Macro & Microeconomics Essays

There are a number of conditions that should be available for the occurrence of intraindustry trade. The most important condition is that there should be some level of comparative advantage for intraindustry to occur. Research studies indicate that intra-industry occurs mainly because there is product differentiation and that a particular economy is in a position to produce goods of high quality compared to others (Helpman & Krugman, 2005, p.

The focus will be on the Ukraine, its current economic status, how it is faring as an outsider to the union right now and what the repercussions, for good or bad, might be should it also join the Customs Union (CU). A brief overview is given first in the introduction to set the current environment for the countries of the Customs Union, the Ukraine and its present economic situation.

IT also enables these companies to operate globally by enabling them to handle their clients from a distant location. IT companies themselves are the biggest advocate of globalization. Most IT companies work for businesses in various geographical areas growing their network globally.  Technological development and advances have indeed made the world a smaller place.

MBS are loans that are normally purchased from mortgage companies, banks and originators and then they are assembled into groups by a private entity, a governmental or a quasi governmental. The securities are then offered by the entity. These securities are offered in a process called securitization

The Solow model is also known as Solow-Swan growth model or the neoclassical growth model and the exogenous growth model. The model delineates economic models pertaining to long term growth within the framework of neoclassical economics.

It is an extraordinary achievement for such a huge country like China that has tremendous regional differences. In the meantime, there has been a remarkable reduction in the rural poverty population of China. According to the statistics of China’s national poverty line, the rural poverty line has come down from 250 million in 1978 to 28.2 million in 2002.

United Air Lines is a subsidiary of United Continental Holdings. On the 30th of November 2011, United Air Lines received a single operating certificate from the Federal Aviation Administration which serves as a legally binding contract that allows the merging of its flight services, check-in and frequent-flier programs under the name of United (Freed, 2011).

The loose regulations that arisen contributed to the emergence of a super-rich class known as the “robber barons” who owned extremely large companies. The “robber robins” were known for their ways of lavish lifestyles and exuberant spending. Thorstein criticized the type of behaviour and called it as being a waste. 

During recessions, variables such as output, employment, and investment tend to be depressed for periods of a year or more. One may be interested to know whether the theory can account for the effects of monetary disturbances on real variables. Misperception about general price level persisting for a long time is one such possibility. 

As such, this has allowed some developing economies such as China as well as India to pose strong competition to the already developed and giant economies in the world, especially the U. S. The flattening of the global ability to compete economically has been boosted further by the convergence of various political forces as well as technological expertise, which has consequently resulted in the emergence of a worldwide web-enabled field of play.

Mostly foreign aid is considered as being in excessive amount, or just a waste on the corrupt governments of the world. In actuality, the quality and quantity of assistance have been meager and donor nations have never been held accountable for it. What is the effect of foreign aid on the economic growth of Third World countries?

This is facilitated by the private sector and banks by means of electronic money. The liquidity and funding in the money market increases by a growth in the money supply due to a rise in capital in banks and other financial institutions (Wieland, 2009). Quantitative easing is divided into expansionary and contractionary policies as well.

On the international front, the nationalization serves to sever the historic amiable relations between Argentina and other countries, particularly Spain. Spain’s unwillingness and incapacity to invest further in Argentina also exemplifies the social implications of the nationalization.

The hotel industry offers a constant cost that is not affected by the increase in the decrease of products and services produced by making an average. Some hotel industries do an average cost that will cushion them from changes in the production costs to maintain a fixed cost for their customers. This is determined by the number of people who book rooms.

This paper mainly focuses on establishing economic relationships between constantly dropping prices of computers and the considerable growth in demand for this hardware. The modern computer has advanced features like increased RAM, improved portability and software compatibility. Despite this fact, the average prices for computers are falling.

Consumption goes beyond the mere act of buying and the subsequent consumption. As Mcnall (1990) notes, the latent function of consumption engenders some form of signaling effect of uniqueness and exclusivity: consumers actively involve themselves in purchases not only to consume but also as a way of 'telling' others who they are, or who they wish to become.

