Finance & Accounting Essays

This includes mainly the sales and cost figure of the company over the period of time. Cost which are capitalized are included in the category of either depreciation or amortization expense.

The results show that neither one nor the other method conclusively shows a higher degree of effectiveness over the other from the nature of the method itself.  Largely, whether the learning method undertaken matches the disposition of the recipient of the training, what his personal preference is, determines how well received and effective the training program will be.

However, with the great potential for returns comes the potential for losses. This factor of risk is what separates older investors from younger investors. In contrast to an older investor, a younger investor can take more serious risks with his or her investments because the all-important factor of time is on his or her side.

Many factors determine the success or failure of mergers and acquisitions hence, it is important for everyone involved in this process to have a clear understanding of how it works. Thus, this essay seeks to critically analyze the extent to which government regulation can influence the success or failure of mergers and acquisitions.

The meat sold by Eagle shop was not of merchantable condition as section 14, subsection 2 of the SGA requires. Although the meat would have been fit for human consumption, it was not fit for poodle consumption. The product, though thought to be of very high quality, does not really have satisfactory quality.

Minicomputers gained popularity in the 1960s when computer engineers designed 12-bit machine from DEC, which was relatively low cost and small as compared to competitors. Small business owners, who did not have enough money to buy mainframes, used minicomputers because at that time minicomputers had the ability to perform somewhat similar tasks as mainframes could do and at relatively low cost.

CSR encourages the engagement and involvement of employees to achieve this particular goal. Most organizations have recognized the importance of the above-mentioned by employing initiatives and strategies. In fact, in this particular case, strategies such as performance appraisal and the Balanced Scorecard had been adopted to ensure employee engagement.

Deferred tax – this is a complex issue, which involves tax that might be payable sometime in the future as a consequence of transactions that has occurred but no certainty as to when the tax will be paid. The main objective of this method is to defer the payment of tax for as long as possible. These taxes might arise due to many reasons but it depends on the tax authority as to accepting the same or not.

Kaplan and Norton (1996) state that “if u can’t measure it, u can’t manage it.” This means that managers of organizations should be in a position to keep track of the way the staff executes activities that are within their control. The manager should also be in a position to monitor the consequences resulting from these actions.

An analysis of the crisis faced by Greece, Ireland and Portugal would have helped in explaining the similar situation that Italy currently faces. A closed scrutiny and vigilance in the fiscal analysis of budgeting would have helped countries such as Greece, Ireland and Portugal from facing such severe economic threats.

Apparently this is the loss for the company management but the underlying cause for this objective may be different. This paper is an attempt to analyze the goals and objectives of the Coca-Cola Company management and analyze those strategies critically and provide some suggestions if needed.

The forecasted forward rate using both interest rate parity theory and the purchasing power parity theory appears to be an unbiased estimate of the future spot rate of the currency. Interest rate is a very important factor in determining the relative exchange rate in an economy and in most countries the Federal Reserve and Central Banks publish the forward exchange rates of the foreign currencies using the prevailing interest rate in the economy.

Sales increase from year 1 to year 2 by 1.5 times, but in the 3rd year, it appears that the sales only increase by 1.33 times, which shows a decline as compared to the previous financial year. Variable cost is included as a percentage of the sales for the month, which is 30% of the sales for the year. All the fixed costs are assumed to be directly attributable to the project.

The government feels that this move will facilitate public schools to take control of their own schools and make resolutions that are excellent for the schools, without the need to compromise any law, or undermine the need for equality in schools (Caro 2012, p.2).

Activity-Based Costing (ABC) in Service Industry Introduction In today’s highly competitive business environment both in the contexts of product as well as service industries, companies have been observed to continuously strive for marketing the commodities at a reasonable price maintaining their profitability at a sustainable rate.

Every business needs an accountant to make sure that they are operating in a specific way so that many issues that may come up with their finances are seen before the issue can happen. There are many forms of accounting and they all take care of business in some way. An accountant must understand the forms of business so they are able to provide the best information for the particular business.

