Psychology Essays

Intellectual disability is a mental condition whereby an individual has certain limitations in their mental functions in such aspects as communication, learning and social skills. Such people may have difficulties in taking good care of themselves or learning new concepts fast due to mental retardation.

Characteristics of an Interdisciplinary Approach to Understanding Childhood and Youth. It is a fact that in the attempt by researchers to understand childhood and youth, it has become necessary for them to adopt an interdisciplinary approach because this is the only way through which such a study can be successful.

The study measured the proportion of correct responses, incongruent and non-congruent sounds, across visually and auditory oriented students. Results identify the McGurk effect within visual and auditory oriented students but not across the groups. The study concludes that preferred sensory modality does not affect the McGurk effect.

This paper draws round adolescent development incorporating psychological, cognitive and social development. The thought of identity formation is highlighted as a vital component of adolescent development. Two theories of identity development are showcased, such as Erikson’s Identity vs. Role Confusion and Marcia’s four identity classes.

The issues concerning change in human behaviors can mostly be observed in extraordinary and complex situations. It is worth mentioning that the aspects which force the humans to change their respective behaviors include societal expectations, financial limitations and prevalence of habitual actions or the commitments made towards serving others.

Sex is a problem in most religions. The body has the motivation to engage in sex, but the mind is in conflict with this urge due to the development of beliefs about the morality of sexual contact. Animals do not have this urge to regulate the morality of sex.

A research design should be written before a researcher begins the study. It gives the plan for the research project and helps the research practitioner to know beforehand what the research entails and how he or she should prepare for the task ahead (Lawrence, 2006).

The author states that some of the intriguing aspects to not only Hannah but also readers is how each aspect comprising the entire setting seems to work towards helping her in learning to use potty with ease, for instance, her Teddy who is a constant companion. Teddy, interacting with their dolls, seems to converse with its owner who is Hannah.

Schizophrenia is one such mental illness that manifests as changes in behaviour, thinking, feeling and perception (Department of Health and Ageing; Mental Health Association NSW Inc). The concept of schizophrenia (formerly dementia praecox) was introduced by the noted German Psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin who was responsible for classifying psychotic disorders (McGorry 311).

Diversity is an integral part of the community. The presence of diversity makes a community rich in culture, and values as well as in belief. Diversity can be defined as a campus-based activity that encourages different involvement of the individual as well as groups. It also refers to different parameters associated with institutional engagement.

Name: Course; Tutor: Date: Case Study Consultant: Charles B. Nemeroff Clinician: I have a patient with the symptoms I have just described. Kindly advice Charles Nemeroff: I think I understand Ms. Vega’s situation. Based on our recent research findings and verification from other researchers, your patient is suffering because of predisposal to trauma in her childhood.

They include: identifying the barriers to interpersonal interactions; using emotional intelligence; developing strategies for active, empathic, and critical listening; understanding strategies for managing interpersonal conflicts; and understanding the impact of culture and gender on interpersonal communications. Communication involves various aspects.

The content and duration of the video game play seems to maintain an important factor in whether the child, adolescent or adult figure is affected negatively based on what is witnessed in terms of aggression, bloodshed or hostility as offered by video game developers.

Thus, when we are asked to retell events that happened hours or days ago, we can be able to give details. However, not all individuals have the ability to remember all facts and event that he experienced. Memory differs from person to person.

This paper reviews the alliance of Behaviorism and the State, represented by Skinner in America and Pavlov in USSR, as indicative of “war psychologies” and contrast this with “peace psychologies” such as the Humanistic, Gestalt, and Transpersonal schools of the 1960’s that were involved with anti-war movements of the Vietnam era.

The paper tells that a strong linear correlation between variables does not equate to causality. To maintain relevance, correlation coefficients should only be utilized on two quantitative variables. As the correlation between two variables approach non-linearity, the correlation coefficient becomes smaller and the sign changes from positive to negative until it reaches zero.

This realization has led to the development of “clinical nurse leaders” (Baernholdt and Cottingham 74-78), which basically establhsies nurses as leaders and international workers who not only need to provide healthcare facilities, but also have to be endowed with management skills to function across borders (Kim et al 27-42).

