Philosophy Essays

Where Kant perceives morality as existing before experience, Mill denies morality is in any way universal. Mill argues that any number of systems of morality could be viable before proposing one that he thinks would be most beneficial to society. In this paper, I will introduce the logic behind Kant’s universal morality.

Abortion and Virtue Abstract This paper evaluates the controversial issue of abortion basing its arguments on virtue ethics. The paper does not overly concentrate on whether abortion is right or wrong; nevertheless, it draws heavily on the moral dimensions of the procedure and its overall effect on the morality of persons.

This paper seeks to discuss two examples of ethical theories, deontologism and utilitarianism. The paper will explore the two theories, discuss their associated problems, and offer a view on the topic. Utilitarianism Views Utilitarianism theory is based on the fundamental doctrine of fairness in a society.

These three fronts summarize some areas of concern in philosophy such as ethical theory, socio-political philosophy moral psychology and the metaphysics of personhood. Janus: Two Sides of the Coin. When examining assisted suicide the most vulnerable parties are physicians.

Immanuel Kant’s objections to the ontological argument in the “Critique of Pure Reason”, published in 1781, played an integral role in changing of thinking and philosophy. He was fascinated with the skeptical drawings that ensued from Hume’s premises.

Hidden Time Capsule from both the Renaissance and the Age of Baroque. The Baroque period’s artistic styles utilized motions that were exaggerated and clear though with ease of interpreting their details for the purposes of producing tension, drama, paintings, architecture, dance, music, literature and grandeurs in sculpture.

For instance, I wondered how ethical it was for people to ship off elderly members of their families to homes where they would be separated from their loved ones. In addition, I wondered did the residents deal with this since to me have always looked like betrayal.

The issue of capital punishment has evoked both controversies and heated debates for ages. While the abolitionists and the advocates of death penalty pose opposing arguments on the issue it is a fact that capital punishments were prevalent at one stage in many nations and later many of them constitutionally abolished the death penalty from the criminal justice system of the nation.

Eliot could be categorized as a classicist, as he emphasizes the value of upholding tradition. He believes that the true significance of tradition in the present literary work is not given its due importance. By tradition, Eliot underscored a sense of historical timelessness and a fusion of past and present that was inescapable (Cianci & Harding, 2007, p.16).

The book offers a new ways of exploring nature, which Bacon calls interpretation of nature. Bacon argues that it is important to use the mind better in order to understand nature. The interpretation of nature is based on induction system of logic since it involves investigating nature by starting with known fact and moving towards general axioms or prepositions.

He focuses more on consequences which he may face should he behave in a given way to a particular individual. His moral actions seem to be determined by the loss that he may incur in the process. For instance, in his response to the moral question of assisting the co-workers with money to sin, he seems to contradict his moral position.

Name: Instructor: Course: Tutor: Date: Berkeley's Perception Theory Berkeley’s theoretical concept on immaterialism remains under scrutiny years after he conceived it. The famous philosopher put forth the claim that he sought to preserve common sense against cynical challenges.

This is the same way that love, and hate are perceived to be as a contributing aspect of the state of hate crimes, where people hate what they have an aversion, the same way they love the things they desire. This then translates to the intricate balance of the presence and absence of the two aspects of affiliation to an object or opinion. About this, aversion refers to the state of being repelled by the object that one hates.

Assisted Migration is a modern concept of plant and animal preservation, which seeks to shift the species of organisms from their present habitats to others that are more favorable. The traditional environmental preservation concept sought to preserve the environmental conditions, and thus make them more suitable and habitable for the plant and animal species.

The leaders that rule the people ought to limit their power by assigning some immunities to the governed which can be appropriately called as political liberties or rights. This would safeguard against the tyranny of the leader and part of this political liberties or rights is the right to rebel when such political liberties or rights in suppressed, curtailed or infringed.

Clay roof tiles have cultural and aesthetic significance in other cultures and are typically shown in Eastern cultures. The use of clay tiles was seen with a spiritual and religious significance, invoking the gods to bring good fortune and prosperity to the community and its people. The clay roof tiles were also seen with artistic significance.

Christian Sommers is definitely persuasive and an anti-feminist as she has argued that average women aspire nothing like a feminist. The author is right in her argument as social institutions are the foundation of a society. She is arguing for the liberation of women in a liberal way and she intends to protect families and societies.