This essay mainly focuses on the main challenges, which the Nordic Welfare model is currently facing. Nordic countries were always accused of charging a high individual tax rates as well as high corporate taxes. The demographic shift in Nordic countries also presents an important challenge for the viability of their economic systems.

China has followed the export-led path of growth which has brought admiration for the economy from the international sphere (Razmi, 2009, 1). Since the net export is a part of the gross domestic product, a considerable rise in exports has led to a significant rise in the GDP of the country. This in turn is reflected in the higher growth rate of the economy.

This essay mainly focuses on identifying effective sets of macroeconomic policies for achieving major macroeconomic objectives, set by the government. The macroeconomic objectives include labor productivity and high levels of capital investment. The rise of the European market and globalization impacted the long term objectives of the government.

Unregulated open fisheries in the Pacific Ocean created a common resource for the fishermen. Both local fishermen and foreign fishermen exploited these resources with the aim of maximizing private profits. This decreased the total reserve of fish in these areas and at one point of time the cod population became extinct (“Fish Stock Depletion”).

Macro & Micro economics Introduction The Chinese economy has been growing at a significantly high rate since the last three decades. It is the second-largest economy in the world and is one among the fastest growing economies (Chiang and Standing, 2013). Last year (2012), in the fourth quarter, the Chinese economy grew at the rate of 7.9% (BBC, 2013).

Financial markets are the most unstable economic markets that any investor can foresee. With economic recessions and high-interest rates, the stock market of the US faced what seemed to be the most trying moments in the history of US financial markets. The Federal government had declared intentions of raising the interest rates.

The Australian retail grocery market is characterised by low growth in terms of population, comparatively small market, along with large distances. These unique features of the industry have created the requirement of ensuring economies of scale for the retailers which operate in the national level in order to deliver food as well as other grocery products to the customers throughout the market in a reliable manner.

For this matter, understanding the Social Security Trust fund and the means by which it operates, manages debt, and has evolved over the past years to represent what we see today is extremely important facet of understanding the future of governmental finance, taxation and prospects for retirement both for the current generation of retirees as well as our own generation.

The project will throw light on the urban economic perspective of Cape Town, the second most populated city in South Africa. The city is considered to be the legislative capital of the nation. The city is located on the shore of Table Bay. It is in the northern region of Cape Peninsula.

The combination of these sectors makes up the economic structure of different economies. There are four main types of economic systems, namely; the mixed economic system, market economies, command economic systems, and the traditional economic system. They ensure that the limited resources are prioritized and allocated accordingly.

The role of the government in a free market economy is limited to providing public goods like defense, roads which no individual would pay for. There is also a need for a strict legal framework to maintain law and order in the country. The government would also need to interfere in case of market failure situations.

The financial crisis the country is trying to come out from was the creation of the Federal Reserve. However, the politician has been attacking each other and blaming the Bush administration for poor policy. It is worth noting that the collapse of the mortgage market was necessitated by Fed's laxity on the money market.

It is argued that, unlike regions that are in East Asia or Latin America, the Islamic nations have negatively responded to globalization. The main reason why the Middle East has vehemently opposed globalization is the lack of previous cultural penetration in the Islamic world by Western institutions, ideas, and culture.

The global environment is a complex background for changing the development of organizations, individuals, groups and governments. A great number of external factors exert an evident influence on economic, political, technological and social factors.  In the case of globalization, non-linear patterns of organizations’ functioning can be present.

According to the paper healthcare economics encompasses all factors that ensure viable implementation of healthcare services. The research delves on the suppliers and users of healthcare services. Health production or promotion concepts or models incorporate economic principles. The health economics principles include the supply theory.

Using either model to design reward systems would actually depend on management’s mission, vision, and thrusts for the organization, as well as the resources of the organization. The best fit model employs an HR strategy that “will be more effective when…integrated with its specific organizational and environmental context”.

Multi, in this context, may mean more than one and national may mean countries or nations.There are a number of famous companies which we deal with. These companies are famous around the world rather than just operating in their host countries.

Firms who decide to go with a certain alternative should do it with authority and not take such massive cost-based decisions on a routine basis. (Albert R. Jonsen 2010) It is not a good sign for the image of the firm to constantly spend both time and resources on deciding which alternative is best in which time period.

