Philosophy Essays

The issue of human fulfillment is a paradigm that has never really been understood to its fullest since man has learnt to think. Over the millennia, thinkers and philosophers of every time have attempted to answer this question, and despite the magnificent attempts at its answer, no final word is available to mankind.

From the very beginning man understood that he played a miserable role in the world around him, that he was helpless in front of nature powers. It's a well known fact that a person is afraid of unknown, so were the ancient people. The belief in fate, in predestination and in powers of magic dominated the minds of ancient people, as the primary culture didn't have enough knowledge and experience to explain the nature of universe.

The responsibility for these two subversions of the holy can be narrowed down and fixed on two powerful personalities, Adolf Hitler and Osama bin Laden. But what motivated these two to such actions'Hitler firmly subscribed to the belief that the Germans were of Nordic/Aryan origin, and were a superior race

It is this amorphousness which gives the ideas an ability to be interpreted in more than one way. Nietzsche's genealogy is no different and fully embodies the multi-interpretation ability. The great writer's work in which genealogy is fully explored is "Genealogy of Morals".

In simpler terms he tries to differentiate between Realism and Idealism. One of his unforgettable works was "Die Zeit des eltbildes." concerning technology which was then translated as "The Age of the World Picture" by William Lovitt which deals with the impact of Technology on being.

Since all Greeks were not created equal (i.e., as in the case of slaves), democracy would have created an unfair playing ground as opposed to the oligarchy that already characterized Greek politics and the Greek state. Assuming one now knows what democracy meant in Plato's time, let us critique his assertions.

An ideology is something we cannot touch nor taste, yet gives life sensation and flavor. People find stability and support in having something to believe in. The need for direction and assurance perpetrates the flourishing of ideologies towards the betterment of society.

This imperative constituent of knowledge, i.e. the ways and manner in which true belief s can be plausibly converted to 'justifications,' is what epistemology is all about. Foundationalism is a view, a perception that is founded on theory stated above, on how the structures of justification or knowledge is to be developed.

Wht is surprising is tht in much of the twentieth-century philosophers of mind nd psychologists tended to neglect them--perhps becuse the sheer vriety of phenomen covered by the word "emotion" nd its closest neighbors tends to discourge tidy theory. In recent yers, however, emotions hve once gin become the focus of vigorous interest in philosophy, s well s in other brnches of cognitive science.

Hegel maintained that true understanding can only be attained if one has a comprehension of ‘The Absolute’, and for Hegel the whole of human history and intellect constitutes a progressive self-realization of this Absolute spirit that takes place through ‘dialectic.’

Cartesian dualism focuses on two opposites being able to exist at the same time in space, but coexist peacefully together. This idea does not make a lot of logical sense at first glance, nevertheless, this was Descartes's legacy. Cartesian dualism exists in the sense that, like the great thinkers Plato and Aristotle who had gone before, he agreed that there should be some uniformity as to how the universe was regulated.

Although one might argue that some elements of these theoretical concepts are obsolete, I attempt to link some of the elements to contemporary politics. I start with the political theory that Hobbes has written in 1651 in his masterpiece Leviathan in which I identify three basic assumptions that Hobbes uses for his political theory.

The main branches of Philosophy are: Metaphysics, which deals with reality, Epistemology, which deals with knowledge, Ethics, which considers moral values, Politics, which accounts for legal rights and governments, and Aesthetics, which looks in to nature of art.

Opponents of the principle declare that utilitarians do not acknowledge the rights of individuals or put forth ideologies that could safeguard the rights of the minority as the aforementioned principles centre mainly on the promotion of the happiness of the 'greatest number.' In determining if the criticisms hurled against the principles of utility are valid, it is essential to examine the concept of utilitarianism and determine if it is incompatible with the existing human rights legislations or the application of these laws.

Positive freedom-based theories point out a very obvious weakness of this position; namely, that one of the activities that most often limits the freedom of some individuals is the expression of freedom in others and as well as within themselves. This is a problem for political theorists because while it seems relatively straightforward to argue in favor of limiting political power in the name of liberty, it is not at all straightforward how to limit individual liberties in the name of, well, individual liberties.

Firstly with regards to the possibility of moral expertise it has been argued that whether or not moral experts do exist, there is a problem of identifying such people because of the obvious problem of "credentials". For example , when a person claims to be able to give moral judgements ,it is very difficult to tell whether or not they should be classified as experts as academic opinion has pointed out the complexity pertaining to such a decision as,

No doubt Rousseau's ideal of a self-sovereign people along with the conception of democratic control over social life, informed the moral and political vision of nineteenth and twentieth century democratic mass movements, as well as non-democratic variants thereof.

Thus Kant ventures into a study that tries to supply the principles of moral action as such, or tries to supply the principles for "rational beings in general," which we can interpret in this context as moral subjects. One can found the same tension in Kant's ethical writings.

In such situations small variations in behavior can have dramatic consequences, both positive and negative. A contextual theory suggests that situations which induce stress for an individual diverts their attention resources and so inhibits optimum cognitive functioning.

Interest in education is more highly concentrated in a special group. Thousands of teachers and thousands of others preparing for the teaching profession constitute this group, and for them a more important interest arises. They must ask themselves not only questions such as those listed, but also many others specific to their profession.

However, Locke, Rousseau and Kant changed our political perspectives, our understanding of the rights and duties of citizens and states and emphasized man’s right and responsibility to take political action, even revolution, when needed.

Writing and Difference wa' fir't publi'hed in 1967, and it contain' collection of e''ay' written by thi' author from 1959 to 1966. Thi' book ha' molded the contemporary French thought and hailed a' the landmark a' for the i''ue' it deal' with. Decon'tructioni'm i' the 'trategy of analy'i', mo't importantly applied to literature, philo'ophy and lingui'tic'.

Hegel's dialectical philosophy was the ultimate expression of German Idealism, which was prevalent throughout his lifetime and was connected both to Romanticism and political revolution. Arguably the most politically and economically impacting philosopher to follow after Hegel, Karl Marx in the 1840s "reproached Hegel for having absolutized into an ideal state the Prussian state" of his era.

Plato was dedicating his writings to someone he had great respect for. His later works do not always feature Socrates though often this was the case. In analyzing Plato's theory of knowledge it is necessary to talk about the myth of the platonic cave.

He explained that when all men lived without a strong power, they was in the state of war, and "such a war as is of every man against every man" (Hobbes, Chapter XIII). Hobbes therefore supposed that a general inclination of all mankind, a perpetual and restless desire of power after power.