The involvement of Anoop’s mother-in-law can raise concerns among the external shareholder who might consider it “non-arms-length” transactions. In the terms of finance, Anoop’s mother-in-law is a related party to the company and it would specific and separate disclosures in the financial statement regarding the nature and substance of the transactions.

Portfolio management is a professional management field in the investment of stocks, securities, and other investments aimed at making optimal decisions required to meet the desired returns. Investment in shares inherently contains market risk. It associated with some securities may be high whereas the risk associated with other securities may be below. 

Payback rule is a good technique to evaluate an investment as it takes into account the period in which total investment is recovered. Payback rule gives us the time period in which the investment done in the capital is reimbursed by the cash flows generated by the investment.

Accounting information can be used by both internal and external users. Accountants must comply with the general accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The general accepted accounting principles were developed by the FASB in 1973 (Balle, 2013). The accounting cycle ends with the creation of the financial statement of the company.

It was incorporated in the United Kingdom and trades its shares in the London Stock Exchange (LSE). The company dates back to 1885, when William Lever together with his brother established a soap manufacturing company and named it Lever Brothers. They started by manufacturing Sunlight, the first packaged soap which was very successful upon being launched in the market.

The company is targeting to sell its products to lower and middle-income individuals. The monthly sales growth of toothbrushes and toothpaste is expected to grow at sales of £100 and £300 respectively for the first year. The company expects its low-priced products to attract consumers to save income.

The filing of bankruptcy by Lehman Brothers proved to be an unprecedented move which shook the financial industry worldwide. It was September 15, 2008, when Lehman Brothers ultimately filed for bankruptcy protection. It has been recorded to be one of the largest bankruptcy cases in the history of United States.

Fonterra Ltd is a dairy company in New Zealand that is known to bring quality milk products to its customers around the globe. The Fonterra Cooperative group was formed in 2001 and has become the world’s largest exporter with around 11,000 shareholders at present. The bulk exports of Fonterra are exported from New Zealand to 140 countries in the world.

Thin shells have been increasingly adopted as an efficient way to cover up large spaces due to their potential. The dynamic response represents the most intricate type of shell behavior, which applies a controlling impact over the design in the areas of high seismicity. The Finite Element programs are often used to carry out the dynamic analysis of shell structures.

The coursework discusses in broad terms the significant changes in the business environment such as new lifestyle patterns, threats such as the environmental movement and depletion of forests, and the opportunities presented to pro-active industry players who can seize the opportunities to expand market shares and further revenue growth.

Next, your communication will need to provide the healthcare information for your patients and their families to help them make informed decisions about care. When we think about communication, we have to understand that it goes two ways. First, the individual will communicate with another person by sending a verbal, written or email message to them.

The process of international expansion is made possible by the business corporations depending on certain premises like conducting trades related to exporting of commodities to foreign nations, through rendering investment in business units created in foreign territories, opening up of new production units in the foreign locations.

Abstract Accounting is a business discipline that helps organizations accurately track the economic business activity that occurs within the company during specific periods of time. The functionality of the double entry journal system relies on the application of a specific logarithm known in the accounting world as the accounting cycle.

Numerical figures of financial statements can be expressed as percentages of other figures on the same statement. When the income statement is considered, the items of income and expenses are expressed as percentages. The items of assets and liabilities are expressed as percentages of the total assets and total liabilities respectively.

Financial ratios have been calculated in order to analyze the financial performance of this multinational bank. This report analyses the London Stock Exchange market and the stock price movement of HSBC and one of the competitors of HSBC, Barclays Bank. The returns of HSBC are compared against the London Stock Exchange and against Barclays Bank.

In the first instance, the bank may consider the company’s current capital structure, taking into account the overall level of debt funding to equity. On the whole higher levels of gearing may lead the bank to consider that the company represents a greater level of risk than one with a lower level of gearing (Tennentt, 2008).  

A better budget relies on realistic assumptions and does not deviate from reality. It incorporates all the matters which are imminent and possibly could happen in the near term. It includes all those matters which are under the control of the company, such as which products to produce, and where to allocate the resources.

