Finance & Accounting Essays

The third type of intangible assets includes payments made to the owners of hotels for securing the management contracts as discussed above. The payments made to these owners are recognized as capital expenditures and following a straight-line method, they are amortized over a period of ten years (InterContinental Hotels Group, 2011).

During 2012 the net income of AT&T was $11,318 million. It’s net income increased by 5% during 2012. The net margin of a company shows the profitability of the business (Besley & Brigham, 2000). The net margin of a company is calculated dividing net income by total sales.

Institutional investment is an investment related to organized institutions. Such institutions are caretakers of others’ equities and private holding investments. The role of institutions is deliberate as they set a system of organizing, developing and managing respective funds.

1. Defining value versus growth stocks in ‘Rethinking Stock Returns.’ The scholars Fama and French define value stocks as those stocks that have low ratios of book values to the market value. Fama says that the intuition of value stocks is in the stocks having relatively low prices to their book value that leads to the market feeling their relative distress.

They can also be confused to be related because of the presence of an unseen or confounding factor. Spurious correlation or relationship is in most cases something that results from a third factor that is not visible or apparent at the time when the experiment or examination was done. The term spurious is derived from Latin origin.

Nevertheless, there is one approach that absolutely never fails to enhance after-tax earnings, and yet it is so frequently ignored: long-term or enduring investing, so you can get lasting capital gains and tax treatment. The best long-standing investments are always in the life insurance field (Oviatt 19).

The numerous reasons for the manipulation of the numbers and managing them can be: Increase the share prices Impress the investors Issuing right shares Incentive based remunerations Misappropriation of assets and income etc. One of the numerous incidents that the world has seen is that of the Enron which laid the foundation of creative accounting which is also better known as manipulation and managing the numbers.

Accounting & Finance, Information Tools 1. Explaining each ratio trend whether the ratio or trend indicates strength of the company; a likely weakness, threat, or emerging problem; or a satisfactory condition that management should not view as a strength or weakness Company G current ratio declined from 1.86 in 2011 to 1.79 in 2012 indicating company weakness in at fulfilling creditor’s obligation.

32). Since the performance management field is usually complex, researchers have come up with simplified settings to facilitate analysis. Even though, the simplified approach has been so beneficial in the analysis of performance of a business, it poses several disadvantages.

Al Waleed bailed out Citibank with an initial investment of $550 million, an investment that has grown to about $1 billion currently. In 1997, AlWaleed was reported to have owned about 5% of News Corporation - a stake that had grown to about 7% in 2010. In February 1991, Alwaleed bought new preferred shares amounting to about $590 million.

Global financial institutions such as the World Bank offer credit facilities to nations through which many countries have been in a position to realize development and to facilitate development projects, which are rather challenging for sovereign countries to realize without the loan facilities.

The adoption of the ethical standards in the professional practice of financial planning ensures a high quality practice in the area of financial planning. It demonstrates the highest professional and ethical standards in the area of financial planning. The highest standards of practice on the part of the financial planners include engagement in transparent, judicious, and fair planning for the allocation of investment funds that safeguard the interest of the investors for wealth maximization (Financial Planning Association of Australia, 2012, p.1).

The author states that US economy faces the highest proportion of fraud in the period of economic downturn that is because employees and management don't get money enough for their survival or many other reasons contribute. It has also been observed that proportion of fraud had been increasing with significant percentage each year.

Having studied the case study thoroughly, it can be said that UK's competitive strategy is growth-oriented. They emphasized producing prestigious audio products thereby setting a high benchmark for performance, reliability, and service. The company kept its product line updated according to the development of new technologies.

This is because no one is privy to information that is unavailable to everyone else. Similarly, none of the above mentioned could expect to benefit from the market consistently. How then has Warren Buffett managed to get on the right side of random chance consistently for years?

To examine the effect of UK investors purchasing power and explore how the individual investors' behaviour has transformed post-2007/08 financial crisis. The paper examines the effect of the recent stock market crash of 2007 among individual investors in the UK. In this study, we examine the effect of the financial crisis on investors at large.

