Finance & Accounting Essays

From the discussion, it is clear that a firm’s level of debt in its balance sheet may largely depend on a number of external as well as internal market factors. Profitability, stability, size, and market reputation are some of the major elements determining the debt levels of a firm. In addition, availability of bank loans is another major factor that causes varying levels of debt in firms’ balance sheet.

This research is aimed at explaining the process of portfolio management for stock funds performance. Portfolio management entails a process that is divided into four stages: they are mentioned by Bodie et al., (2005) which explain “specifying objectives, identifying constraints, formulating policies and later monitoring and updating the portfolio as needed”.

According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that a goods and services tax system is of much importance to the firm, as it will improve its financial management in the future. The system will improve the record keeping of the transaction that the companies engage in, a factor which will ease management.

Flaps are attached at the trailing edge of a wing to increase the lift during take-off. Once taken off, the flaps are returned to their original position thereby reducing the wing span. The opening of flaps increases the camber of the wing which in turn increases the lift (Taylor 276). Flaps can be attached to the wing in a variety of ways.

Love is a deep emotional feeling no language could fully describe. It is a burning force, a compelling passion, an innate vacuum wanting to be filled, a desire drawing vigor for momentum, something that reassures, or often a perplexing but fascinating contradiction. Love is too enthralling that millions of people find varied ways and strategies.

Organizational structures allow the expressed allocation of responsibilities for different functions and processes to different entities such as the branch, department, workgroup and individual. The matrix structure will be adopted which will allow to group employees in the organization by both function and product.

A publishing house made a contract with a software development company to make their web presence. The entire project needed to be completed within one year as per the contract between both parties. After one and a half years, the publishing company was not satisfied with the work at all and they refused to make the payment to the developer.

The efficient market hypothesis presumes that the market can function exceptionally well in allocating resources. It is a situation where no investor in the money markets can achieve excess profits based on risk adjustment if the information on the investment is in the public domain at the time when making the investment.

Computer crimes are formally defined as crimes that involve a computer and a network. Crimes that are carried out with the help of a computer or where the computer is the target also come under computer crimes. The most common computer crimes include identity theft, financial theft, spamming, and breach of privacy.

It is up to the return expectation and risk appetite of the investor to choose the right product. For high risk taking investors, there are products that invest in stock markets and other volatile markets. Funds that focus on bonds, debt instruments etc. are preferred by low risk taking investors.

According to Fancher (1999-20110), banking deregulation is defined as the removal of regulations that governs the banking system. Arguably, it is clear to illustrate that the United Kingdom’s overreliance on a deregulated banking industry contributed considerably to the economic downturn experienced in the period 2007/2008.

It is on the understanding of his contractual service at the hotel that he would be able to receive any redundancy payment and other statutory rights from the hotel upon termination of his services (Lockton, 2006, p. 137-145). Control Test Method The argument on whether James is an employee or is self employed may first be determined by a court based the Control Test method.

Multi-National Corporations need to introduce excellent business practices, enhance their decision making and give valid reasons for people to invest in the company. Many companies around the world have failed due to a lack of proper corporate governance. The global crisis is an example of how the failure of executives and boards to manage financial institutions, banks and other organizations using proper corporate governance.

This statement of SFAR 141 was put into effect on January, 2009 by the financial accounting standards board following the discussions held in December 2007. It affects any company that follows the generally accepted accounting standards (GAAP) in its financial statements, which is contemplating an acquisition or a merger, or has done so in the recent past (Alfred, 2006).

As in the case of extra ordinary items, this segregation makes the reported information more useful for analysis. To qualify for treatment as discontinued operations, the assets, results of operations, and investing and financing activities of a business segment must be separable from those of the firm.

The main difference between public and private sectors is management and control. Whereas public sector is controlled and managed by the government, private sector is controlled and managed by private sector and individuals. Many differences emanate from the mode of control and management exhibited in these two forms of business entities.

It has always been realized that so many regulations normally impede the process of execution of the budget. While much of the red tape is basically intended to bring order and ensure accountability, too many regulations have been seen to impede the execution of the budget to the extent that intervention measures become imperative.

It helps to maintain a specific value of the currencies in order to enhance the rate of trade operations with other countries or organizations to increase the economic condition and the GDP of the country. Other than this, it also helps to augment the demand for the products and/or services of the organizations by reducing foreign competition along with non-tariff trade obstructions.

