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Political representation comes about when political actors speak, support, represent and act on behalf of people in the political field. Simply put, political representation is a form of political aid. Rehfeld's, 2005 theory of representation argues that political representation is just having a relevant audience accepting a person as their representative in the political sphere.
The electoral system of proportional representation is widely used because it ensures that virtually all constituencies within the country access to the hearing in the national as well as provisional legislatures. In countries that pride themselves as being democratic, it means that the average voter could not be represented through the candidate the voter specifically wanted.
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Right from defining globalization, some authors (Dicken 5; Faulconbridge and Beaverstock 331) observe that globalization raises more questions than answers especially because most of the simplistic definitions of the term do not capture elements such as the intensity, velocity, extensity, and impact of the social and economic relations that occur from globalization.
Nationalism is described as the optimistic ideas that the citizens of a state hold when they express concern for their nation (Joan 2007). This definition is concerned with national pride, love for one’s country, and the willingness of the individual to do anything within their capacity to achieve their vision for the country.
According to the founding fathers of implementation Pressman and Wildavsky (1984) public policy implementation is a process of interaction between the establishment of goals and the action that is geared towards achieving the set goals. Pressman and Wildavsky (1973) gave the definition of policy implementation on grounds that policy is usually laid down in official documents.
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In the early 1980s, the country slightly improved export and reduced the rate of inflation via the decrease of real wages and subsidies of agriculture products. It also liberalized the trade policies and the financial market was deregulated. This was done in accordance with the signed agreement and the promise it had made to IFIs.
The British people began slowly to yield to the concept that the Commonwealth no longer belonged to them. Thus, the political elite became less resistant to an effectual distancing from the Commonwealth. Moreover, the United States after undermined it by intervening in the Suez crisis where it sided with the Egyptian government.
Various authors have defined the term of Europeanization differently; I will look at the various definitions. Europeanization means exporting forms of political organization. The policy changes have the aim of creating uniformity in the structures that govern member countries so as to allow them to share common ground on issues.
Power is a fundamental component of our work as activists and organizers. In circumstances where individuals are dealing with elected officials, corporate executives, landlords, or school boards, they are dealing with matters of power (Dahl 201-205). The concept of power has proven to be very difficult to describe as it has multiple sources.
India is one of the countries that have strong ties with the US. Nevertheless, it faces various terror activities that have negatively affected its stability. The main terror groups operating in India are the CPI-Maoist insurgency and the Islamist terror group. These groups pose a huge obstacle in the realization of India’s national security objectives.
The second role played by the idea of the social contract in past political theories is that it affirms the fact that justice is an important part and parcel of free human existence. According to the past political theory postulated by Plato, justice can only be achieved only when proper structures and order prevail in society.
It is apparent that the United States Supreme Court is the highest court in the States. Over the federal and state courts, the Supreme Court has ultimate appellate jurisdiction. On the other hand, it has original jurisdiction on only a few cases. The membership of the court comprises of one chief justice and eight associate justices
It has been claimed that particular mass media, mostly the women’s magazines have for a long term been promoting alternative health products of no worth and consequently engaging in an effective conspiracy with this industry to defraud billions of dollars from the consumers every year (Fog, 2004, p. 2).
WTO was born after negotiations among the members, and this became the method to be used in their proceedings. Nothing can be passed in the organization without deep negotiations (Palast, 2004, 14). WTO is helpful to many countries because it is a trade liberalizing union hence in case of a country faces trade barriers and wants them lowered, it has to contact the WTO for assistance.
Australia’s ability to attain global influence has been seen to range from serious matters regarding the global change in climate to responses and participation in activities that are aimed at ending terrorism in the world. This way the nation exercises a sense of diplomacy aiming at making a better place for everyone and for every nation.
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The author outlines vividly in a crystal clear manner so as to avoid cases of repetition in that he points out the root cause of the issue at hand. Still, he goes at length to come up with ways that will make the prey aware of the forthcoming danger. This is seen whereby he points out that the prey should be in a position to read both subtle and open signs of a forthcoming animosity.