Ford Motor Company produced 5.532 million automobiles in its over 90 plants and facilities spread worldwide with a revenue collection of U.S $ 134.3 billion and U.S $ 15.99 billion in Equity and a net income of U.S 5.664 billion (Operating Highlights: Annual Report, 2008, p.

The company that has been chosen for this study is RAK Ceramics. RAK Ceramics is a company based in UAE. The company was established in 1989 by Abdallah Massaad. The Company has been able to establish itself as the world’s largest ceramic manufacturing company in 20 years. The factory is however situated in the Arabian desert.

Keeping in view the research aim and objectives of this study, the researcher has made use of both, qualitative and quantitative research techniques; i.e. a mixed approach has been followed by the researcher in this research work. Each approach has served different objectives set for this study.

One of the ways of legitimizing a business is by paying the tax obligation as and when due. Of late, some businesses have managed to come up with some lucrative tax planning strategies that significantly minimize their tax obligations through exploring the tax avoidance provisions.

Conclusion Personal opinion The government should intervene and dictate the relationship that the politicians should have when it comes to controlling of public corporations. This also goes for the privately run corporations since politicians have a tendency of poking their noses where it is not necessary.

In order to remedy this situation, a company would likely use short-term loans to pay employees what they are owed. This would then take wages and salaries out of liabilities and replace them with debt. On the other hand, it is sometimes possible that a company has money to pay their employees before they actually have to do so.

CVS Caremark Company seems to have a strong financial position based on its public financial results. In the financial year 2011, the company performed better than the preceding years with an increase in the revenues, profits, and margins. Stable performance was also seen by the company determined by the growth in EPS, dividend growth and increase in stock price.

If a company complies with the international accounting standard, it will likely achieve a faithful representation of its financial performance; as well as it will provide the basis for analysis of the company’s position on the global market and further prospects for development of its business.

The concept known to every environmentally aware individual today and simple though it may sound, this is one of the least understood and most controversial issues today. First mentioned by Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius in 1896, it's still not fully understood, the primary reason being the intricate nature of the environment and technology.

It is the objectives of Carol Nash and Louise Pendleton in the process, to contest the alleged 2010 last will and testament supposedly executed by their father, John Pendleton in favor of Charlotte and Trevor Michaels and have it declared invalid. It is their aim to reinstate the validity of the initial will date 1992.

There are exemplary books, articles, and other media that create an opportunity for people to learn this concept, but they must take it into their own consciousness on a very deep level in order for them to consistently work with the process. All of the individuals are living the LOA and present very strong examples of the concept.

At its core, the book is an argument for a re-thinking of the American political tradition more generally and a re-valuation of gay rights activism such that both would take more seriously the “prophetic” voice that has contributed so much to the really radical and productive rhetorics in this country.

Organised as a non-profit organization, the Kuali Foundation is responsible for sustaining and evolving a comprehensive suite of administrative software that meets the needs of all Carnegie Class institutions. The members using the Kuali Financial System are colleges, universities, commercial firms and interested organizations that share a common vision of open, modular, and distributed systems for their software requirements.

Carnival Cruise Lines (CCL) is the largest vacation company in the world. The company was founded in 1974 with headquarter in Miami at Florida. It has more than 80 cruise liners and catering to the more than 7 million passengers worldwide. The company has revenue from vacation tickets, bars, gambling games and many more.

The article discusses this crisis in financial history by highlighting certain cases , most importantly that of New Century, the then second largest lender of subprime mortgages and questions the authenticity of its workings. It then generalizes the phenomenon and bogs down to the deeper, wider challenge faced by the entire accounting profession, revealing its inefficiencies at crises like these.

GSK is a UK based MNC which its presence in the pharmaceuticals and consumer health care. The GSK group prepares its consolidated statements in accordance with the IFRS and the company’s financial statements follow the guidelines of UK GAAP. The second part includes the main uses and types of users of accounting information.

Accounting Theory Introduction Being a big business in today’s world requires a company to maintain prestige, a strong and constant cash flow, and loyal customers. It also means holding a very strong reputation, which can easily be brought down to shame with a single incident.