Current Scenario In the wake of globalization and due to philosophy of comparative advantage ruling the roost, Guillermo’s existence has been threatened by one of the overseas manufacturer and marketer ever since it has entered into Mexico. The competitor has been selling the products at competitive prices, which Guillermo is unable to match as that is evident from the text “a high-tech approach, this foreign competition provided furniture to exact specifications and did so with rock-bottom prices” (Guillermo’s Case).

Fixed assets are also known as non-current assets—assets that can't be easily converted into cash. Non-current assets can be intangible assets, like ​​investments and intellectual property, as well as real estate and equipment. Noncurrent assets are aggregated into several line items on the balance sheet and are listed after all current assets, but before liabilities and equity.

IITV plc is a media company based in the United Kingdom and covers news, broadcasting and production. The company owns all of the three regional channel licenses in Wales and England. ITV owns ITV1 and ITV2 and has partial interest in GMTV. ITV began its broadcasting in 1955 following the Television Act of 1954 which made commercial television possible in the United Kingdom.  

 This is applicable in the case of management reporting also, as it involves appropriate changes in the existing systems in line with the IFRS requirements and comprehensive training to the concerned personnel since it is very important they understand the concepts underlying the process at all levels within the company for achieving the objectives of the company in the implementation of IFRS.     

The impact of the financial crises seems to have gone past the imagination of leaders of foremost economies. The administrations of various countries have taken and continue to adopt unseen, significant actions, but we need to watch and wait for the results. Moreover, real estate investment is an essential contributor to household welfare, urban development, and the growth of an economy.

The economic analysis of a business comprises of analyzing not only the fundamentals of the business but the overall Macroeconomic as well as Micro-economic factors. It is also known as the top-down approach because a stock analyst observes the macro and microeconomic variables like GDP, inflation rate, Repo rates, Interest rates, consumer spending, various indices, etc.

Games Workshop Group Plc.. Return on Equity (ROE) Return on equity is a profitability measure which indicates how much profit the company has generates on the capital invested by the shareholders. It can be computed as net profit to shareholders’ equity.

ABC ascertains opportunities for management to improve products, services, operations, pricing and vital business processes in order to improve competitiveness in this global market. The imperative information that has been overlooked or hidden by using other traditional accounting approaches can be discovered by using Activity Based Costing (LEITNER, 2007, p.

) Financing activities Payments on loan (75,000) Proceeds from the sale of stock 0 Payment of dividends (5,000) Cash flow from financing activities (80,000) Net decrease in cash (25,000) Beginning cash 50,000 Ending cash 15,000 2. Report a. Analyzing the cash flow The cash flow statement is very important to Anoop (The President) and Meli (Chair of the board of directors) as it shows the cash flows which have occurred in the past accounting period in the company.

Dividend policy is an important tool for increasing the shareholder value. Therefore, the company has to formulate a suitable dividend policy in tune with the internal capital needs for growth and shareholders’ expectations with the objective of stability and consistency to enhance shareholder value.

The total risk of portfolio can be divided into systematic (non-diversifiable) and unsystematic (diversifiable) risk. An investor can reduce the unsystematic risk of investment through proper diversification of securities in the portfolio. Since systematic risk cannot be eliminated, the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) can be used as a tool to determine expected return of asset that is chosen to be added in a well diversified portfolio.

Studies have revealed that a number of hiring in the domain of accounting and finance by reputed U.S. firms are likely to increase.  Since the demise of Andersen due to the infamous Enron Scandal KPMG, Touche, Ernst Young and Price water house Coopers are known as the big four. Before this, it is used to known as the big five.

Differences in operational rules and guidelines and work environments vary among these sectors and may influence an accountant’s preference to work in one sector than another. I, in this paper, explore the difference between the scope of an accountant’s work in the public sector and in the private sector and outline personal goal and interest in the accounting profession.

Relating to this case, the determination of the reports issued by Friday as appropriate or otherwise has been taken into concern as a primary objective of this paper. Moreover, the significant terms associated with auditing like ‘scope limitation’, ‘limited engagement and ‘piecemeal opinion’ have also been considered and related to the case in the discussion of this paper. 

The study highlights the methods of functioning, importance of DFM and its relative importance to the domestic, foreign and institutional investors. The study will focus on the equipments required for trading purposes in Dubai and the rules and regulations required while trading.

Mikkelson and Partch provide that financially conservative firms are those that continually hold huge cash balances to finance their financial activities, meaning that they hardly rely on borrowed capital to finance their investment opportunities. A firm means the one that holds more than 25% of its assets in cash.

