practices may not be in congruence with one another. 

A diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease is devastating for the patient and their family. It means their mental faculties are in decline and that they are dying. The person they have become is slowly transitioning into a functioning body but with no memory. Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder caused by genetic history and/or lifestyle choices.

The malfunction is a complex syndrome as apparent in the inability of the heart to push blood around the body (Krum and Gilbert 147). This is a severe case of illness since the body is dependent on the heart’s pumping capacity to replenish its cells with oxygen. In heart failure, both ventricles are damaged and their muscles weaken and, therefore, cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s requirement.

According to the information on Mayo Clinic’s official website, the medical practice and research group focuses on the provision of tertiary care. This implies that the institution mainly specializes in treatment of complex cases. The clinic is known for its innovative and effective treatments that are based on integrated care.

A public awareness campaign to promote healthy nutritional behaviours and discourage drug abuse is an example of a social-ecological model-based intervention program that can further improve the sample’s quality of life. The program would involve enlightening individuals on the benefits of proper nutrition and ways of overcoming pressure to drug abuse.

This research involved qualitative analysis of studies related to infection prevention and control in healthcare across Britain. The research involved using the search words “infection control in Britain healthcare facilities” from a cross-reference site with databases such as Jastor, Science Direct among others.