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The research is fundamental means to develop knowledge and awareness of the new technologies and creations. However, the validity of a research always remains questionable because of the fact that it is principally based on the evaluation of the hypothesis that is formulated in the start of the research.
The author states that Plato’s Apology considers Socrates trial in front of the Greek lawmakers. The Apology then represents the entirety of Socrates’ argument to the court to prove his innocence and demonstrate the absurdity of Meletus claims against him. In this effort Socrates bravely presents arguments relating to the need to life.
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In his work titled “Fragments”, Pathogoras provides a distinction between absolutism and relativism by using man as the measure. Pathogoras states that man is the measure of all things and this expresses the essence of relativism. The concept of relativism can be explained in terms of variables “x” and “y”, i.e., x is relative to y.
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The author states that in this passage, Nietzsche positions the Superman as the most effective solution to the nihilism which, according to him, is the definitive feature of his reality and the world around him. In part 3 of Zarathustra’s prologue, Nietzsche refers to the analogy with Darwin’s philosophy of evolution.
When Eve presented Adam a fruit which was prohibited to them by God, he was confused about whether to accept it or not. Even though God instructed him, not to use that fruit, his partner Eve forced him to eat it because of the compulsion from the evil force. The evil force told them that God denied the luxury of eating that fruit.
Nietzsche was a total aristocrat and was not of the opinion that all humans are equal. He calls the democratic system as the ‘collective degeneration of man’ (Nietzsche p. 127). Therefore he would have advocated master morality in the world today. He was himself an aristocrat so he idealized the master morality.
The idea that the greatest good and benefit of the most people of the society should be kept in mind when deciding which action is preferable, is appealing and it can have a long lasting positive impact on the society. The philosophy is an answer to most of the concerns of human society and that’s why I like Utilitarianism that most.
According to Vis, “The practices of everyday life are simply ways of operation, distinct because of their repetitive and partially unconscious nature”. A society is an organism that has been shaped with innumerable atoms in the form of individuals and the relationships among the individuals is vital to the organic nature of the state or society.
The author states that due to the rise in behaviorism, experts opined that nurture played a role in human development. This argument was based on the fact that training in early childhood can make the child develop into any kind of adult. Both nature and nurture have a role in the development of humans.
According to the study in capitalism, business individuals plan out their own business strategies due to minimum intrusion of the government, and thus, effective determination of various sources of capital becomes possible in such an economic system. The nature of goods and services is another right of the businesspersons in the capitalism.
Learning by doing is a process that has been employed in all manners of educational systems for ages. This entails teaching by examples: students or learners are expected to repeat the same actions or activities undertaken by the teachers or instructors in the course of learning. This form of learning has also been termed “engaged learning”.
The International Relations is one of the much debated and exercised arena within the domain of modern socio-political discourse as it has been witnessed by scholars, statesmen and common people that unless adequate developments can be initiated in this field, securing a better existence for the humankind might not be guaranteed.
Through an examination of the major narrative developments that are affected by the god’s, including Athena’s interventions with Telemachus, this essay shows the various ways that the actions of the gods affect the characters of the Odyssey and how these god’s interventions affect the action of the Odyssey.
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Education is one of the most important aspects of human life. Education has a potential to make a person achieve social status, wealth, and respect in the society. However, human life is a witness to the fact that only social status and material possession does not make the man happy. It takes more than a good job, respect and social status.
The author states that the scientific field itself is independent thus realism takes it independent nature as well. The miracle of science had been debated over the years because it’s successful. The debate regarding scientific realism is based upon the fact that unobservable bodies are being concluded as the basis of scientific theories.
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Ian Hacking's basic propositions were based on the assumption that those entities which cannot be potentially observed or seen with the naked eyes can be considered as real if they can be maneuvered through experimentation. This also means that Hacking assumed that those entities which could be maneuvered through experimentation may not exist at all until theory proved them.
The author states that the term personality encompasses different elements and when we talk about the personality of someone, we take into consideration so many qualities of that person such as motivation, aptitude, and attitude, the pattern of talking, and behavior. One of the important theories of personality is the humanistic theory of personality.
