Health Sciences & Medicine Essays

Cohort studies are types of observational ones. In case-control studies, the subjects are selected on the basis of their disease status and are divided into two groups based on whether they have the disease or are disease free, i.e. cases and controls, respectively. They are then examined for the presence or absence of a certain risk factor.  

In that simple and non-living state, viruses take the description of 'visions'. The virions continue in such dormant states for an extended period while patiently waiting to make contact with relevant hosts. Even as the virion makes contact with appropriate hosts, they become more active and take the term ‘viruses’.

Over the recent past, the issue of abortion has attracted a lot of attention as both an ethic and a legal issue. There are some arguments. In the US for example, laws established in 1973 by the supreme court denied all the states the authority to implement laws aimed at prohibiting abortion in periods preceding the third trimester.

The numerous conflicts are the reason behind CAR’s rapid economic deterioration. Children born in CAR normally experience many difficulties while growing up. For instance, apart from most of them losing their parents who die while giving birth or due to diseases such as HIV/ AIDS, most of them are abducted at a much young age to fight as rebels.

The author states that the active relationship between the ACTH and the immune cells is proved by using an example of a variety of studies that refer to the specific issue. More specifically, six relevant studies have been chosen by the medical literature in order to support the existence of such a relationship (between the ACTH and the immune system). 

The paper focuses on the health care system and objectives and provides concrete examples of the health care systems of three countries: the UK, the US, and Saudi Arabia.  It looks at challenges and issues in health care systems and summarises the answers. An economic system defines how transactions are carried out to exchange resources in a society.

According to the World Health Organization, stroke is a condition that occurs due to the interruption of the supply of blood to the brain. It usually occurs as a result of blood vessels bursting or blocking by a clot. It can be termed as a cerebral vascular disorder as it affects the brain and the blood vessels.

Lawrence's father was an unschooled coal miner while his mother was a refined schoolteacher.  She was determined to lift her children from their father’s working-class status to a higher one and she succeeded.  The unhappy union of Lawrence’ s parents and his mother’s strong emotional influence on her son later served as an inspiration.  

At a first level, Durkheim accepts that ‘society imposes limits on individual’s ambitions in terms of regulations (tax, the legal system, prison etc); when social regulations start to break down, the controlling influence of society (in terms of moral guidance) on individuals is no longer effective and individuals are left to their own devices’.   

The author states that as all the food that is consumed is biological and not synthetic, they are always susceptible to get spoilt.  A primary cause for much of food spoilage is due to microbes.  Not all microbes have a negative effect on the food that they act upon. Microbes acting on milk and butter can produce yogurt and cheese respectively.  

The author states that lymphocytes are not much recruited in cell injury. They mainly have a role in the immune response to antigens. They arrive at the site of injury shortly after neutrophils but persist for days or longer. They release cytokines and chemoattractants mainly interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-a, interferon-a.

The author states that the patient has a history of hospitalization for schizophrenia and has been hospitalized five times earlier, but states that he has not been hospitalized for the last seven years. He has also stopped taking his medication. The imminent issue that must be dealt with in the current stress the client states he is feeling.

The author states that a patient that relies on an herbal treatment may be taking an ineffective supplement and may postpone or delay medical attention while the ailment gets more severe. Consumers may spend an unreasonable amount of money on an ineffective treatment when the cost could be better spent elsewhere. 

Even though 360 degrees turn of events, the benefit that everyone would receive is beneficial and lasting. Once these policies will be approved, massive information dissemination and education of the new technology on the part of the healthcare personnel and the patients must be done for the implementation of the new policy.

The author states that in non-clinical community-based adult populations, associations have been found between the syndrome of bulimia nervosa and alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, marijuana use, amphetamine use, and tranquilizer abuse. Particular eating disordered behaviors were differentially related to the use of various substance classes. 

The author states that the prevalence of smoking whilst pregnant varies markedly from country to country. In some countries, the prevalence rates suggest that peaking has occurred and the decline has set in. In other countries, the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy continues to climb, with concern that this increase is more in younger women. 

