Macro & Microeconomics Essays

The index ranges from a low of 0 to a high of 1. Both these digits indicate two extremes that are; perfect competition and monopoly. The index at 0 indicates that there is perfect competition in the market while the index at 1 indicates that there is monopoly in the market.

Chinese companies are mining and processing raw materials at the expense of Europe. The stability of world economy is going to play an important role in the Sino-EU economic relations. Pressure from EU and United States should cause the Chinese government to act upon fiscal and structural international policies responsibly.

The author stresses that many firms have thrived in the global markets using low-interest borrowing from central banks to boost their balance sheets. As a result, business organizations have plunged into corporate debts with the intentions of repayment during better financial times.

The term economy refers to the structure of the economic life or economic activity in a particular community, region, nation, a group of regions or countries, or the entire world. Macroeconomics involves the overall performance of a particular economy. Various parameters are used in measuring economy, which include the number of people working, their total income or their production/the amount produced.

This saved consumers globally up to $60 billion. Many bio-fuels use food crops such as corn as inputs to the extraction and production of bio-fuels (Vidal n.d.). There has been a considerable rise in the demand for food crops such as corn. Such is because previously, almost all of the corn was consumed for food purposes but now the demand for bio-fuel has added to this demand resulting in an increase in higher overall demand for corn.

Probably the most important are the following: technological development, development of transport infrastructure, growth of the role of international companies, etc. In any case, these reasons have led to creation of a global world. Global economy is one of the most essential areas of this world.

Theoretical Underpinnings for Central Bank Independence 7 2.4. Empirical Support for Central Bank Independence 7 2.5. Inflation & Central Bank Independence 8 3. Conclusion 9 4. References 10 5. Bibliography 12 1. Introduction Independence of the Central bank implies that the monetary policymakers are free from direct influence from the government or from the political front while conducting the policies.

Furthermore, specific example is illustrated in order to point out that monopolies are not always bad and may be a good thing at some point. The Antitrust behavior.This specific behavior is applicable to those companies or organizations with the attitude to monopolize the industry or be a cut above the other until they remain the only one to play a significant role in the market or industry.

Economists usually consider the implicit costs and explicit costs of operating, often called as opportunity cost, while accounting cost do not count the explicit costs of the owner. Ralph Bryns, 2011 argues that a business becomes profitable in the overall perspective when a firm’s revenue exceeds the explicit and implicit costs.

This initiative was accomplished through an agreement by the US Federal Reserve, UK central banks, the Euro zone, Canada and other countries to ease the cost of financing. This was done by softening the existing swap arrangements, a deal, which saw the increase in the dollar in Asian stock markets.

The kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the world’s largest oil exporter in the world. It is a political monopoly governed by the royal family. Founded by Abdul-Aziz bin Saud in 1932, Saudi Arabia has become one of the major powers in the Middle East.

The country is also one of the producers of the world's most technologically advanced world of steel, cement, chemicals, machinery, vehicles, electronics and shipbuilding. Located in Central Europe, Germany, North Shore stretches from the North Sea to the west so that the Danish border, then east of the Baltic Sea.

This is with regard to the Company’s dedication in 2007 to return to the environment and societies a comparable amount of water to what is utilized in all its production by 2020. Connection This report delineates Coca-Cola’s progress towards its targets.

The housing crisis or the sub prime crisis is getting worse rather than cooling off, this means that the US economy is only going to get adversely affected and this in turn is going to affect all the major economies of the world. The labor market is also getting affected and this means that there will be less job opportunities in the future for the people seeking jobs.

Since recent past, different economies of the world have experienced numerous crunches and depressions and prices of commodities were one of the paramount victims of these crisis. Gone is the time when the commodity prices were predictable for several years and people could buy or sell things at adumbrating cost.

The skills and knowledge attained by the degree holder will improve and increase the productivity hence the standard of living is improved as stated above. Question 5 A higher rate of saving leads to higher growth rate temporarily since, as the capital rises, leading to more productivity, it will reach some point whereby the capital will fall.

The main goals often include; relatively stable prices and low unemployment cases. Monetary policy is often at times based on the relationship between the rates of interest of an economy, the cost at which money can be loaned and the total supply of money.