The sculpture was usually chosen to “decorate rooms dedicated to the intellectual aspects of leisure, such as reading or study”. The Villa of the Papyri had many different types of statues, all intellectual in the subject matter. They even had a bust of Epicurus, “particularly appropriate because the villa housed a specialist library of texts relating to Epicurian philosophy”.
Zimbardo the social school, and Piaget are connected with the cognitive school of psychology. The author states that each school of psychology offers different insights in regard to different aspects of the psychological nature of human beings. To understand these insights is to understand the way that a person mentally functions, grows and strives.
John Bordley Rawls (1921-2002) is considered an important figure in the areas of moral and political philosophy. He is accredited for a number of rewards and achievements which include the James Bryant Conant University Professorship at Harvard. He is most famous for his A Theory of Justice which is regarded as a primary text in political philosophy.
The author states that there are myriad of interpretations regarding the term “topos” used by Aristotle. There is no second opinion regarding the issue that Aristotle’s rhetoric bears much more heterogeneous character in terms of its topic. Topos or “topoi” in classical terminology stands for different sources from where the information is gathered.
For, the reasoning is the domain of the mind. When one transcends the mind, divinity is experienced. Repeat, divinity is experiencing, not explaining. The ultimate reality, God, is beyond words. The printed pages cannot capture it. This is the problem between the wrangling intellectuals. The perfect design of things seen in the world.
Kierkegaard’s self is more preoccupied with whether it is headed toward salvation or not; while the self Descartes is primarily concerned with knowing an absolute, rational truth. Proving that it exists is in itself a step towards self-fulfillment, while in Kierkegaard this question does not really arise. Descartes’ self is also entirely rational.
According to Descartes any qualitative data may be inaccurate because we depend a lot on our senses for qualitative appreciation of an event or thing. If we are to believe this theory to be correct then how can we explain the event of death? A major flaw in this theory is in its treatment of death which cannot be numerically proven.
The author states that Nietzsche believes that nature and humans are different in their characteristics and attributes. He is critical and also sarcastic in his way of asking human beings as to why they compare themselves to nature. Nature is limitless and extravagant he says and has its own way of working things.
Of course, I am a different person from Socrates, because we live in different times, but there are similarities as well. For example, people are still religious today, but less so than in the past, and in Socrates’ time, the gods were seen as no longer being so invested in taking such a personal, direct, and explicit interest in the affairs of humanity.
The author states that after Socrates death, Plato took some time to travel abroad, but when he came back, he started the Academy, a school that would teach philosophical though; Plato would take up the same role as teacher that Socrates had for him. He followed in Socrates’ footsteps, expanding what he had been taught.
It is a reality beyond suspicion that philosophers are the rebels of the society to which belong, and revolt against the prevailing inequalities, injustices and malpractices being committed within their social and political establishment. Their thoughtfulness shows new dimensions and a ray of hope to their fellow beings.
The Cartesian model, known as Cartesian Perspectivalism centers itself in the “harmonious and scientific” approach in defining a vision. This hegemonic perspective reduces the interpretation of “representations” which are embedded in the mind of the beholder. Representations being symbols and symbols entrenched in images arranged accordingly to mathematical grid orders.
A portrait of a typical hero can be drawn with qualities such as sacrifice, determination, loyalty, courage, dedication, selflessness, gallantry, perseverance, fortitude, bravery, etc. It is the society or the people who make the person a hero because of some of the extra qualities dwells in him. He becomes a hero by his outstanding and praiseworthy deeds.
These points were differentiated in compliance with the Ethics of care. Unlike other ethical views, this point of view presents a 'justice view' of morality.Therefore three points from the ethics of care present the framework, which can be perfectly applied to ethical dilemma of Joe Darby due to its publicity and parties involved.
Socrates was an advocate for deep contemplation about philosophy, religion, politics and the general social condition. He openly advocated a self-reflective lifestyle that considered the self and also about the motivations for why men behaved in the fashion they did.
According to Aristotle, while most of our daily pursuits are engaged in a pursuit of happiness, happiness is frequently pursued simply as an end in itself. However, most people have no idea what happiness is or really how to attain it. This is first because happiness is a very subjective subject, meaning something different to different individuals.
Save the most isolated hermit, at one point in his/her life, every person must confront and ultimately accept the death of another. This is not to confer a sense of ease regarding this experience. The real thing is without question more striking, heart-rendering, and even life-changing than any individual thought written and expressed here.
