Medical science Essays

The solar disinfection of water at the point of consumption is recommended by Conroy et al. (2001, p.293) as “an important first-line response to cholera outbreaks” and to reduce the risk of water-borne infection among children younger than six years of age. This intervention requires readily available minimal resources.

From the utilitarian view point right actions are those that result in the most beneficial balance of good over bad consequences for everyone involved in the process. In their view, utilitarian advocates the stem cell research because of the tremendous benefits that it would provide to millions of people afflicted with diseases worldwide.

Looking out for alternative measures and substitutes would work to help illegal donations come to an end (Cohen 15). Artificial substitutes for tissues and organs would prove vital in this case. Advanced technology has helped generate tissues that make false teeth, synthetic lenses and many more. Though it’s a costly alternative, it would serve to cut the shortage of these organs.

So many challenges come up on mentioning euthanasia, coercion, loss of autonomy, the difficult to enforce and monitor all work to the disadvantage of euthanasia. The technical aspect of euthanasia will disapprove in most cases the practice, this is in consideration of diagnostic errors and medical advancements in curing conditions initially considered terminal.

After exposure to the antioxidant, the bacteria will be plated to selective nutrient agar plates laced with antibiotics, fusidic acid, and mupirocin. The number of antibiotic-resistant colonies that have survived will be counted and adjusted to the viable cell count, which has been simultaneously determined.

Modern diagnostic medical laboratories have state of the art automated instruments leading to efficiency and reducing human errors in most of the diagnostics (Davidson and Mike 10). Consequently, technicians have been required to study the theoretical, technical, and technological aspects of the career. 

Some people view human genetic modification as a technique that offers hopes of futuristic therapy and fantastic human enhancement. There are those that have fears that it will create a world where eugenics is commonplace, and the human genome is corrupted (Frankel & Chapman 02). Consequently, such contradicting views have elicited a raging debate over the bioethics of conducting HGM.

Energy metabolism refers to the process of energy generation from various nutrients. It encompasses a series of interlinked pathways that tend to function either in the absence or presence of oxygen. The aerobic metabolism usually converts a single glucose molecule into various molecules. There are also countless chemical reactions that often take place within various cells.

As medical science evolved, nurses are faced with an increasing number of tasks from communication, technical, clinical and even administrative. As the roles that nurses play increase, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) issued the Code of Professional Conduct ( NMC, 2002) which provided guidance on the scope of a nurse's practice and the degree of integrity entailed.

It is quite important to state that in medical practice, the health care team must bear in mind that the sign for applying technology is not the plain accessibility of that technology. Rather, clinicians should have evidently defined goals as well as endpoints of therapy in mind when relating such therapy. 

Joe Hogan, the President, and CEO of GEMS were expected to decide for himself if he should alter the Global Product Company (GPC) concept launched by his successful predecessor while dealing with the pressures of rapidly evolving healthcare technologies. GPC was set up to cut costs, by shifting the design, engineering and production activities from high-cost countries to low-cost countries. 

According to this paper, it is clear that metals where formerly considered to be those elements which had a metallic luster and were good conductors of heat and electricity; this is still the standard adopted by the average person, to whom metals are not merely elements such as iron, copper, or gold but also the great class of alloys including such materials as steel, brass, bronze, pewter, or cast iron.  

The newly available as the debate on the have given rise to legal and moral conundrums that have not been sufficiently resolved.  Just as the debate on the broader implications of genetic technology continues, the number of patients willing to avail of the technology is also on the rise. Such trends are witnessed here in the United Kingdom, as elsewhere in the industrialized world.

In general, the GMC guidelines “Withholding and Withdrawing life-prolonging treatments: Good Practice in decision making ” (the Guidelines 2) assert that where a parent successfully overrides refusal of treatment and gives consent, this consent cannot be vetoed by another person with parental responsibility.

Tablets are solid dosage forms usually prepared with the aid of suitable pharmaceutical excipients. The excipients can include binders, glidants (flow aids) and lubricants to ensure efficient tableting; disintegrants to promote tablet break-up in the digestive tract; sweeteners or flavors to enhance taste, and pigments to make the tablets visually attractive.

It is essential to state that it is very imperative that sufficient training related to tracheal intubation should be given to paramedics, which should be accompanied by continuous practical experience, which is lacking currently due to a number of risks associated with the method of airway management.