International organizations have gained increased legitimacy due to their wide membership and their increasing importance in providing effective solutions to problems that face more than one state. Major theories assert that international organizations are created in response to barriers of Pareto efficiency and welfare improvement among members (Barnett and Fennimore, 2004).
The first goal and objective of certain quarters of terror are to highlight their plight about the need for separation (Crenshaw, 1986, p. 391). These usually composed of groups of people who want to separate from existing entities through independence, political autonomy, or religious freedom or domination.
In Discovery of India, Jawaharlal Nehru wrote that life was precious and had to be lived to the fullest, without fear of a past full of economic exploitation and colonialism. This is one of the thoughts that motivated almost all his ambitions to ensure that India was free from any form of colonialism.
The notion of a political system can be perceived as an analytic tool that is specifically designed for the major purpose of promoting democracy. The criteria adopted by a state in terms of voting procedures can influence the system of governance. The simple majority voting system is a democratic voting system that is commonly used to choose by ballot legislative members.
We continue to fight, kill, and destroy—so much so that our aggression threatens to annihilate us. It is not clear whether we will survive our own "advanced" weapons. As the world is brought closer to the realization of a global village, we must apply ourselves more diligently and sincerely to improving intergroup relations and conflict resolution.
Secondly, in the event that a population of a country is subjected to serious harm, whether as a consequence of internal conflict, state failure, or insurgency, and the affected state is unable or unwilling to avert or halt it, the responsibility to protect may be assumed by the international community. The responsibility to protect is a composite of three precise responsibilities.
The elements to be discussed will be government control, the taxation system in both China and the United States of America, and the political stability before finalizing on the type of business that would be strategically preferred and among the two countries which is the most preferred one to invest in.
The paper discusses the incident in relation to the political and national implications of the event. The follow-ups were all well managed and there was an understanding of the instructions as discussed in the International Journal of Emergency Management. I have also made an analytical inspection over the statutory services during such an emergency.
One of the major forms of decentralization in the 20th century has been the break up of empires and colonies into nation-states, the recent example being the break up of the Soviet Union and the separation of Kosovo from Serbia. The pressure for pursuing and adopting democracy as a political ideology and system has led to a new emphasis on local governance below the level of the nation-state.
The first section explains local media’s role in political campaigning, the extensive power that they wield in influencing public opinion, and their love-hate relationship with politicians. The second section underscores the importance of editorial leadership in the quality of local media reportage and the ethical practice of journalism.
The significant and unique outstanding observation about china is the broad and extended cultural history. The Chinese people rank as one of the societies that have long cultural ties. The governance history of a country influences its current trends. The governance system of a country in terms of influence can be analyzed in the context of social, technological, and economic change.
The results of this revolution include the review of the constitution in the three countries as one way of ensuring equity, justice, and good governance. Through good governance and proper management of state resources, young people will get jobs, and people be allowed to vote for the leadership they want.
The government of Australia also created public settings with the help of community social workers in a number of communities whereby the members of the communities were able to identify their pressing issues. They also provided the resources that the community members used to achieve their goals for instance offering education and training.
The collapse of the Soviet Union transformed the bipolar international relations system into the United States-dominated unipolar system. During the mid-1990s, foreign policy experts embarked on numerous debates about whether America’s hegemony could be sustained over the long term or it was momentary.
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From the analysis, it is clear that socialism arouses various critical issues pertaining to the functioning of contemporary society. Saudia Arabia’s case as highlighted by the analysis represents ideologies and political movements whose aims are to establish a socio-economic structure where wealth distribution and service provision are under communal control.
Terrorist activities across the globe are a matter of international concern. This is especially the case when terrorists acquire nuclear technology that has the capacity to cause massive destruction in the world. In tackling the issue of international terrorism, states have had to come together and take collective action.
Colonialism left some positive impacts on territories that were under its influence. For example, he adds, the British created a flawless irrigation system in India, which is still the lifeline for farmers in the country. That around 44,000 miles of distributaries and canals irrigated around a quarter of crop area in India by the 1890s was by no means a small feat to accomplish.
