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Social control theories explain different criminal behavior and share a general thought. They cover the subtle changes taking place within the society and their effects to the people. The theory encompasses social and intellectual heritages. The social heritage deals with traditional institutions and social values.
Case Study 1. A contract is basically a mutual agreement amidst two parties entering voluntarily in which, one party promises to do something in return for a valuable benefit usually known as the consideration from the other. With reference to the case, Super-Cola Taiwan (SCT) entered into a contract with Dag-Brucken ASRS Pty Ltd (DB) to manufacture an Automated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRC) for the production facilities of SCT located in Taiwan on a contractual basis payable at defined stages after the completion of predefined milestones.
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In the United States, there is a collection of individual criminal justice systems which work in each area differently depending on the jurisdiction of that area. It is classified into state criminal justice systems, which deal with crimes that are committed within the boundaries of the state, and the federal criminal justice system.
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Through the characters Jezebel, Mammy, and Sapphire, the author examines the stereotypes of the immoral woman (Jezebel), the pacified woman (Mammy), and angry woman (Sapphire). Using the subject matter of these stereotypes, the author explains the impact of these stereotypes on the participation of black women as citizens of the country.
Satellite maps can be used by law enforcement like SWAT to map an area before accessing it in order to successfully attain certain objectives and goals. However, satellite maps have limitations. One limitation that satellite maps have especially Google maps is its inability to provide a frontal or side way visual view of a target area such as house windows and doors.
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If the producer plays the role of the normal business operations, the services that the business depends on for its success or make large profits, such a worker is an employee. In most cases, producers are key factors to the success of the agency. The absence of such producers would pose risks of economical and financial loss in the business.
Obligations erga omnes2 are essentially jus cogens norms3. In this regard, all laws which are geared towards protecting the basic natural human rights are supposedly international law which should be respected by all the members of the international community of states regardless of the sovereignty of any state4.
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Since this issue is a serious social issue, therefore, the solutions should also be in the form of serious social policies and reforms. If the issue is not addressed at the earliest and the legislation which is proposed by the Obama administration is passed then it will exacerbate the issue making it worse.
The author describes Corporate social responsibility as one of the most vital concept to enhance the business goals so as to improve the reputation of the organization in an ethical way. Along with this, it is also recognised as a sort of corporate self-regulation implemented within an organization.
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New urbanism’s ultimate target is improving life quality through enabling a functional framework for urban areas. It can also be seen as an example of the manner in which a “green” lifestyle is coupled with the larger concept of sustainability. Favoring pedestrianism over automobile use acts to facilitate social interaction, as well as increased environmental benefits, while denser patterns of housing can work to conserve land2.
Together with the analysis, the work at hand also presents the remarkable use of data together with their actual gathering. Above all, the relevant findings are also presented, by which we substantially generate an important thought whether the entire research article will eventually make sense, particularly for the FBI.
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The new culture has been created within the prison system to define the status and position of members of the society. Attica Correctional Facility can be used as an example of how a social group creates hierarchies of respect and status when placed together and outside of other social pressures.
But in many parts of the world, the concept of punishment varies on the basis of gender. To be specific, in most part of the world the female category experiences a kind of relaxation in punishment; and hence when compared to male convicts, female convicts receive consideration from the judicial system although the crime committed is of equal intensity.
Citing the United States case of Banco di Roma v. Fidelity Union Trust Co., 464 F.Supp. 817 (1979), the bank in question, Banco di Roma, properly dishonoured nonconforming shipping documents, but it should have held the documents at the remitting bank’s disposition so as not to impede the remitting bank’s efforts to mitigate damages.
Also, this significant aspect i.e. execution of advanced technologies has been able to ensure the making of greater law enforcement efforts especially in investigation and prosecution of crime in an appropriate manner. On a different note, technological advancements are also opening grounds for increased amount of criminal activities.
Modern learning institutions have a particular regime of appearance. The aesthetics include classrooms matching the design of the outer structure of the buildings, use of technology such as virtual learning tools in the classroom, implementing the school dress code policy, mathematical designs such as geometric shapes, maps, objects, and people.
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The criminal justice system, in sentencing juvenile offenders, must also be looked at to determine if harsher sentences should be imposed on those who are younger than 18 years old.