For example, for an Easterner (from Japan) moving to the West (USA), there is higher stress at the onset due to language, traditions, and way of life. Assimilation follows in stress level, followed by separation and marginalization as the person learns to slowly adapt and adjust to the new environment and culture. 4. Describe the different types of social support, and contrast helpful.

Settings like schools, families, and neighborhoods were explored and numerous dimensions that affect adults and children living in these settings were analyzed. Several of these dimensions are common across these settings and have a protective, risky, or dual (protective and risky) impact on these settings.

Motivation may result from factors that are either internal or external to the individual. External motivation results from factors like incentives and rewards, as well as from the threat of punishment. The motivation experienced by the individual to act in a particular manner in the presence of an external motivator is considered relatively transient; as it is likely to cease when the external motivator is taken away (Reeve, 2009).

His grandfather and father were both church ministers at Ebenezer Baptist Church, Atlanta. They inspired Martin, who later engaged extensively in preaching. His mother was a tutor, a distinctive advantage to Martin. His mother academic inspiration made him learn how to read long before he attended school.

Sleep affects anyone regardless of status in life. Approximately 10 million people in the United States use prescription for sleep showing that a great number of people suffer from sleep disorder. Sleep can become a nightmare if its root cause is not treated.

For instance, some people regard what other cultures believe as being right or wrong. In her book, Goodman examines numerous aspects of relativism along with morality (Goodman, 2010). She, therefore, addressed numerous things seemed to be wrong by the majority.

In sociology, value neutrality is the concept that explains optimal objectivity in the interpretation of data, which in the English-speaking world loosely mean value freedom. The ideology of Value neutrality is acceptable in the field of sociology, but it is unpopular in the literary scholarship of today.

Cognition consists of numerous abilities.  Of these, intelligence, memory and language are three of the most important.  All of these cognitive abilities have an element of nature to them, as all of them also have an element of nurture to them.  Intelligence and language are more actively developed than memory is.

The behavior of an individual alters owing to different social circumstances that he or she may come across, and these experiences can start as soon as that person is born. People become skilled at familiarizing themselves with society by altering their conduct so as to cope with the rest of the world. Individuals act in different ways in the company.

Biologically, it is the function of the brain to aid the psychological process of memorizing. Relatively, we all have the same capacity of brain at the time of birth. The functioning of the brain however depends on a number of factors to determine how best a person may use his or her brain.

Why People Often Yield To Societal Pressure: Reference to Social Psychological Research on Conformity Introduction Different people form their own perceptions of various things and actions around them and this forms the basis of how they respond to them. For example, their way of dressing, perception of personal appearance, response to experiments, how they treat others, lifestyle, political opinions, among others.

Addiction and Grace Introduction Psychological and neurological studies present a more expansive definition of the term addiction which is commonly assumed by many individuals (May, 1991). According to May (1991), it is apparent that each and every person has an addiction to something which they might not be knowledgeable about.

Going beyond societal barriers and their own prejudices, they worshipped and worked together in the core of the Ku Klux Klan region in Indiana. Eighty people (black and white, young and old) left Indiana and went with Jones to California when he made prophesy that a nuclear holocaust would wipe out the entire Chicago.

Bipolar disorder manifests itself as either Bipolar I which is a typical combination of episodes of mania and sometimes depression, as Bipolar II which includes episodes of hypomania and depression or as Cyclomania in which the individual experiences swings between mild symptoms of mania and depression.

His daughter, Anna Freud extended his principles to propose five further defense mechanisms. Since then, researchers have added further to the list. Freud proposed that the personality had three essential components: the id, ego and superego. The ‘id’ is the component that generates all desires and impulses, the ‘superego’ tries to maintain moral, social and idealistic values of the individual’s actions, and the ego has to balance the conflicting demands of the id and superego to deal with reality.

Communication in a child is considered delayed when a child is perceptibly behind his or her peers in attaining speech or language skills. Sometimes, children have superior receptive skills and inferior expressive speech skills, but this is not usually the case. They understand language quickly, but they have difficulties speaking in some instances. 

