Philosophy Essays

The case that the book Biomedical Ethics presents is an example of a conflict of different principles. The patient, John H, has his personal reservations regarding the treatment that he prefers. He had requested no further treatment on him. John’s condition worsens, which induces him to request his doctor to do something to help him.

In this regard, the paper will base itself on the two cosmological arguments (Thomistic and the Kalam cosmological arguments) to support the existence of the uncaused cause (God). The Thomistic argument will basically be argument from motion and from the nature of efficient cause and there after the conclusion will be drawn.

While these logical fallacies may hold rhetorical appeal for an audience, as they seem to rely on strong knowledge, upon further investigation they frequently demonstrate the propensity to which society is willing to accept erroneous assumptions. In investigating such forms of argument, this essay examines the implementation of five logical fallacies in the popular media.

This argument states that even when people act in helping others, they do so because doing that makes them feel good or because they want to remove some form of pain (usually emotional pain) (Landau, 2012). Psychological egoism is different from ethical egoism which postulates that people should seek to maximize their own personal advantage (Pojman, 2011, p87).

The concept of ethical dilemma has been further elaborated as a dilemma (condition) in which moral principles that could guide the victim to recovery may not be efficient enough to suggest the correct path. The phenomenon of ethical dilemma and approaches that lead to best solutions to resolve conflicting situations can be better understood through different case studies.

He insists that history is a key requirement for life only when the ensuing processes are conducted with caution. According to Nietzsche, the current education on history teaches the youth many concepts that are un-related to the modern perception of life.

Free Will. Free will is a necessary requirement for moral responsibility. A morally responsible individual is a person who does not only do the right thing but also is accountable for his or her moral conduct. Thus, free will is the ability of persons to exercise control over their conduct in a manner necessary for moral responsibility.

Effect of Color on Culture. A given color can carry diverse meanings in different cultures. For example, orange color is a positive, life affirming and spiritual enlightening color in some cultures. However, in the United States, the same color is associated with road hazards, fast food restaurants and delay of traffics.

Understanding ten debates between the Epicureans and the Stoics and determine which of the two arguments is plausible in the understating philosophy of life, it is vital the each of these philosophical aspects are understood well and their applications determined.

With this paper I wish to share my experience of having been at the receiving end of a similar experience. While the incident left me scarred, it also made me realize different techniques that can be used to counsel other women going through a tough phase in their marital life.

The researcher would like to assert that it is theoretically possible that the Universalizability test can produce a reliable moral test based on a true maxim and not an observed maxim. However, on a practical basis, there is a high likelihood of the test producing invalid results due to the possibility of having false positives and false negatives.

America was at the peak of its prosperity and enjoyed unsurpassed power in the world stage. However, the human rights record of America was greatly objectionable. There was a wide scale discrimination against the blacks. The racial segregation was followed as a covert policy by the American Government, this was largely to do with the sentiment that , if the blacks attained higher levels of education and gained access to better amenities that were at par with the Whites, that could led to disastrous consequences for the whites.

This self-realization or the revelation of the secret of life forced him view death as a dilemmatic situation in life. On the other side, the movie Ikiru by Akira Kurosawa deals with the passionate life and enlightenment of Kanji Watanabe, the protagonist.

Accordingly, utilitarian approach therefore does not take into account the consequences of the action if the same action results into greater good for the greatest number of people. Utilitarian approach is significant in the sense that it provides an ethical outline of justice and how it could be achieved.

The principle of the elenchus is based on the premise that the truth cannot be taught and can only be recollected. The elenchus is a form of “refutation” and, based on its trial-and-error nature, possesses a “negative function” akin to clearing out mental clutter in order to recognize the truth.1 This is basically the same as asking one logical questions until he is able to realize the truth of the matter, which he previously has not realized.

A Critique of Taylor's concept of Multiculturalism in Relation to Nation Building Introduction Culture is defined as the way a group of people live and it encompasses the norms, values and distinct social features1. To Taylor, culture is the standards of authentic individual and collective self expression amongst a group of people2.

He had read about the creation of this country and American regime and their religious believes. But as soon as he came here he saw a changed scenario. The industrial revolution had bought changes in the country affecting the mind of each individual. Things had changed from mysticism to materialism.