There are different economic variables that affect the lives of people. One of those variables is inflation. Inflation can be defined as a persistent substantial rise in the general levels of prices (Dictionary).

Some relate Arab uprisings to the global capitalist crisis, which has gradually moved from the US and Europe to African countries. Since Tunisia and other North African countries are closely bounded with European economy, it should be expected that at some point in time the global economic crisis would, finally, reach Africa – indeed, prices for food went up causing people protest against their low incomes, high rates of unemployment and poverty.

Contemporary Issues in Managing Human Resources. The scope of human resources management (HRM) becomes more extensive as management endeavors to meet the needs and goals of its people in the organization. The evolution of human resources management in terms of theoretical frameworks, research and diversity in applications has been increasingly significant in the last century.

On the other hand, immunity can be abused and state officials or agents of states can invoke immunity to escape prosecution for crimes against humanity. This work attempts to examine the international statutes on immunity of agents of states and examine select cases to assess the state of the international statutes on the subject.

Our reference point, which is the government deficit, entails: deficit spending by various governments, there is primary deficit which are deficits arrived at after deductions of interest payments are deducted and finally we have both structural and cyclical deficits which are part and parcel of the public sector deficits (BBC 2010).

 The Greater Arab Free Trade Agreement was signed and brought into existence in the year of 1997. This is the agreement signed between various Arab countries including Egypt, Libya, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, Syria and many others, making it up to fourteen countries. 

On the other hand, BRIC economies are not similar, though they are in the investment classification, whereby others having political and economic alliances, which are from the groups. Nevertheless, among these countries, China has made significant achievement, thereby making them eliminate the need for alliances.

Singapore comprises of the main island linked by a causeway as well as a bridge to the southern tip of Malaysia, and around fifty smaller islands. Singapore has grown astronomically to become one of the world’s most affluent places, characterized by glittering skyscrapers and a thriving port.

The implications of the price of zero are exemplified by the inclination to consider zero as acting as a special price, which in turn results in overreaction to free products and services as though zero price instantly denoted increased value. The price of zero has a peculiar effect on demand where the concept of free has the impact of bending the demand curve as demand increases in an extremely non-linear way.

Born in a family that owned over twenty slaves, Clay must have known exactly the benefits of owning a slave, or slaves. Yet, he was one of the earliest southerners who argued against slavery. According to The Latin Library (para 17), Clay believed failing to emancipate slaves in Kentucky was hindering the state from economic development.

Further, the success and failures of IMF are as well covered, and the influence IMF had on African nations notably Nigeria and Cameroon on the political and economic situations. The impact of IMF and the role it played in the two nations, the changes enacted due to IMF, and a comparative analysis of the supposed failure.

Immigration is important because it entails key aspects like who makes up a population, who has claims to rights and privileges and who are valuable and dispensable, among other issues concerning identity, citizenship and consumption.

Where will Russia be in the Year 2050? Despite the past up and down economic fluctuations, recently, Russia has become one of the leading economies in the world. Currently, it is the sixth largest economy in the world in terms of purchasing power parity and eleventh largest in terms of nominal value.

This paper mainly focuses on thorough reviewing of the recent major microeconomic tendencies in the US economy. Microeconomic events primarily relate with the patterns of decision making by individual consumers and firms and organizations, in terms of the manner in which products and services are to be consumed or produced.

The major factor affecting demand of these Channel bags is price. Every time there is change in the prices of these channel bags there is always a movement caused in the demand curve. For instance, if there happens to be a fall in the prices of the channel bags, the curve moves to the right implying that there is a rise in demand levels and if there is a rise in the prices of these products, there is a consequent fall in demand (Schotter, 2009).

1 Introduction 3 Developmental State Model 3 The model and the Problems for Japan 4 Conclusion 8 References 10 Bibliography 11 Introduction The term “developmental state” is used by the scholars of political economy to identify the macroeconomic scheduling in East Asia that began in the late twentieth century.

