Law Essays

As the paper highlights the environmental protection agency was thus required to create a minimum national standards for quality of air. Further the Act mandated the Agency to assign the primary obligation to the states ensure standards compliance. The nonattainment areas are to implement particular air pollution control measures. 

The author claims that most even economically progressive and advanced countries like Argentina, Brazil, Peru and Venezuela have problems. Far poorer countries like Columbia, Ecuador, or Bolivia are countries which are among the poorest in the world and secondary only to African countries and countries of Asia like Vietnam, Laos or Cambodia.

Using regulation, the government’s policy would be to promote organizational change. This will facilitate the transition of technological change into productivity gains that will ensure organizational changes and as such, raise flexibility (OECD, 1996). These changes shall be achieved through financial, information and competition changes.

This paper talks about rational choice theory that can be used to explain the high rates of crimes in areas characterized by poverty, unemployment, school dropouts, and divorce among others in many ways. The theory notes that the offenders are willing to do all that they can to obtain money, sex, status and any other thing that can make them happy.

It is evident that the current law is unnecessarily complex and in need of modernisation.

The word asylum means protection given to someone by a country, who are fleeing persecution in their own country. It is given under the 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees Britain is one of the prominent secular democratic countries in the world which gives human rights, liberty and freedom more value than anything else.

There are three phases of the detecting process including interrogation, testimony, and investigation. It is evident that the acceptability of deception differs conversely with the stage of the criminal process in case there is placing of these three phases within the structure of a broad portrait of the moral cognition of the police officer.

At the onset, it must be established that the Blueberry District Council is a public body, having derived its powers and mandate from the Local Government Act 1972 and the Licensing Act 2003. Having established that, there are provisions in the Human Rights Act 1998 which may be used by Estelle and Gary to challenge Conditions four and five of the Council letter. This is notwithstanding the Public Order Act of 1986 which in Section 5 deals with “Harassment, Alarms or Distress”.

The paper argues that Dworkin’s assertion that there is no judicial discretion fails. It concludes that if judges do have discretion in reality, it is possible for one to discern that discretion enters the picture in hard cases without recourse to positivist tenets.

According to the report the offender is encouraged to accept responsibility for what was done and efforts are made to make amends. This contrasts with the typical way a case is handled. Attorneys usually do all the speaking for both sides; the offender is not encouraged to take responsibility; and no attempt is made to restore the offender to the community.

According to the report Mr. James and Mr. Mendoza enjoyed a civil partnership which is “a relationship between two people of the same sex. While tenancy laws specified under the Rent Act apply to heterosexual couples, Mr. Mendoza sought the court’s intervention to make them universally applicable to married and unmarried homosexual couples in the U.K.

In order for a contract to be valid, “there must be a definite offer mirrored by a definite acceptance.”1 In the case of Harvey v Facey2 a telegram sent by Facey confirming price was deemed not to be an offer3, however in the instant case, the Buyer (Tom) has made a definite offer to purchase the hydraulic jack system for the price listed in the brochure while the Seller (Max) has orally agreed to supply the goods at the agreed list price of 28,000 pounds.

At that time, the name of the country was changed from the Sudan to the Republic of Sudan. In 1989, there was another military coup in which the present military regime overthrew the

When articles of personal property are permanently affixed to land, they may become fixtures. As such, they are considered a part of the real estate and become subject to any charge on the property.

Again, society assumes that laws are established to protect victims and punish criminals. Most citizens assume that everyone who comes to trial has acted immorally, though we are supposed to assume that someone is “innocent until proven guilty.”

The current version of the Civil Rights Act 1964 and 1991 have their roots in the Civil Rights Act 1865 which sought to prevent such discrimination and was later on supplemented by the Civil Rights Act of 1871 to include public vacancies based on constitutional rights of the ethnic minorities and races.