These rates were then converted into effective annual rates. Lender 15 YR EAR 30 YR EAR Bank of America 3.500 3.905% 4.250 4.505% Lending Tree 2.75 2.97% 3.63 3.75% GMAC 3.250 3.555% 4.0 4.121% Chase Bank 3.625 3.789% 4.375 4.492% AmeriSave 2.750 2.991% 3.250 3.505% There are number of common mistakes individuals make when looking at quoted mortgage rates and shopping for mortgage rates.

It is implied that after opening up the economy the gross domestic product of China has grown gradually and is also at a fast pace. At this pace at the end of the year 2010, China become the second-largest economy in the world after the United States. Before the year, the economy of Japan was the second-largest economy.

The prime goal of every business entity is to maximize its earnings and minimize its expenses. Businesses utilize budgetary control measures to accomplish this goal. By means of budgetary control methods, organizations attempt to forecast their operational activities as well as their outputs in an efficient manner to attain the maximum profits at the least cost.

Sovereign debt, otherwise known as public debt, is borrowing incurred by governments. This figure has risen significantly and become unsustainable for at least three Eurozone countries, namely Greece, Ireland, and Portugal, which have all turned to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other Eurozone member states for financial assistance.

The Foundation of finance is well established to provide a stable framework of financial concepts and decision-making in the economy. However, the financial landscape keeps changing around the economy framework due to an increase in innovation, growth of wealth accumulation, computing, and networks advancement.

The current ratio is greater than the lower quartile this implies that there exist other firms with less liquidity within the industry (Ehrhardt & Eugene, 91). The firm may possess more expected cash flows or easier means to short-term debt. The turnover ratios appear to be greater compared to the industry median actually all are greater than the upper quartile.

Kotler has explained that the objective of marketing is to lure in new customers by providing them a higher and more profitable value for money, while continuously retaining existing customers by exceeding customer or client expectations. It is more of a socially manageable process where customers increasingly seek out products or services by simply creating as well as exchanging values with others (Kotler & Armstrong, 2008, p.5) However, the world in the 21st century has changed and evolved a lot.

On a hierarchical scale, a credit gives more tax savings than either a tax deduction or income exclusion, while a refundable credit provides more than a nonrefundable credit. In order to provide special assistance or encourage certain behavior, governments gives targeted relief to specified groups of taxpayers.

Managed care contracting apply boilerplate acceptance contract, every managed care contract can be divergent when it comes to contributor tasks. Hence, the fundamental agenda for any contributor during the period of the contract procedure should understand the acceptable work of the risk involved outlined by the agreement.

Johnson Control Systems is a multinational diversified technology company which operates three diversified areas of business like building efficiency, automotive experience business and power solution business. The company has active business operation in more than 150 countries across the world.

The paper looks specifically at the definition of permanent establishment and business profits. These models are important because they apply to agreements between different countries. The US model relates to double taxation agreements between the US and other countries with which they have agreements.

Reference can be made, for example, to financial reporting; the specific task cannot be developed without the support of appropriate market research. Moreover, it has been proved that financial information and information content of earnings has the power to affect the investors’ decision-making process.

There are many factors affecting the business in the education sector. One of the most important factor is financial factor since the university is not fully supported by the funding council grants. The total income in the year is 2010-2011 is £74 million of which £34 was the grant received.

The financial crisis facing America in the 2008 financial year posed the greatest economical threat that the American society had witnessed in a long time. The disaster came unexpectedly and renowned financial institutions experienced massive losses. In the years preceding the financial crisis, Americans had bestowed a high level of trust in the leading banking institutions.

The company focuses on the strategy of diversification for its products in the developed, emerging, and maturing markets while focusing majorly on cement and aggregates (O'Halloran, 2004). The products are identified as eminent in the manufacture of many materials in the industry and exhibit a high growth potential.

International trade contributes to a large portion of the Gross Domestic Product in many countries all over the world. In recent times, international trade has gained large importance in terms of social, political, and economic aspects. The two eminent theories of Heckscher-Ohlin and Ricardian theory of international trade by David Ricardo have been discussed below.

The conclusion depicts that the results of transfer-function estimation indicate a positive impact of mergers and acquisitions on systemic risk. Also, the empirical findings and historical evidence support the efficiency hypothesis more than the imminent failure hypothesis. Both hypotheses have been empirically supported by the Z-score value.