Generall, the court’s approach to the standard of care in medical negligence cases differs to other negligence cases and the Bolam test defined the standard of care as being “of the ordinary skilled man exercising and professing to have that special skill, a man need not possess the highest expert skill ”.

It is quite essential to state that the paper discussed some of the significant aspects of two specific techniques: Spectrophotometry and Immunoassay (Immunochemistry). It is an expectation that the paper will be beneficial for students, teachers, and professionals in better understanding of the topic.

Cannabis is one of the most abused drugs among young adults aged between 16 and 24 years in Europe. Notably, cannabis use leads to adverse psychological, social, and mental health problems. However, certain addiction and behavioral theories like the Prime theory and the Transtheoretical Model may help us in addressing cannabis dependence.

Generally speaking, it is expected that the clinical applications of flow cytometry and gel electrophoresis technologies to clinical medicine will continue to expand and provide a greater understanding of the molecular basis of disease, as well as the clinical screening and management human diseases.

It is recommended that the safety measures are necessarily taken so as to reduce the risks of radiography and produce effective results of it. In conclusion it can be said that radiography is a successful process which should be still followed but with immense care so that the lives of patients are not affected.

Oftentimes, children who have been diagnosed with ADHD are slow to develop social skills and may have poor grades in school. It is estimated that one-quarter of children with ADHD have a learning disorder.

Both metabolites lack neurotoxicity under normal conditions. Concomitant exposure of the cultures under oxygen-glucose deprivation, to a combination of either selegiline and -methamphetamine or rasagiline and 1-R-aminoindan, indicated that -methamphetamine, but not 1-R-aminoindan, blocked the neuroprotective effect of the parental drug (46).

This new system takes the information from ambulance crews for the formation of possible decisions. In this new system, the physical working and handling factors were removed to make the decision automatically and quickly. The new system of the London Ambulance Service has been implemented with a lot of potential opportunities.

The use of laboratory mice to test the use of the tumor suppressors showed that success could be achieved with other animal species. It was scientifically proven through numerous tests and long periods of observation that the modifications carried out were a success. Chimpanzees are mammals, which implies that they could have different genetic makeup.

The deadly nature of cancer has propagated various research studies to find out the effective treatment that would curb the resultant deaths in humans. HeLa cervical cancer cells drawn from Henrietta Lacks in 1951 and preserved in the laboratory have been used by various researchers on cancer treatment as an in vitro cancer cell model.

Signals from activins are vital in differentiation as well as regulating the proliferation of cells and apoptosis in tissues. Follistatin and FLRG help in keeping the activins signals in balance at various points of their signaling pathway by binding the secreted activins and making them incompatible with their surface receptors. 

Kelly (1988, pg.34) gave a detailed description of the urine composition: organic and inorganic constituents, physical and chemical properties, and its behavior in various circumstances. Urine is made up of more than 25% water, urea 9039/l, potassium 0.750g/l, chloride 1.87g/l, sodium 1.17g/l, and other dissolved ions and compounds (Putman, 1997, pg 5).

The body depends on the production of urine for the removal of waste products (Randal, Burggren, French & Eekert, 2002). This process is vital for the body to maintain health. urine is composed of various elements including water, electrolytes, and waste products filtered from the bloodstream (Fischbach, & Dunning, 2008).

The prevention of new infections was estimated to be about 25,000 for HIV and 21,000 for hepatitis C. With the prevention is better than cure policy, the government saved approximately 2.4 to 7.7 billion dollars in treatment costs. This shows clearly that the prevention of these infections has saved more than 20 times the money that could have been used for HIV treatment alone.

Poor diet or lack of enough food can lead to malnutrition that may lead to rising in poor health, vulnerability to diseases, delayed recovery from infections, and injury. A deficiency in minerals and vitamins influences almost every body organ, digestive system, and diminishes the functioning of organs along with mental processes. 

The title of the study is "Bowel preparation for excretory urography is not necessary: a randomized trial." The title does reflect the content and also the method of the study as described below. All the 3 authors are radiologists with specialization in radiology, belonging to the Department of Radiology, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden.  

Chemical dependency is a growing problem in society that is affecting an increasing number of people. While the occasional experimentation with illegal substances is common for people, it brings up an entirely new set of problems when it occurs within a patient. Since the patient is given this medication by a doctor, he or she will often believe that it is acceptable to take as much as needed.