Sartre writes this in what seems to be complete agreement with the sentiments of Camus. Both existentialists, they, however, had distinct ways of looking at life and freedom, choices and accountability. Sartre holds that everything we are is our own decision, and Camus seems to posit that ‘stuff happens’ and we are powerless to escape it.
Philosophy is all about fitting it all together and stepping back to look at the picture as a whole. Now quite understandably, when these people look at the picture as a whole, they look at metaphysics (the theory of reality), epistemology, Aesthetics (the theory of art and nature), Ethics (the theory of morality), and politics.
My objective is to establish as to why it is essential to continue the pursuit, and frame a working theory of knowledge and an epistemology which is acceptable logically and looks sound and cohesive. In conclusion, I will tender examples to improve one's criteria of knowledge in the future.
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The basic motive of this project is to analyze Michael Tooley’s article, “Moral Status of Cloning Humans”. He says that the idea or theory of genetic determinism is not correct, therefore, cloning to produce persons cannot be labeled intrinsically wrong. Tooley further asserts that not only is cloning not immoral, but it can help us improve our lives.
The son of a doctor, Aristotle lived and worked at a time when knowledge was starting to branch into different disciplines. Well educated, his fine language skills furnished him with the tools for analysis, calculation, interpretation, and reckoning. He defined the basics of logic, upon which the building blocks of science and mathematics have been placed.
The author states that m is relative, a matter of conventions relative to a particular society” as stated by Peter Cave, a British professor in philosophy. This means that even though morality is conventional to a particular society, it is relative since not all societies have the same beliefs and practices towards a certain type of conventional truth.
Throughout the first book of Plato’s Republic the concept of justice is explored through the Socratic dialogue form. Beginning with his discussion with Cephalus through to his argument with Thrasymachus, Socrates offers an understanding of justice through the negation his opponent’s truth claims.
The leadership approach gained interest in the earlier years of the twentieth century and then it became more categorized and systematic. Earlier, the leadership theories focused on the qualities which showed the difference between leaders and followers but with time, the focus shifted to the variable factors like the situations, skill level, etc.
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Entwistle underlines that psychology and theology complement one another. He claims that: “Everyone has a worldview - a window through which he or she views the world, assumptions, and beliefs that colour what he or she sees”. Thus human experience can be obtained nor empirically, neither filtered out through faith, but depends on social background.
As human beings try to understand their position in this world, one approach that humanity has to utilize in order to give sense and meanings to his/her experience of life and humanity is through the arts. In fact, Plato in The Republic has noted already the power of arts to influence, define and shape a person’s perspective of the things around him in particular and of the world in general.
This discussion talks that If absurdism is a belief that is universally accepted then it can be argued that the meaning of philosophy itself is nothing because since life has no purpose then why should one actually assess its outcome and search for a way of living. Not believing in life would actually mean not believing in one’s own existence.
When assessed closely, variant political systems manifest similar inflexible rhythms (Horkheimer & Adorno 95). Worth noting is fundamental that the pronounced concordance of the microcosm as well as macrocosm confronts citizens of the world with models of own cultures which primarily echo the artificial identity of the universal.
The paper shows that the given author is controversial for having applied the social contract treatise to reach the surprising conclusion that people have to surrender to the power and authority of a supreme and powerful ruler. His conclusion was reached due to his idea that a state of war is the state of nature.
In Plato’s Apology, Socrates basically mentioned in his defense that a man who realizes the fact that he knows nothing is much wiser than a man who thinks he knows many things despite the fact that he knows nothing (Jowett). Personally, I agree with some points of this view. Bragging about the matters we know only a little is never a step to reach true wisdom.
The author states that soul building according to Hick is the improvement of the human person because he defined the concept as the ‘courage to face suffering’ which is fundamental in the achievement of a good human character. A person or human is defined by the author as a creation of God that possesses moral freedom.
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Dao, or a person’s path in life, is influenced by an individual’s physical means and experience. This is the nature and nurture philosophy combined in order to come to a person’s Dao. Su Shi’s “Crossing the Sea, June 20, 1100” comprises the thoughts of accepting the universe and life path an individual is given.