It is an accepted fact that an individual’s past determines their future life. However, some believe that an individual’s past is irrelevant when deciding the fate of a convict for breaking the law. They attest that any grey areas should not exist in matters concerning crime. If the law is broken, the ultimate fate for convicts is punishment.
This study evaluated a number of criminals’ legal sanity reports prepared by several different forensic evaluators. These reports showed at least three different opinions of evaluators. The evaluators who agreed on the legal sanity of a dependant were only 51.1% of all cases.
In case , if the danger of an instant death or grave personal injury is so violent to overcome the ordinary powers of human resistance,then, duress is allowed as a defence.1 This research essay will analyse how duress cannot be claimed as a defence to murder as held in R v Howe with decided other case laws on the subject.
For a valid trust, the power or right assigned to trustees by the settlor should be clearly defined, and the trustee is under a duty to a beneficiary, and the trustee should avoid using the power or right for his own benefit. The certainty needs of a trusted mirror the truth that a trustee is under onerous to a beneficiary with regard to an unambiguous right.
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The police department is majorly responsible for law enforcement in the United States of America. Once found guilty of the offense, the criminal could be charged or punished in several ways. The police could also collaborate with other relevant bodies or agencies to respond to emergencies or threats to civilians.
Trial by a jury has for an extended period been recognized as the foundation of freedom and justice. Jurors are a critical part of the justice system and the right to trial by jury is guaranteed in the Sixth and Seventh Amendments of the U.S. constitution. The power of jury nullification predates the Constitution and avails a system of checks and balances, as the people’s last safeguard against unjust law and tyranny.
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Zodiac Killer. Zodiac killer is the great unanswered serial killer mystery of all time. The serial killer operated between 1960s and 1970s. He used to operate in Northern California. The killer murdered victims in San Francisco, Benicia, Lake Berryless and Vallejo between 1968 and 1969.
In light of this therefore, the department decided to carry out an analysis into the issue in order to establish the root cause of the problem. It will also give some insight into what could be bringing about the increased crime within the city. Additionally, the particular avenues and streets that seem to have the greatest numbers of crime will be analyzed.
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Ted Bundy was a serial killer, kidnapper, rapist and necrophile hailing from America. He was accountable for killing and murdering girls along with young women during the period of 1970s. He was also responsible for carrying out numerous instances of homicides that numbered 30 in several states of America throughout the period 1974-1978.
Some particular laws though local have significant impact on the international laws. Most countries require that the goods their citizens consumes are safe and of a certain quality. This therefore means that for the company to produce goods, the company has to ensure that the goods produced meet the required standards (Sitkin, & Bowen, 2013).
The first chapter of the book introduces the main concept of the whole book by discussing some of the basic terms around which the theme of the book revolves. For example, it discusses the basic meaning of crime, the ways to control crimes, and the effectiveness of crime control. Apart from this, the chapter also includes a discussion on some key issues that are deeply associated with social science research.
The paper will examine the position of national sovereignty and the prevention of military intervention as posited by UN law against humanitarian interventions. This will involve a critique of international laws, the prevention of military intervention, and the limits of military intervention in areas like humanitarian intervention.
In rulemaking, the FAA’s jurisdiction can only be countered by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), which may overrule the decision made by the administrator of the FAA. One of the rules that are applied by the FAA includes the issuance of airman certificates. Pilots are required to have medical confirmation of their physical capability.
The police officer also stated that in a similar way as the law enforcement phase of a case, there are a number of restrictions on the ability of the court to prosecute a case, including the right to counsel, the right to confront one’s accusers, the right against incriminating one’s self, and the right to a jury trial.
The 2 cases concerned in the current situation are Federal Commissioner for Taxation v Dixon and Scott v Federal Commissioner for Taxation. The main issue that arises is the income tax being payable in one case and exempted in the other. Why Dixon’s income is assessable income but Scott’s income decided to be a gift.
Since June 1999, music piracy has become more pervasive because of the introduction of a peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing program known as Napster. This problem of music piracy and copyright infringement has been further compounded by the increased use of the Internet. This state of affairs has led to increased financial losses, both at the individual and national levels.
The advent of Napster, a peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing program made music piracy more robust, easily perceptible, and famous when it got online in June 1999. Even 2 years after being shut down, other versions of P2P got created and thereby acting as a harbinger of the widespread and universal music piracy movement.