According to the report while the neighborhood of Montréal North descended into violence and chaos following the death, the Canadian public watched and waited for a judicial response to the claim of unlawful police behavior and potential criminal homicide. The police must remain accountable for their actions in a modern democratic society.

Under the Employment Relations Act 1999, Unions have an Obligatory stand in Britain. The employers and the Unions have full right to come to voluntary agreements. However, the Central Arbitration Committee has the power to enforce actions relative to the bargaining of an hour of work, wages or holidays.

As the global economy is living through its worst crisis for about 90 years many changes are happening. The researcher of this essay discusses one of the most important changes, that are changes in mentality, spending patterns, accountability, reporting depending on the current status of procurement activities of the candidate company.

The paper presents the justice system and policing in the UAE. The public security of UAE is headed by the Ministry of Interior who has the overall responsibility for law, public security, and order. The national police who are under the Ministry of Interior are responsible for maintaining public order, preventing and investigating crimes committed.

There are many cases of wrongful convictions when innocent persons served time for several years with some of them eventually executed but their innocence has been proven after a careful re-examination of the evidence against them. It is regrettable that these things do sometimes happen but it is all part of the risks that society has to take.

Under probation, a convict is allowed into the society but is subjected to supervision by an appointed authority. The probation prescribes the convicts expected conducts during the probation period. A large number of probates, however, overwhelms supervisors. Intermediate sanctions provide more strict conditions and supervision on convicts.

For example, if John orders McCain to throw grenade attacks in the middle of a town, then John is guilty of crimes of solicitation. Just like al-Qaida in their minute groupings, their team head is guilty of solicitation. Most people are paid to recruitment and their families are compensated in the case of anything like death.

Through the application of rules and regulations in the society, man has led an extremely civilized way. It is of the essence to indicate that law refers to a system of organized rules that govern a society and prevent the likelihood of occurrence of chaos, through the provision of threats of punishment, in the case of breaching a law.

Sixty-seven patients or 78% who participated and completed the program were reported to experience significant reduction on self-reported violent attitudes and anger which is a confirmation that patients’ cognitive skills are improved in treatments and when they complete the reasoning and rehabilitation program.

To claim that denying the legalization of same sex marriage is a violation of human rights,one must first prove that same-sex marriage is one of the rights protected by the Constitution.Marriage by its vary nature,is heterosexual,thus,policies limiting marriage to the union between one man and one woman do not violate the Equal Protection Clause

It is good to target retired workers since they will provide experience and skills in the work they do. Because of the need to address the issue of retirement, the office of the personnel management has been on forefront calling for a removal of financial penalty for federal retirees who desire to return to federal or government office.

The key topic of the paper is that human rights are a fundamental right that facilitates the human race to cater for their needs. However, several humankind groups have exploited the Right to Work in negative ways. Indeed, labor trafficking is mainly centralized in countries with low income or high poverty levels such as Ukraine (Ball & Hampton 11).

The research paper discusses that the corruption levels of a country are determined by the country’s human capital and GDP, as well as the degree of political and market competition present in that state. There is no empirical evidence that is convincing about the reduction of corruption among officials through the influence of competition.

An express trust is established purposely by the settlor for the benefit of a beneficiary, and it arises due to the declaration of trust by the settlor. As held in Evin v Blake (1995), the disposition is not only related to equitable interest in land but also relate to equitable interest in personality.

Law constitutes a set of rules that govern the conduct of an affair in a given community. According to Simpson (2011), law encompasses various rules of conduct and standards prescribed by authorities for governing and regulating relations between members of a particular community or state.

In general, the plaintiff must have been in danger zone of defendant negligent act and final principle that the court used is that the dispute must have been foreseeable that the defendant's negligence would have caused defendant negligent conduct would have caused the plaintiff of this case emotional harm.

Parliamentary Sovereignty can be regarded as a tightly knit conception that is based on three fundamental ideas. The first of these ensures that no fundamental law is permanent, and at the discretion of Parliament can be amended as required. The second idea is instrumental in establishing the supremacy of Parliament over the executive.