We may never know for certain whether Descartes's cause of death was due to natural causes or whether a plot by the Catholic Church, all the same, that does not alter his contributions to science and to the realm of philosophies. Much of Descartes's philosophies and principles are still considered valid and discussed today.

“In "Matrix," on the other hand, there aren't flesh-and-blood creatures behind the illusion--only a computer program that can think, and learn” In the same way, the Descartes also poses the question regarding the question as to the illusion of the existence of the world which is the theme in the Movie “Matrix”.

Erasmus sourced his ideas from Aristotle, Isocrates and Cicero's teachings. In “The Education of a Christian Prince", the Isocratic manner of setting himself apart from the potentially incompetent teachers, shows disdain against sophists. Erasmus stated Isocrates “was a sophist, instructing some petty King or rather a tyrant, and both were pagans.”

In his philosophies, he does not organize his ideas systematically and fails to define his terms too. Skepticism is a complicated epistemological position, which any philosopher or researcher can distinguish among its varieties through focusing on the strength and scope of themes.

Way back on November 25, 1929, another revolution was being made in American retail when Abraham & Straus of Brooklyn, Filene's of Boston, F&R Lazarus & Co. of Columbus, OH, and Bloomingdale's of New York combined to form Federated Department Stores, Inc. which was later renamed Macy's, Inc.

The dimensions of the frame should be decided while considering the size of the power source it has to accommodate. The options under consideration (the conversion kit, Honda GX 35, and the AC Motor) have different sizes so the selection of the frame should be made by the largest size.

His interpretation of the law was demonstrated in his own Law of Accelerating Returns. One of his important claims in this principle is that "a specific paradigm provides exponential growth until the method exhausts its potential," and that, "when this happens, a paradigm shift (i.e., a fundamental change in approach) occurs, which enables exponential growth to continue (Kurzweil 2001).

He points out that “revulsion” is not the basis of his argument as he points out that “repugnance” of the past is silently accepted in the present. He observes that disgust is not something that is emotional and hence he is not being emotional when he criticizes the cloning of the human embryos but it is a deep thought into the matter that makes him talk against the mechanism.

Contributions of various countries differ from each other in the same way as the different countries are subjected to risk as per the impacts of global warming. Although the issue of global warming is a uniform phenomenon considering involvement of each of the countries of the world in contributing towards it, a generic pattern of their involvement can be by far identified.

Additionally, the drama also reflects Nietzsche’s doctrine that man’s relation with the Creator and universe is entirely his personal matter, where no one should have the right to interfere in such sensitive issues. Moreover, the author, through the protagonist character Meursault, strives to explain that ethical values and morality are human-made principles, and consequently maintain no divine validity or inspiration altogether.

Generally, the relentless efforts of mankind to know, explore, understand itself, the environment around it to the tiniest and minute details are an ongoing process that doesn’t stop but pushes forward. In this quote, the author refers to the general endeavour of mankind to know more and to do more.

The mind on the other hand is the element of a person that gives them the ability to be aware of the world and their experiences, to feel and even to think. Scholars seek to explain the connection of the two by pointing out that consciousness is the relationship between the mind and the environment with which it interacts.

Assuming that pacifism alone can bring peace in the world is romanticizing the matter. It will also be irrational to rely on the power of might, in the name of war to secure peace because this leads to destruction of life. Pacifism is a belief that disputes can be settled peacefully without engaging in physical combat.

The explanation of human behavior can be characterized as a challenging task. Usually, human actions are based on specific causes, but this rule is not always applicable, as for example in the case of automated human responses to certain events. Still, it seems that there are rules that can explain human behavior, at least up to a level.

One of the famous beliefs of Hinduism that this writer knows about through lessons in school and readings of books is reincarnation. Hindus believe that when a person dies, s/he will be reincarnated to some animal or another human being depending on how a person lived.

Should we make sure we get universal access first before making such changes to taboos and traditional restrictions concerning the medical professions, because it could have potentially unfair or even genocidal effects? Give reasons for holding your view.

According to Ernest Van Den Haag, death penalty is the best form of retribution and deterrence the law can provide to the society. He argues that death penalty shall be allowed since it is a case where people fear such penalty the most, and it is a very solid form of teaching the people a lesson.