Distorting the Truth About Crime and Race, A case study Basiru o Afolabi University of Maryland University College 09/22/2013 Abstract It is critically observed that the crime rate that the African Americans committed might be an upshot of racial discrimination from the past.
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One might argue that the Department is only tasked with counter-terrorism measures but this is wrong. The Department of Homeland Security is mandated by an act of Congress to ensure that the United States of America is safe domestically. The fact that terrorism is a major threat facing not only the United States domestic security.
Different kinds of insects flock to decomposing bodies, however, the primary kinds of bugs insects found on corpses are beetles and flies. Specifically, blowflies flock to dead flesh within minutes. Fly larvae, which are referred to as maggots, do most of the eating and are largely responsible for most of the decay in a corpse.
According to the findings, it can, therefore, be said that with more than 50 companies operating within the federal and state criminal justice system, the privatization of incarceration has become a five billion dollar business. Several of these for-profit businesses include The GEO Group, PA Child Care, and Corrections Corporation of America (CCA).
The case at Ironside presents numerous conflicting interests that deserve effective and timely redress in order to normalize the operations of the organization. Stephanie Connors, just like any other employee of the organization, has specific duties as explained in her job description.
Enron Corporation was formed in the year 1985 and came up as an energy trader and supplier. During the year 2001, the company faced bankruptcy due to various reasons. It can be affirmed that the company faced bankruptcy due to the conduct of several ethical practices. Moreover, another reason for the company to face bankruptcy was due to the practice of unplanned and wrong accounting techniques.
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The debate regarding the Minimum Legal Drinking Age has captured the attention of American society for a significant period of time. This profound notion is multidimensional in nature such that it questions a range of ideologies, beliefs, and rationales that challenge the regulations which have prescribed the implementation of age-21 laws.
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In present days, growing diverse workforce has created complexities or problems between employees and organizations. Nowadays, workers increasingly demonstrate pictures of their religious idols or converse about their respective religions to the co-workers.
Therefore, a company can be liable for civil and criminal wrongs. It is treated as a natural separate person due to which, it is responsible for all acts or liability bound to it. The company, therefore, can enter into a contract in its own name and due to which it is liable for any breach of that contract, e.g. the director is considered as a natural person who acts on behalf of the company.
The investigative steps have been discussed below. 1. Employ strategic targeting-This strategy allows the investigating professionals to primarily focus on those aspects of crimes that need maximum attention (Peterson, 2013). 2. Completing the up-front backgrounds on the specified targets-This step is widely utilized for the purpose of collecting all the background information that largely seems to have relation with the occurrence of a crime or a criminal (Peterson, 2013).
Battered women’s syndrome has been considered and used in issuing verdicts. This is partly due to being accepted as admissible. However, as in the cases of children, there is a lot left to be desired. There is no scientific evidence admissible to the scholars in the field that has been presented in the cases.
This paper makes out the most logical step in crime mapping based on the prior introduction of 3D computer-aided crime mapping that enables individuals to scrutinize a crime or felony in all dimensions. Factors such as the benefits and liabilities associated with crime mapping, and ways in which 3D technology is used to deal with social problems of crime.
The first consideration that she has to make is the fact that while she may have indeed consulted the council employee on the diverse conditions that were available at her potential place of business and he gave his approval, the consultation which took place was oral and had no written records to support her claims for consultation.
12 Steps or More: Compare & Contrast Treatment Approaches Introduction Substance abuse is recognized as a process of developing a physical along with psychological dependence due to chronic and progressive disorders arising from chemical based substances. Substance abuse is also identified as one of the major healthcare concerns faced by people.
Crimes, that are all too prevalent, in modern society, from petty theft to hit and run and from sexual crimes to homicide finding the answers to questions and solving these cases. Crime solving is very much like putting together a jigsaw puzzle. You may have pieces, evidence, that doesn’t seem to connect at all, until you find the remaining pieces.
Trusts are legal bonds in which one person, the settlor, grants powers to another, the trustee, to act on his behalf, say after his death, to pass his properties to their rightful beneficiaries. In this case, the trustee bears an obligation to pass the property to the beneficiaries, either as stated by the settlor or at his own discretion.