Gilles Deleuze (2001) has elaborated the Leibniz’s doctrine in his famous fold theory where he defines the Baroque as an operative function that is endlessly producing folds. The operative function, according to him, takes place on two scales, i.e. the pleats of matter and the folds of the soul. The author finds strong relationship between the two.

It is widely agreed upon that a nuclear war, if it happens, would produce this result. The threat that stronger nations pose to the sovereignty of smaller nations is also one of the greatest problems that faces mankind at this point of time in history. For the purpose of acquiring resources and also for the age-old purpose of conversions, countries may turn loose aggression on countries that may be unable to defend themselves from such an onslaught.

With its many subsidiaries, the company endeavors to be a leader in the telecommunication business by offering efficient, effective and high quality wireless services and products to its customers. The wireless services of the company majorly include provision of fast and reliable internet for its customers.

 The development of modern economics, sociology, and journalism have been instigated by various philosophers from developed and developing countries. One of the notable philosophers who has significantly contributed in the three fields is Karl Marx. Being a German philosopher, Karl Marx established Marxism theory which argues.

Skinner’s belief is definitely empirical in nature and that it specifies we can only know about what we can observe. So Skinner suggests that it is better for us to understand trends in order to predict things especially on the context of predicting human behavior.

The definitions of love for Beauvoir, Freud, Goldman, and Morgan are shaped by the attitude of these authors to the questions of family, as well as individual and social benefit. All these of writers are not satisfied with the state of affairs; they believe that love is not merely an ideal or a construct, but a working behavioral model.

It is hard to believe the sheer number of technological advances as the human race has made within the past few decades. However, like any type of advancement, the price of this technological advancement has been an explosion of comfort and consumption oriented industries; not the least of which is that of “fast food”.

shores. Since then, tobacco smoking has remained a big issue all over the world as one rarely finds a house not afflicted by smoking in the modern times (McVeigh and Wolfer, 2004). There has been a growing concern regarding the addictive nature of smoking prompting some people to argue that smoking should be prohibited in public places.

According to the paper a major reason for the controversy surrounding this topic is lack of clarity and agreement on definitive parameters, due to assorted political agenda on all sides. Parameters are roughly distributed around the following categories: desegregation, multiculturalism, and cultural relativism/social justice. Diversity education requires more than the presence of assorted skin color and assorted ethnic identity, Social class, religion, parenting styles, and family composition, for example, do not always follow color lines.

This essay discusses determinism, compatibilism, and libertarianism. Discussion whether human action is pre-determined or is as a result of free will started ancient time and until today no concrete solution has been obtained. Free will, choice, liberty, and determination are terms that seem similar yet different in philosophical meaning.

Zero Dark Thirty Film: An Analysis. Cinema, since the time of its initiation, has been inspired from the contemporary lifestyle. During the war stricken world, Hollywood never stepped aside to depict the gruesome and horrified war-time situations across the world, particularly in America.

The poets unified the efforts of the African Americans in demanding for equal rights in the society. Harlem Renaissance Poets Introduction Harlem Renaissance started after mass migration of African Americans from the South states to Harlem (Reid, 2001). The Renaissance started in 1920s and entailed new cultural identity awareness and emergency of Black identity (Reid, 2001).

This paper describes three individual stereotypes and their effects on others. I have had a number of stereotypes and these have negative consequences on others. First, I believe that all fat people are selfish. This has been attributed to the fat that fat individuals love food and therefore will strive to get heavy chunks of meals no matter what.

It also suggests what the paper aims to achieve. Mackie’s presentation of the argument from evil: This section basically explores Mackie’s rejection of coexistence between God and evil based on three major propositions. Answers to the problem section explore responses to Mackie’s claim in the argument from evil.

This paper explores the ontological perspectives of Kant and Descartes. Kant’s own ontological argument is both congruent with ancient teachings and also sets the stage so beautifully for modern physics. Descartes drew a distinction between the existence argument for God and the existence argument for objects, and distinguished between ontological necessity and logical necessity.

There is also a need for a means of resolving truths whenever declarations are made, worth in the case of assessments and correctness in the case of actions. Thomas Pierce is one person who deserves to be credited for pragmatism. In his essay, “How to make our ideas clear,” Pierce brings out one of the earliest but the best formulations of the pragmatic criterion.