Numerous definitions of addiction have been developed in the history of the condition. Freimuth (2005: 38) notes that addiction instills a mechanism in an individual where behavior that can serve both the purpose of producing pleasure and providing an escape from unpleasant internal events is entrenched. The resulting behavior becomes difficult to control.

In 2006, the National Institute of Justice researched what really happens before and after an officer becomes part of a shooting incidence. The researchers sampled and explored the physical, emotional, and psychological feelings or emotions of 80 sheriff’s deputies and officers within and after 113 cases whereby these officers shot someone.

Prioritizing activities facilitates game plans in ordinary play settings, which can help work allocation in terms of task importance. Employees must possess skills to carry out the most critical activities of their assignments with the urgency reminiscent of their importance. Games require a big deal of preparation through the cultivation of constant and resilient practice behavior.

ABBREVIATED “QUANTITATIVE” RESEARCH PLAN [Your name here] [Name of university] [Due date of paper] Introduction It is a fact that stress pervades many areas of life. Whether it is stress from relationships, school, work, or social environments, research has shown that it can have a harmful impact on mental health, productivity, physical health, performance, and decision-making ability.

Case Study: Work based learning Introduction It is often said that the learning occurs during childhood and may last until the death of a person. Within my work placement, I work in a public nursery school, with children in the range of 1 – 6. My duty is to help and assist them to do stuff that are needed for their studies, physical and intellectual development.

According to the report there are many characteristics of play that makes it nourishing for human life. Firstly, play is an end in itself as it is intrinsically motivated. Secondly, play represents freedom and choice as participants are free to choose what they want to play and are not forced to play something they do not want to play.

Psychological disorders, and antisocial/psychopathic personality disorder p 383-5 correspond to the article's content. Chapter 11: Psychological Disorders, antisocial/psychopathic personality disorder of the textbook talks of certain behaviors and characteristics of children that should be looked at in early stages to determine the risk of autism

It is often characterized as an individual’s inability to relate with physical manifestations that include “lack of eye contact, scripting or repeating language from television shows or movies, lack of imaginative play, or inflexibility with minor changes in schedule (177).

Various researches have indicated that coaches also learn a great deal by reflecting on their own practical coaching experience, therefore, such reflections have become the essential part of sports coaching education.

The influences of heredity and environment on the person’s psychological development are not explained explicitly. Many scholars who study human personality make different conclusions as to its development and these conclusions are reflected in different theories, which reject each other. Personality is the pattern of enduring characteristics.

In other terms, the said health care provider must have been thoroughly trained on the usages, strengths and the limitations of clinical hypnosis. Although a rather common clinical approach, the term clinical hypnosis has a range of definitions, depending on the prevailing circumstances or perspectives in which it is applied.

Different psychological principles are developed and used by psychologists in the creation of adverts that will appeal to viewers and make them buy the product. Among these are visuals, brain lateralization, colour contrast, motion, and use of space, among other elements. Effective advertisement leads to increased sales.

A person with a dependent personality disorder suffers from the excessive need of been taken care of this is evident from the patient's fear of separation. In the case of dependent personality disorder, a person finds difficulty in making decisions in the absence of advice and reassurance from others.

The interviewer asks questions focusing on child’s specific strengths and weaknesses in individual subjects and generalizing the level of inter-curricular skills and competences. The interview takes place without the presence of the child whose progress is being discussed. The parent uses authoritative style, his word is final and there is no compromise.

Psychology: Reaction paper Introduction This analysis has been based on the social psychology chapter of the “Introduction to Psychology” by Rod Plotnik and Haig Kouyoumdjian.This reaction paper outlines what I have learned in competency and my progression toward the goal of competent socio-psychology work practice.

Elements of cognitive development include memory, development of language, intelligence, information processing, and reasoning. Over the years, different scholars have studied cognitive development in children, and come up with varying perspectives. While some have viewed cognitive development as a universal process that is common to all people, some have considered it a continuous process.

The decision maker should make choices between prospects, which can be termed as uncertain. The expected utility can be obtained by summing up the values of the utilities expected from the outcomes and converting them to the functions of the probabilities. The EU theory can be termed crucial to the theory of economic behavior.