The patient is browbeaten into consent through the input of information giving oriented towards the procedure. Leino-Kilpi, et al, 2003 point out that such attitudes among nursing professionals arise from the lack of importance given by the nursing professionals to the values of the patient, on what they respect, and what they believe constitutes good nursing care.

The study by Giglia and Binns looked at women from two public hospitals within Perth and the women were given a baseline questionnaire to complete. The questions were repeated when they were discharged and the women were followed up with phone interviews up to a year after the delivery of their children.

The quantity of crystals formed grows with supersaturation while the size of crystals shrinks. However, low supersaturations or controlled cooling, as we mentioned earlier produced large crystals, and bioavailability of a drug is maintained when supersaturation of a growth medium is controlled (Thompson 2003, p.18).

Allicin is involved in vasodilating activity within the vascular bed. In addition, within a meta-analysis on the impact of garlic in reducing blood pressure, it was shown that the general collective variation within systolic and diastolic blood pressure in comparison to baseline measures was higher within subjects that were treated with garlic. 

Day-to-day heart complications gave me the need to conduct this medical experiment. It is medically important for everyone to check the blood pressure to avoid heart complications. Blood pressure (BP) is one of the primary vital signs. It refers to the force that is exerted by blood circulation against the walls of blood vessels.

The paper "H1N1 Bringing into Consideration Its History, Transmission, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment" is a perfect example of medical science coursework. Diseases come with different varieties (strains), which each affecting human race differently (CDC, 2010). One such disease is the swine influenza sometimes called pig influenza, which is a strain of influenza that is commonly endemic in pigs (Trifonov 119).

The most essential way of prevention of bone mineral through osteopenia or osteoporosis loss is exposure to appropriate exercises. Most studies using specific bone-loading exercises have shown substantial increases in bone density at the specific sites loaded, but elderly people seem incapable of responding favorably to vigorous exercise.

In golf, the muscles used range from those in the upper limbs, the trunk, and the lower limbs. The movement of muscles is aimed at developing momentum. Propelling of the golf ball to the desired target is facilitated by the provision of momentum. To achieve momentum, an effective swing requires the coordination of muscles to generate enough power to hit the ball.

As science learns more about the communication system of neurons, efforts to correct these problems will intensify. Already there are many drugs available that can alter activity at the synapse. Correcting these errors can also lead to methods for the treatment of mental diseases. Clearly, the nervous system of the human body is of the highest importance.

The paper "Should Google Organize Your Medical Records" is a great example of a medical science assignment. In this case, we are having a lot of aspects regarding corporate information and data. In this chapter main ideas and concepts demonstrated are based on corporate information handling and management.

Studies to compare the benefits of non-drug interventions as compared to drug interventions were carried out on 33 studies that involved a total of 3800 patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The studies classified the three treatment approaches as activity-based interventions, caregiver training, and emotion-oriented interventions. 

Genetics of pain needs to be integrated into pharmacogenetics so as to achieve the best outcomes. A person’s experience of pain makes a difference just like the stimulus intensity with regards to nociceptive sensitivity. Drug prescription in the future may depend on the patient’s genotype if at all genetic basis underlies pain expression.

The weber test is used to help determine whether a unilateral hearing loss is due to sensorineural or conductive aetiologies. It is a lateralization test and it is based on patient identification of sound direction. They are required to indicate the direction from which a sound appears to be coming from which is also the sound source.

An individual is considered to be obese when their weight is more than 20% of the normal weight. This state of the medical condition has a number of physical as well as negative psychological health consequences (Singh et al., 2008). Obesity is said to occur when an individual consumes excess calories than they can actually burn.

“Fibrillation is an uncontrolled twitching or quivering of muscle fibers (fibrils). When it occurs in the lower chambers of the heart, it is called ventricular fibrillation. During ventricular fibrillation, blood is not pumped from the heart. Sudden cardiac death results” (Ventricular Fibrillation).

The paper 'Epidemiological Analysis in Malaria Program Implementation" is a good example of a medical science case study. Malaria kills over one million people globally each year, and other studies suggest the number to be 2.7 million people dying from the epidemic each year (WHO, 2008). From the WHO reports, approximately 90% of Malaria caused deaths globally in a year happen where malaria programs are inadequate.

Toxins cause neuropathic pain in the body especially if they are not completely cleared by the kidneys. The activity of toxins in the body is dependent on chemical components as well as a mode of action. Therefore, toxins whose mode of action is in blocking neurotransmitters which play roles in ensuring that nerve activity is sustained.