In the film The Matrix, the main character Neo begins to doubt his identity and his own existence as well as the existence of the world around him, and he uses a rational approach to arrive at the answers that he needs. The method that Neo uses in trying to know himself and the experiences that he has been through eventually point him to the truth somehow corresponds to the thoughts of Rene Descartes in his Meditations.

It is the belief behind the film. The audience doesn’t really care much about the elements of the film – they just want to be swept away. The film is what makes the audience feel – joy, laughter, heartbreak, fear, etc. We feel the film on an intuitive level, and this is what a film really is (Frampton, 2006).

Sovereign states do play an important role in ensuring harmonious existence of different people. This is because the sovereign states have laws, which people have to abide to, failure to which they are to face punishment. In avoiding punishment, people try to avoid doing any act that is against the stipulated laws; thus, promoting harmony.

According to the Cosmological Argument of Thomas Aquinas, God is the First and Uncaused Cause. Mainly, the argument is based on induction. It begins with Aquinas believing that there is an order of “efficient causes” in this world (Reichenbach, 2012). This means that causality exists in this world and that this causality has a particular order, where one thing causes another, and this caused thing also causes another thing.

Can the Existence of God be Proven Ontologically? The subject of religion and more so, the existence of God, is always a sensitive topic, this might be because it is the very core of human life. Many theories about the existence of God have been formulated since time immemorial, most begging to proof that God does exist and some refuting that claim.

Plato met Socrates in 408 B.C. and studied with him until the teacher died in 399 B.C. It does not appear from Plato's own writings that he was particularly intimate with Socrates, and he cannot have been more than twenty-nine years old when he saw the teacher for the last time. At the age of 40, Plato left Athens to study with Pythagoras at Crotona.

Title of the essay Your Name(First, Middle Initial, Surname) Institution Name Abstract This essay explores different instructional models, widely use around the globe, and compare the differences among them. I have also tried to establish a connection between historical factors that forced our education to alter according to the political, social and cultural needs.

The business is operating in a top-down, vertical hierarchy with many different layers of supervision and other management. In a typical business, a more horizontal structure is usually required to gain total work group commitment and satisfy motivational goals for productivity.

However, Descartes also admitted in his Meditations that somehow the mind and the body, despite their interdependence, happen to interact with each other and somehow this interaction results in a perceived unity: “…for in truth, I could never be separated from it or from other bodies: I felt in it and on account of it all my appetites and affections [and] I was affected in its parts by pain and the titillation of pleasure” (Descartes 1969:162).

Different religions have similar and dissimilar views on some of the current global issues such as racism and poverty, war and murder, marriage and divorce, sex and drugs, individuality and freedom, capitalism and injustice, media and truthfulness, and education and politics.

This is the case, as the soul is the immortal aspect of living things, especially humans, which is referred as the soul. Further, this is a usage commonly used to refer to the mind, therefore, would expect to receive a philosophical or scientific explanation of how the mind is dying – to leave the physical being without a mind entity.

The debate reveals that there are numerous errors in the justice system that has resulted in the execution of innocent individuals. Additionally, the punishment does not deter crime but promotes violent resolution of transgressions. According to the proponents of this punishment, its utilization ought to be rare.

Artworks may come in a form of a drawing, a painting, sculpture, photographs, or another form of visual media. Each piece of artwork can give the public audiences a different level of sensual experience. Some people may receive a positive mood or feelings just by looking at a piece of artwork.

Nozick bases his happiness philosophy on two thought experiments that are the direction of happiness and the experience machine. Nozick’s first thought experience is the direction of happiness thought. Nozick is of the opinion that people care more than the amount of happiness they experience in their lives.

The four pillars of fair-trade structure, namely, “institutions, producers, consumers, and government/policy” (Stenn, 2012) are now found to make huge contributions to sustainable development through the provision of better trading conditions in partnerships between the producers and the consumers and protecting the rights of the “marginalized producers and workers” (Mare, 2008, p. 1923).

Moreover, the same situation involved the Nazi doctors due to the camps, which were developed by the Nazi regime. The moral dilemma that had commenced at beginning of war and this was not usual for anyone that had been experienced. In this case, the doctors had been charged with a responsibility of deciding people who were to live and die.