The name “Turkey” was used by historians in the Ottoman Empire (1300-1922) prior to the formation of the current Republic of Turkey in 1923. This republic occupies a smaller area when compared with the Turkey of the Ottoman era. This new republic came into being after the national liberation war(1919-22) in ruins in minor Asia (Anatolia).
The ruling parties in some countries are Christian democratic. However, their power remains within the constitution of their country. The issues they champion root from the Christian ideology their party is founded on. Researchers speculate the loss in power of Christian democracies, especially on the European continent.
Soft power is in international relations used with reference to the ability by one state to exert one’s influence on others so that they may follow its lead or conform to what they want through co-option or diplomacy. Hard power on its part suggests the use of economic and military means in influencing the interests or behavior of others.
The outlets can influence voter turnout and voting behavior through the particular stories that they cover. A wider cross-section of American voters only watch TV channels or listen to radio stations that align with certain political causes. This leaves people to be close-minded about other political issues and beliefs.
Globalization is a collective term for a multifaceted series of social, economic, technological, and political transformations viewed as increasingly interdependence and relation between companies and people in different locations. In layman’s language, globalization has been described as the world becoming a global village.
As states decide to go into wars, they conduct themselves in certain ways, and more often than not, these behaviors characterize their foreign policies. This forms the basis of this formal report that seeks to explicitly discuss the quote on foreign policy behavior in relation to why states decide to go to war
The author indicates that there are 2 causal paths to war which are theoretically delineated as distinctive of a pattern related with the beginning of world war with one path centering on the utilization of power politics to settle territorial disputes and the second path which makes the first interstate war expand to encompass more and more actors
Maintaining human rights should be accorded less importance or focus, based on the difficulties that arise in the fulfillment of human rights. Mertus, (2009) highlights that one of the fundamental difficulties that are associated with the implementation of human rights is that it is applicable to each individual and culture in a different way.
Elections have been the way through which democracy has been executed since the 17th century. Different offices of governance are filled by way of elections. These offices include the legislature, local government, the executive, regional government, and the judiciary. However, these vary in different countries as per the provisions of conducting elections stipulated in the constitution.
In his definition, all the issues that hinder development for any nation are addressed, for this reason, the rubric, building a “harmonious society” turned into building a harmonious world and it was later employed by all states that wished to attain economic, political, social, cultural and environmental stability (Bank of China International, 2008).
Terrorism has been on the rise as well as sabotage and hostage-taking in the Russian cities. A third Chechen war is looming as the tactics devised are reaching new levels of intensity. This feeds into increased hostility and insecurity in the entire region with hundreds of civilian lives in jeopardy.
Japan is an independent state located in the Pacific Ocean, East of Asia. It has a population of 127 million people and covers an area of 377,835 sq. km. The inhabitants of Japan are called the Japanese and the most dominant religions practiced here are Buddhism, Shinto, and Christianity. 99 percent of the Japanese are literate. Other interesting facts include having a $ 34,300 per Capita GDP.
Canada should also capitalize on its international reputation for human rights and freedoms by initiating a coalition of like-minded nations to collectively call for bringing the Iranian President and the Supreme Leader before the International Criminal Court on charges for the Direct and Public Incitement to Commit Genocide.
Overall, a number of people felt that Thatcher’s political ideologies made Britain be economically viable once more, as a result raising its status globally. Others are of the opinion that her ideologies made Britain meaner, and therefore a less tolerant place where money-making was viewed as more significant than anything else.
My policy package has been designed with much emphasis on safeguarding the economic revival and utilizing the set environment in the multipolar world. The implementation of this policy package is short term with respect to technological advancement to promote efficient competitiveness in the regional and international realm.
Iran’s nuclear program lasted from the 1950s until 1979 when the Shah of Iran was toppled during the Iranian Revolution (Dahl, 2011). The program was disbanded temporarily after the revolution but it was revived again. However, when the program was revived, Iran did not seek assistance from European governments or the United States.