The research paper deals with a discussion of the fraudulent activity conducted by a Fortune 1000 Company. The company has been accused of conducting a number of fraudulent activities. It has been found to violate tax regulations when the tax audit was performed by IRS. After the audit, it was found that the inventory write-downs in the total tax returns were not reflected in the financial statements.

Consequently, the paper discusses the Net tangible Asset, unit price, tax exposure, and gearing leverage and ratios for the trust. Additionally, the paper talks about the market capitalization and specific data inputs for the micro-property.

In the lease agreement for this assignment, three clauses within the lease will prove problematic for me if I decide to move into the house. These are the no-pets allowed clause, the unrestricted access by the landlord into the house, indemnity regarding the use of premises, the assignability/subletting clause, and the Holdover clause.

The Sunshine Center is not for profit church outreach program that serves the childcare needs of the community.This paper aims to describe problems, which Sunshine Centre face with and types of necessary changes that should be implemented. The center started as a personal endeavor but was later integrated into the church’s activities and stewardship.

A critical analysis of the document states that the recent global financial crisis that started in 2007 negatively impacted on various global financial institutions that were caught unprepared to deal with the situation. This impacted the operations of the global systemically important banks (G-SIBs) and it also impacted on the global economy as a whole.

One tax has more detractors than supporters even though some who speak out against it would benefit from it the most. This specific tax is not assessed on money or assets that a person earns but on money that s/he inherits—the inheritance tax. The inheritance tax also goes by the name “estate tax” or the more dastardly sounding “death tax.” 

Current Year: 31 December 2011 Prior Year: 31 December 2010 Does the company’s fiscal year follow the calendar year? Yes: The company’s fiscal year follows the calendar year. Chapter 3: Balance Sheet—Question 2 Review the current asset section of your company’s balance sheet.

Second, influential brands would affect the consumer culture itself. In the age of globalization, marketers have obtained cultural authority. By competition among the rivaling brands, the customer is finally supposed to attain personal sovereignty. However, the brand image becomes important both in the context of the marketer and the consumer.

Effectiveness of deterrents: alternating colors on blades (particularly, effects of black/white and UV gel coats); lights (e.g. colour, duration and intensity of pilot warning lights; lasers); infrasound (Breco Buoys7, other noisemakers such as predator and distress calls if not irritating to humans, other wildlife, or domestic animals).

Most of the technologies that are transferred through FDI are ‘standardized’ in nature, whereas the most sophisticated and new technologies are yet to be transferred (Siddiqui, 2007). Another important fact is that most of the foreign investment has taken place in the large cities in India. As a result, a huge section of the country is yet to be covered.

If the analysis does not show much compatibility between the business activities and business environment the business wants to expand in; the business should remove the selected country from its options. The business should seek alternative strategies so as to adjust itself according to the business environment prevailing over there because the business can make changes and adjust itself as its activities are comparatively much easier to change for a particular geographic region or segment.

Mobile search advertising and display advertisements on mobile web pages will account for about $3.1 billion by 2011, with text and picture messaging advertising raking in $2.7bn, it says. But Informa also observes that advertising over mobile TV will be most lucrative, worth almost $4.4bn by the end of 2011.

An organization structure is very important in any organization since it provides a chance for employees and managers to perform their jobs and it enhances the flow of work in the company. Therefore, an organizational structure is aimed at coordinating, regulating, and reducing uncertainty in the employee’s behavior (Ratna, 5-9).

The second difference lies in the manner the Competency-Based Pay is more focused than the traditional Job-Based Pay. This means that the two methodologies have much to understand when coming head to head with one another. The third and last difference between Competency-Based Pay and traditional Job-Based Pay is that the former emphasizes on one particular task at hand while the traditional method was more open, as it involved different tasks as and when these cropped up.

Also this company runs best food grocery stores located in California, provides wide range of exotic herbs and flavors, refreshing wines, wide variety seafood items and baked goods ( baked with European cooking style) etc. This paper analysis the various design elements of the data tables from the perspective of accounting, form an entity relationships diagram illustration using the existing data tables and suggests improvements for the data tables.

The financial department is facing a great challenge as the increased prices in fuel forces the company to increase the prices of its products. Besides, the immense competition faced by the company is from the supermarkets who sell cheap food products thereby attracting the customers and withdrawing them from buying the products of the company.