Using marcro-economic indicators such as unemployment rate, inflation rate, and balance of payment among others, it is possible to detect whether or not there was an economic growth in each country, Russia and India in this research Economic growth is defined as the increase in production of goods and services that occurs over long periods of time

Reacting To Falling Oil Prices and the Global Economic Downturn 5. The Hidden Energy Crisis 5.1 Overview 5.2 Saudi Arabia Consumption Problem 5.3 Impact on the International Oil Market 5.4 Escalating Demand and Social Insecurity 5.5 The Role of Energy Prices 5.6 The Cost to Society 6.

In the journal article, “Escaping the Poverty Trap in Latin America” by Enrique Carrolli and Ricardo Moran, there is an investigation of the complexities of poverty in Latin America and what the continuing trends are. The hypothesis established by the researchers’ states that poverty is not only based on economic factors, but also remains a high risk because of generational influences and education that leads others into a state of poverty.

In industry, crude petroleum is needed to be refined in the refineries to obtain various energy products such as, petrol, paraffin and natural gas. The production of petroleum by the industry especially, in USA has introduced a large distributor to the total petroleum in the global economy.

The effect of the housing crisis has mostly affected the mortgages. These are the people and the organizations who deal with houses. These include selling houses and lending of houses. The housing crisis has resulted from the global financial crisis. It was branded by mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures.

There was an agreement that had been signed by all the European countries that said that all of them would have to limit their spending and also reduce their funding of new business and existing markets through debt. For this purpose they created an enormous pool of money, and the countries used to draw from them.

Sales Tax in Canada.The influence of government in the economy is of a great magnitude given that they issue policies and impose taxes (Bird, 2009). Taxes serve different functions in the economy and one of their critical uses is raising revenue for the government (Bird, 2009).

The paper will also focus on the concept of the economic diversification by identifying ways through which diversity contributes to the economy. Growth of the oil and non-oil sector for a period of ten years will be discussed, in way that facilitates understanding of contribution made by these sectors to the economy of UAE.

The misuse and certain aspects of the policy resulted in criticism. And therefore, the policies were reformed and are still under consideration. Next, I have discussed the issue relating to carbon tax. It has been discussed and evaluated about how the Australian government thinks that only hefty taxes can reduce the amount of pollution emitted in the air versus the party that assumes that the large businesses are the drivers of the growing economy and imposing heavy taxes will shut down the businesses.

The economic growth may have had many effects and the monetary policy will be discussed in connection to this.

 Scarce resources where there exists a free economic system are allocated using price mechanisms. In this case, consumer spending decisions and preferences, as well as business decisions on supply, combine in the determination of equilibrium prices. 

Economic Models Name Instructor Institution Date of Submission Economic Models In the AS/AD model, consider an economy where the level of production is below the natural level The term aggregate demand and supply are economic models, which are closely associated with levels of prices and the actual production that is instrumental in the analysis of business cycle, unemployment, gross domestic production, inflation, and the stabilization policies of an economy.

The author of the article “Globalization - good or bad?” under review has highlighted the main reasons why globalization is a good thing that should be embraced by all nations. China and India have been cited as classical examples of how globalization can help transform the livelihoods of poor citizens and make them climb the social ladder into the middle class.

In summary, I shall therefore include a review of the different types of ADR and the advantages and disadvantages of litigation and ADR as a means of dispute resolution. Main Body The main body of the essay shall be titled “Civil Trial v. ADR”. This section will be separated into two distinct sub-headings, namely “The ADR Process” and “Civil Trial”.

Immigrants provide cheap labor to companies thus driving most of the low-skilled natives out of jobs, majority of who are native Indians and Black Americans. The United States government bears serious economic effects ranging from welfare costs for its citizens who have been rendered jobless to huge medical and educational costs besides the massive resource transfer across the border to Mexico.

Need of Government for Market Economies. Market economies need governments for a number of key reasons: i) Governments can keep track on formation of monopolistic or oligopolistic powers in a market economy. Monopolistic and oligopolistic structures can form within a market economy and lead to dominance of some suppliers in their respective markets.

U.S dollar has remained the dominate currency considered the global reserve currency with most exchange transactions being against the U.S. dollar. The U.S. economy has been severely affected by the 2008 economic crisis, which started with housing depreciation and spread into credit service facilities leading to collapse of several financial institutions.