.74 9.21 Caa/CCC+ 9.24 9.31 9.38 9.58 9.65 9.74 10.01 US Treasury Yield 4.74 4.71 4.68 4.63 4.6 4.59 4.56 1. Discuss which interest rates should be used for an asset which is 1 year in length, 5 years in length, 15 years in length and 30 years in length.  The interest rate will depend on the credit rating of the corporation that is issuing the asset.

Regardless of a high decline in the central bank interest rates across the world, the rates of interbank lending continued to be persistently elevated. This demonstrated that the banks lacked confidence in each others’ financial security. This resulted in a rigorous drop in both personal as well as corporate credit in addition to a fast recession in the housing and construction markets.

The study has been focused on the effects of the recent global recession that had its roots in the US and thereafter spread its impacts across the world. It can be learned from the study that while some countries have been moderately affected, many have suffered severely in terms of economy and finance, with the US being the most significant.

Although finance and accounting would fall under the department of finance in most institutions, the two are distinct entities but dependent on each other. Accounting plays an important role in providing decision makers with rational means to measure and budget for the financial performance of a business organization.

When the world’s largest energy companies are taken into consideration one cannot rule out Gazprom. The company is involved in geological exploration, transportation, storage, processing and marketing of hydrocarbons as well as the generation and marketing of heat and electric power. It was established in 1989.

The company is mainly known for the best of designs ever produced. This has always led to the company pricing its cars little above the cost of production and engineered designing. The demand for Mercedes has always remained high in respect to its supply as it is built for the elite class of the society.

The big four audit firms include PWC, (price water house coopers), Delloitte, KPMG and earnest and Young. The firms are termed as the biggest audit firms as a result of a large customer base that they enjoy. Audit firms usually get credibility of their work as a result of the quality of the work that is done by the auditors in the audit firm.

The health system involves the activities of trade unions, charity organizations, religion, and nongovernmental organizations. Health care planning and reforms are evolutional. Healthcare financial system should be reformed to ensure the effective operation of the system. Health coverage should be available to each person even people with low income.

The whole process of credit analysis brings out all the information necessary to determine the borrower’s credit worthiness. This is in terms of ability and commitment to repay the loan in accordance to the set terms. When entrepreneurs write a proposal and are in real need of the finance, the information they provide is likely to be biased because they would not want the bank to deny the loan.

Accounting ASC research Introduction Accounting is a wide scope of study and practice within which are various theories. These theories inform the development of different accounting methodologies. These accounting methodologies are usually guided by industry oversight bodies such as the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) that develop guidelines to be used within the industry.

In regard to the application distribution challenges, there are several mobile banking solutions, which are available through installation on the devices. Currently, the distribution of these products to the customers is still cumbersome and it has been one of the reasons why the adoption of mobile banking has received a slow rating.

Lehman Brothers Company began in 1850 through predecessor entities. From establishing the New York Cotton Exchange, it became the fourth largest investment bank in 1868 with a network of offices in Europe, North America, the Middle East, Latin America and the Asia Pacific region. But due to the worldwide credit crunch of 2007-08, Lehman Brothers has resulted in a tremendous downfall.

Over the past few years, international banking industry has undergone significant changes that have triggered a shift in the way they relate with the developing worlds. Countries of the developing world have also faced rapid transformation in their financial sectors, a kind of growth which has been associated with economic growth.

The public is happy to see that the private sector performs its activities in an organized manner than the government. People forget to look at the negative effects that the private sector has on the environment and social aspects. The public also fails to appreciate the government for its services and thinks that it should do more.

The profitability provided a better measure as compared to the profits. This is because the profitability analyses the profits in terms of the growing sales; and therefore, helps in measuring the efficiency of the company in controlling costs and expenses with the increasing sales. (Keiso 1999)

San Diego County was incorporated in 1850 and is situated in the United States (US), the state of California. In the 48 adjacent US states, it is the most southwestern county. As of January 1, 2011, it was estimated that the population of the city was 1,311,882, thus making San Diego County the second most heavily populated county in California.

This paper provides an analysis of BP financial structure, its cash flows and the dividend policies.