Set in Italy in the aftermath of World War II, the film provides penetrating insight into the everyday lives of the masses at the time. In order to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the film and the themes it experiments with, we must first understand the purpose and concept behind neo-realist cinema.

This has been received with mixed reaction by people and many have moral inhibitions towards this progress. This may be because of religious biasness or simply the notion that it is wrong to take over natures work. This paper seeks to understand the moral theories that help to explain how an act is defined as right or wrong.

Morality outlines that which the society has generally accepted and consequently perceives it to be right. Definition of morality varies across social groups, and what is perceived to be right in one society may be wrong to another. In other words, the morals of one society may constitute immorality to another.

Isaac Asimov explored the idea within his novel I, Robot in which the concept of sentience was examined against a backdrop of slavery and tyranny in the relationship between the creator and the created. In exploring the idea of creating artificial intelligence, the object of creation becomes a focus of the philosophy of what it means to have independent thought.

The author states that although there are no exact records of the births and deaths of ancient personalities, yet Aristotle’s notes transferred to his sculpture demonstrate that he was born in 384 B.C. in Stagira. Aristotle’s biographical records also declare Aristotle as the member of an educated Macedonia family.

A Critique on What Determines Humanity and Right to Life Introduction The author of this article supports abortion and bases the argument on the characterization of a person as human or not on the moral sense. I disagree with the author’s perspective due to the inconsistent and biased way the article accords the traits that dictate if an entity is human on the moral sense.

The article The Price of Beauty is too High connotes the current affair of objectification of beauty, and in particular the present stare of women’s objectification (Berger 10-23). We live in a new epoch that is typified by consensual objectification on the measurement of beauty and the appropriation of supposed beauty agencies for the societal pleasure in the media images.

By change, Pieper means that man has excelled in servile arts which is good because it has helped the society develop technologically. However, this advancement in servile arts has occurred on the compromise of sustenance or advancement of the liberal arts, which is the reason why man today has forgotten the real meaning of leisure and lacks spirituality.

According to ancient philosophy, Epicurus was an ancient philosopher that lived between two hundred and seventy one and three hundred and forty one B.C. He founded his school of philosophy in Athens where he spent most of his life. Epicurus was a philosopher who related the aspect of pleasure with good and the aspect of bad with pain concerning living. This concept became Hedonism, a Greek word meaning pleasure.

What does it mean to act morally? Piaget’s, 1975, and Haidt’s, 1978, theories are based on psychology and analytical reasoning. These theories provide the scientific background required for analyzing the moral issues. The current study proposes an integrated approach for evaluating the moral issues in contemporary societies.

Behavior is the action or reaction of a person in response to external or internal stimulations (cause). E.g. manners, anger, love etc. Behavior refers particularly to the way a person behaves in response to others.

The Inside Job The Inside Job is an American documentary directed by Charles Ferguson and produced by Charles Ferguson and Audrey Marrs. The documentary runs for 108 minutes and was released in 2010. Sony Pictures Classics was the company responsible for its distribution.

The present study discusses on the argument presented by Aristotle regarding human function and how it failed to stand against the criticisms raising several questions (Pritchett). Aristotle’s function argument failed to stand alone against the criticisms and questions raised on his arguments in relation to the human function he focused on owing to lack of evidence and focusing more on common beliefs instead of proving his premises.

Feminism is all about questing to establish equivalent opportunities for women in training and occupation-wise with the feminists advocating for their rights and equality. The feminist movements’ main objectives are about understanding the nature of gender inequality by evaluating women’s roles in the society and lived experience which in result has developed theories in order to respond to issues such as the social construction of sex and gender.

The origin of man still remains a phenomenon as scientists and religious concepts seem to differ in belief and explanations. The two conflicting parties disagree in almost every aspect thus posing the question that cannot be explained without choosing a side to believe.

Examples of moral virtues are humility, truthfulness, moderation, and generosity. On the other hand, intellectual virtues are those personality traits that are required for correct thinking and desired action. He classified intellectual virtues as productive such as craft knowledge, theoretical such as wisdom and mind and lastly practical such as practical prudence.

It would be a surprising fact to explain that the real happiness in this world only comes from the right knowledge of the world and the self. All human beings have the desire for knowledge but if real knowledge is not connected with outside world.