The author states that the effects of methamphetamine could last up to twelve hours. The administration of methamphetamine produces a feeling of euphoria and excess energy in the individual. Making crystalline methamphetamine is easy, as the required ingredients are easily available as over the counter products in the form of ephedrine.

In the U.S there are critical legal differences that exist between medical Marijuana at the state and federal levels. At the national level, the drug can be said to be illegal per se, this is because it is made illegal by the realization of the proscribed substances Act (Morgan, 2011). Cannabis at the moment remains unlawful all through the U.S and is not approved for prescription as medicine.

In this case, Mr. Paul is a dementia patient who deserves much attention and care from people around him and his loved ones. The isolation and the humiliation part of what happened to him worsened his state in that the banging of the wall could cause his death since him weak and old. People around him breeched the quality standard of protection for god faith.

Researchers have set out operations to investigate the possible negative impacts of soft drinks in society and the way that they can be prevented. The results of the research have provided different ideas concerning the healthiness of these drinks not only for human beings but also for the environment.

The author states that Multiple Sclerosis may take different forms but all disrupt nerve function causing symptoms ranging from mild numbness and walking difficulties to paralysis and blindness. It occurs due to an immune-system attack against myelin, a white, fatty coat around nerve fibers that provides insulation.

The paper discusses the Collaborative Approach to IPP wherein different conditions where the collaborative efforts can produce better results are discussed. Service User Involvement in IPP is another important issue. The support and care become more effective when the support is coming from the service user also. 

The author states that people will often turn to the internet or to newspaper articles as their major source of news.  They use these venues also to gather important information and advice regarding significant decisions in their lives.  Unfortunately, many of these articles, due to lack of space, sources used the position of the author.

As the debate rages on between the two main antagonists, the pro-lifers and the pro-choicers to be precise, each side going to greater lengths to influence public opinion for support, the fact of the matter is that the pro, as well as the opposing arguments in both ends, are laced with extremities that has more than confused the consuming public and that the views in frequent polls represent neither of the divides.

The author states that the estimated prevalence of galactosemia is 1 in 40-50000. The gene encoding for GALT is located on chromosome 9p13. This deficiency of GALT causes an accumulation of galactose-1-phosphate in tissues and erythrocytes.  Galactosemia can be in the form of an acute fulminating disorder.

Reforms in the healthcare regimes are something that will benefit the whole of humanity and not a particular entity or set of people for that matter. It will take care of the generation to come after us as well as take into consideration the people who are existent and very much alive in the present times.

The research on the effects of alcohol on infants and children as it relates to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is certainly a surprise for me. While I knew that alcohol has a very negative effect, I was not completely aware of the full extent of the possible risks that a child might face if the mother consumed alcohol during pregnancy

Psychological stress can never be totally eliminated. Most emergency personnel function on autopilot during an incident. Stress reactions can be reduced if the personnel is educated appropriately, trained well and properly equipped to perform at the maximum level. This is the responsibility of the management. 

The researchers predict that the Australian health sector will continue to confront the problems of an aging population, growing costs of health care services, and increasing the severity of risk factors. The paper is accurate, reliable, and valid because the researchers use a mixed-method in order to identify how efficient are administrative areas in addressing health care demands. 

At the initial stages of the Kruger National Park study, before the anthelmintic treatment was administered, the herd did not differ in their possibility of being infected with worms nor did it in the number of worm eggs they shed in feces. The probability of worm infection and egg count were correlated to when the drug was last administered 

The author states that in practical terms, Interprofessional working may be described as a process that places the patient/service user at the center of the activity, where individual contributions of the care team are collaborative in nature and where roles and functions may overlap in order to provide the best possible care for the individual.

At present, several types of body-worn battery-powered devices for DAF are commercially available. Such devices include SpeechEasy, Fluency Master and Casa Futura’s Pocket Speech Lab and Basic Fluency System. This essay is a critical review of Delayed auditory feedback as a means of managing speech disfluencies.   

The author of the paper states that the initial forms of glaucoma like aniridia are passed on as autosomal recessive or dominant characteristics, while, the adult glaucoma forms like low tension glaucoma are passed on as intricate traits. Three genes have been identified and linked with glaucoma.