The paper will discuss the numerous differences between microeconomics and macroeconomics and analyze the effects of change in consumption on employment.

Firstly, corporations operating in the FTZs usually discourage their employees from joining or forming trade unions. Workers who try to do so are usually threatened with dismissals or closure of the companies, hence loss of livelihoods (Perman et al., 2004). FTZs are also usually exempt from most countries’ employment laws.

An increase in personal consumption activity therefore can allow the economy to boost up. The government therefore should take measures to ensure that the interest rates, as well as inflation, remain low to facilitate the consumers to constantly demand more goods and services. Low-interest rates coupled with low inflation rates can certainly result in better economic progress in the future.

The theorem states that “If the local non-satiation condition for consumers is satisfied and [(x0i), (y0j), (Ф)] is a competitive equilibrium, then the allocation [(x0i), (y0j)] is Pareto optimal.” Before the proof is done, three conditions have to be defined, the first condition being that an allocation of resources is feasible, and the second condition being that the allocation of resources is utility maximizing for individual consumers at the price given.

Professional sports teams in the US and worldwide have grown stronger and richer over the years, particularly towards the end of the twentieth century, leading to the commercialization of the sector. Professional team sports are steadily reaping increased profits from the sale of television broadcasting rights, team merchandise, and tickets.

This paper discusses the theories of liberalism, economic nationalism and structuralism with anent critical application to the World Trade Organization (WTO). This further asserts that liberalism and structuralism dominate and applies to the WTO system as an organization that is weaving global influence in the world political economy.

Consumers are willing to purchase SUVs regardless of their price variations because they believe that larger and tough vehicles would protect them in an accident. However, gasoline prices can have an inverse effect on the demand of Toyota SUVs. To illustrate, the Toyota SUV market experienced significant sales declines in 2006 when gasoline price reached $3 a gallon.

A concentration ratio measures the total output in an industry produced by a given number of large firms. The four-firm concentration ratio measures the output that is produced by four top firms in an industry. There are six firm concentration ratios and eight-firm concentration ratios. The concentration ratio is usually used to measure the extent of oligopoly and the degree to which the largest firms control a market.

In a closed economic country, all economic activities are conducted within the boundary of the country. Such an economy means the country does not accept imports from other countries and does not export to foreign countries. The main objective of this type of economy is to make everything available for people within the confines of the economy.

The vision 2030 is, therefore, the pillar to many developments. The following are the benefits that are expected by the vision: Vision 2030 is meant to have a significant impact on the economy, the society at large and also to the natural environment. The economy should have developed up to the desired levels, and in turn the lives of the people of Qatar would have also taken a new dimension.

Report on the UK Petrol Market. The UK petrol market is important and dynamic. Since the publication of the Monopolies and Mergers Commission in 1990, there has been increased competition. The emergence of large supermarkets dealing in petrol has led to the decline of the major non-supermarket dealers such as Esso and Shell.

It is a small state but it possesses great importance in America. President Obama fought his election while living in Chicago which is one of the busiest cities in Illinois. The state often called a microcosm for the entire country has been facing a time of serious crisis since the financial recession that destroyed its economy in 2007.

Generally speaking, Central Intelligence Agency (2013) states “After World War II, a democratic-based government (Republic of Korea, ROK) was set up in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula while a Communist-style government was installed in the north (Democratic People's Republic of Korea, DPRK).”

To put the discussion into perspective, a brief profile of each of the companies will be given. To begin with, BP is a renowned international gas and oil company operating in over 80 countries as reported by Fisk, Swint and Calkins. Its two segments deal with exploring and producing gas and oil products and refining and marketing these products.

This essay analyzes that Merger is not easy to do an activity and involves incorporation of two big organizations. A company could decide to merge because of many reasons, like provide capacity utilization, to gain economies of scale, to gain access to new suppliers, distributors, customers etc. Although Merger is not always helpful to the society.

Evaluation of such issues shows why the transition in the economic system is real regardless of the criticism of capitalism by some scholars and socialists and communists. Although some economic systems in the world have their own benefits, they may not be able to contribute to a universal system that will incorporate all the people