The largest proportion of trafficked humans involves women, which could involve transfer across or within state boundaries. Most of them end up in slavery-like conditions, servitude, or debt bondage, as a result. Trafficking in women has been driven by demand for services they offer, whether coerced or voluntary, primarily in the sex industry.

As the report declares CPS is charged with making the decision of whether to charge a person with a criminal offence. It is also mandated with establishing the kind of offence a person should be charged with. The introduction of CPS came as a result of public cry that investigations of a case should be done independently from prosecution.

As the report declares criminal cases should be looked at in different perspectives so as to critically examine the crime, the criminal and the underlying circumstances that led to the felony. Many people get punished for crimes they probably did for good reasons, in the broad perspective of, just to make ends meet.

A self-employed contractor is an individual who is really carrying on a business for themselves if he or she assumes accountability for the failure or success of the business and is either a staff or an employee of the business. Thus, a self-employed contractor is somebody who is a sole trader and not employed through a service company or through their own limited company.

The researcher states that the Act has faced a lot of challenges in the courtrooms due to different interpretations. In the drafting of future laws, there is a need for the lawmakers to be specific as they draft the laws. The law was not so effective in that the interpretations made it weaker. For example, the Act did not stipulate how much evidence was required so as to prove a conspiracy.

The Donoghue v Stevenson case is one of the most important cases as it set precedents that have been used in negligence law. The case involves the plaintiff, Donoghue, who on 26th August 1928, went to a restaurant with a friend, who embarked on purchasing ginger beer, which was packed in a sealed opaque bottle

Everyday police officers face different challenges and experiences that expect them to make decisions on how to handle the situation individually without involving additional advice or immediate supervision, and this is the heart of police discretion. In law enforcement, Hassell and Archbold (2010) argue that the police officer has the mandate to make judgments or reasonable decisions within certain legal bounds.

Lastly, tribunal always consults with parties before ordering interim measures but sometimes they may not if parties fail to agree.

This paper discusses juvenile corrections as a point of contact in the juvenile justice system through explaining how it is trained to address the needs of such a wide range of ages in juveniles including who provides what specific training, and the resources that the juvenile corrections lack to deal with this diversity of youth.

According to the report there are several obstacles that students have been experiencing currently with respect to studies in higher education system. International students majorly experience issues related to language, personal barriers, culture, financing the education and working along with continuation of studies.

The term Privatization has several meanings. It is the transfer of some sort from the government to the private sector. It is the transfer of government-owned organizations to the private sector, either to a business making profits or even not-for-profit organizations. This term also refers to the sale of shares in government-owned industries.

In 1787, the leaders of state decided to make a new constitution, a set of rules and regulations regarding a nation. They wanted a strong government, one which would be fair to everyone and would not abuse its power by protecting the rights of all citizens. They decided to come up with three different branches of the government.

Before any citizen (especially in America) may be tried and convicted of any criminal activity. However, a security officer may observe an illegal act personally: for instance driving a car while under drug or alcohol influence that may cause an accident on the highway and other traffic offenses are typically considered to be firsthand.

It is evident that International Law functions through the United Nations, Security Council, International Court of justice, International Labor Organisation, General Assembly, International Law Commission etc. These Organizations are represented by eminent persons of member nations who works for Global welfare.

David Harris was the Samaritan. On the same evening, a police officer stopped the car since it was traveling with no headlights. As the officer headed towards the window, a hand from the comet pulled out a revolver shot him six times killing him on the spot.

In this regard, in the current practice of the judicial system, it has often been identified that the inferior courts apply and make judgements based on the legal principles formulated as well as implemented by higher courts in previous instances.

The Court of Appeal is the second level in the hierarchy. Its rulings are binding on courts directly beneath it. The third level is the Divisional Courts. These courts function as appeal courts where in judges of the High Court work (Robinson, 1997, p. 81).