The process by which red blood cells are produced is called erythropoiesis. Erythrocytes are continuously being produced in the red bone marrow of large bones. Erythrocytes develop in about 7 days and live a total of about 120 days. The aging cells swell up to a sphere-like shape and are engulfed by phagocytes, destroyed and their materials are released into the blood.

The nurse may have certain pressures put on him to decide the matter for the patient and family, even though such a decision would be completely inappropriate. Again, counseling of both patient and family in the fact that some decisions, however hard, must eventually be made, will be the best process of palliative care (Woods, 2000).

Gastrostomy involves the surgical insertion of a tube directly into the stomach through an opening in the abdominal wall, in order to bypass gastrointestinal dysfunction and oral-motor dysfunction.  This is required when conventional modes of treatment have failed to rectify severe, chronic oral feeding problems.

The following sections give a detailed literature survey, followed by a discussion on the selection and relevance of the chosen methodology. Implementation of the methodology, through analysis of the data, collected followed by an assessment is made of the effectiveness or otherwise of the different quality initiatives undertaken by the NHS.

When did humans begin to cook food? Many anthropologists believe that humans began cooking food as long ago as 250,000 to 500,000 years, but Wrangham (2003) and a few of his colleagues believe it started as long ago as 2 million years. That was the time when human beings became more like humans and less like apes.  

The project aims at inventing measures that promote the provision of healthcare services to the public by minimizing barriers. In its evaluation, the project seeks to address the causal factors to the limiting factor which in this case is lack of communication owing to language barriers, what effects they might have on the provision of health services.

The author states that children start having trouble in focusing and concentrating, and become hyperactive. Most of the kids are energetic and hyper at this age but the difference in ADHD is that it lasts for a longer period of time and it can be diagnosed after at least six months of continued symptoms.

The author states that it has also been noted with a passion that disabled athletes need to be trained with specialist coaches for proper segregation between disabled and able-bodied sports participants. There is also a need to engage coaches who are trained and have relevant skills to work with disabled sports participants.

The author states that disabled people are equally important members of society and should in all cases be accorded the freedom and rights that people without disabilities get. In social work, the same principles should always apply. Involvement in social work should always be done in a way that even people with disabilities are involved.

The author states that multiple sclerosis is among the many neurological conditions that are often mysterious and frustrating, occurring as an autoimmune, inflammatory disease that damages the nerve cells’ insulating covers in the spinal cord and brain. It compromises the patients’ lives by impairing their cognitive, emotional and physical functioning. 

The author states that the increase in administrative cost has also added to the rising concern in the healthcare sector. Nevertheless, enhanced technology and efficient administrative supervision have also assured superior quality of the services in the sector, compatible with the international standards.

The author states that as a health care professional Quality Manager, this report has been focused on designing an appropriate system for monitoring the quality of service being delivered in the specified healthcare, identifying, assessing and managing the risks to health in the organization.

The author states that while certain forms of physical activity have been proven harmless and indeed helpful during pregnancy, many forms of exercise are too intense and physically demanding to be endorsed during pregnancy without posing a significant risk to the health of the mother and the baby.

Liposomal therapy is a type of treatment that involves using chemotherapy drugs that have been enclosed inside liposomes. These synthetic fat globules help the drug make its way into the cancer cells more selectively, with the benefit of decreasing possible side effects such as alopecia, nausea and vomiting.

The heart is profoundly depressed with bradycardia and decreased contractility causing low stroke volume and cardiac output. These changes are caused by decreased production of myocyte contractile proteins and enzymes, including NA+/K+ ATPase, because of low levels of gene transcription in the absence of T3.

A herniated disc, pinched nerve and bulging disc are all terms used to describe spinal disc pathology and its associated pain. There is little agreement between health care professionals field as to the exact definition of these terms. Too often, the patient hears their diagnosis referred to in different terms, which leads to confusion regarding the proper treatment options.

The author states that as a way of analyzing and explaining the patient’s thoughts, behavior and perception about the illness, the nurse will critically apply the theories related to human development and social and cognitive psychology on the health condition of her patient. The student nurse will discuss the recommended health promotion strategies.