Science Essays

Some researchers regard them as offering the greatest potential for the alleviation of human suffering since the development of antibiotics. Researchers claim that these cells may be used to replace or repair damaged cells, and they possess the potential to drastically change the treatment to many diseases.

He became a prominent and distinguished physician. He was a staunch supporter of division of pharmacy and medicine in the United States (Porter, 97). This paper seeks to analyze John Morgan and his contribution to pharmacy in the lights of broad and diverse academic resources.

Amphetamine and methamphetamine are powerful stimulants of the central nervous system.They are commonly used in pharmaceutical applications, either as metabolites of several therapeutic drugs or as such themselves. They are also often used as abuse drugs and as doping agents in sports.Differentiating between therapeutic and illicit use of AM and MA is essential.

This paper discusses the dangers of arsenate and arsenic in water and also describes the various technologies employed for arsenic removal including the use of nanoparticles. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) emerges as one of the most promising agents to be used with other nonmaterial due to their unique mechanical, electrical, optical, and thermal properties.

Drug development is the process by which new therapies are created and brought to market to treat diseases. The drug should undergo a process before it will be able to approve by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and before it will be marketed.  The Food and Drug Administration ensures the safety and efficacy of the drug being marketed.

"Scientists and farmers have been genetically modifying plants for hundreds of years," he says. Hybrid corn and tangelos (hybrid of a tangerine and grapefruit), for example, are the result of genetic modification through traditional methods of plant breeding.

Air pollution is dangerous to our health and long term exposure to air pollution can shorten our life. Early exposure to air pollutants can slow down development and growth of the lungs in children. In London, air pollution is decreasing over the years due to several steps taken by the government to minimize air pollution.

The word 'Innovation' has evolved into a complex concept with several meanings, and to which could be attributed the rise and fall of civilizations, the competitiveness of global economies, the profitability of firms, the survival of nations, and the explanation of both the best and the worst in everything human.

This is why food is made to be visually appealing as much as they ought to appeal to a person's sense of taste. One of the most common methods of utilizing this appeal comes in the colors foods are presented to us. The title of the project will be Smarties Chromatography and the main objective will be to identify the colors that make up Smarties candies and to identify the corresponding chemicals that are used for these colors.

Aristolochic acid is made of a mixture of both aristolochic acid I and aristolochic acid II in a 1:1 ratio. Aristolochic acid is highly carcinogenic (cancer-causing) and nephrotoxic (harms the nephrons in the kidneys). Normally, this type of acid is found in several natural, botanical products sold commonly as ‘traditional medicines’.

To understand forensic anthropology, it imperative that one understands what forensic involves and after that moves on to understand what anthropology all is about. Having understood the two, it is then necessary to draw a link between the two or evaluate all the possible relationships between the two.

Finite element analysis is a tool used in engineering to determine the physical effects a given set of boundary conditions will have on a part. Boundary conditions can be forces, temperatures, hydrostatic pressures, and displacements. The basic theory of finite element analysis is the same regardless of the type of analysis being done.

Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during the consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. The average World Carbon Dioxide Emissions were 4.53 metric tons/capita in 2005.

Gasoline is a petrol-derived mixture and is inflammable. It has hydrocarbons and benzene. It is produced in oil refineries and has between 5 and 12 carbon atoms per molecule. Unleaded gasoline has at least 15 hazardous substances including toluene (35%) and is classified as highly volatile and will result in vapor lock where combustion does not take place.  

Hydrography is a science that produces charts and maps with points that have the following characteristics – they show latitudinal and longitudinal position, they show the depth of water at that position with chronological compatibility to tidal variations and they also show distance from particular land features like coastline indentures.

The horizontal asymptote of the graph of the function N(t) = (0.8t + 1000 ) / (5t+4) would be at 5t + 4 = 0, thus, at t = -4/5. N(t) approaches 0.16 ( equals 0.8/5). As a sufficient amount of time passes by, the influence of medication diminishes and the body concentration approaches the natural level of 0.16 parts per million.

Subsequent natural use of these phosphates, by plants for example, and the artificial channeling of river, stream, or ocean water (by man) to irrigate crops, bring the washed-off phosphates into the living ecosystem. This living ecosystem consists of growing plants, living animals, and human beings in their inter-influence.

The research method of studying intensively a small social collectivity over a period of time by joining it and participating in its activities is known as ethnography or field research. It is typically used in the study of small communities, gangs, total institutions, informal groups and other small scale settings.

For example, global warming is a scientific study that has been being researched and predicted for well over a decade now. These studies are gathered and discussed within political groups so that implementations can be made to raise awareness and to try and correct the environmental problems.

A plant consists of many thousands of cells that are used as building blocks (Bowes, 1996). However, as with a house, different types of building blocks are used in different places. Groups of similar cells form a tissue (Bowes, 1996). Living things are constructed of cells. Living things may be unicellular or multicellular. 

The word clone is originated from the Greek word which means sprout or branch. A Clone is a group of genetically identical cells. Cloning is the creation of an organism that is in an exact genetic copy of another. Hans Spemann first envisioned cloning with differentiated cells by nuclear transfer technique in the year 1938.

Since the primal focus of this study is the impact of the hedonic value of a beverage on its consumption, the authors describe the concept of hedonic value, as being a sensory measure of liking and discuss the studies conducted previously in this regard, highlighting their important findings.

Hopefully, of late, UK government has much considerately taken decision to reduce and emit carbon-di-oxide from buildings. Consequently, building industry in the Britain is at stake and likely to face countless barriers in promoting building industry in the country.

The genetics of sex-determination itself is clearly defined and under the influence of a single gene, Sry, the testis determining gene, located on the Y chromosome. Sry is the only gene required to establish male development. Researchers first suspected that homosexuality might also be gene-related when they studied the occurrence of gayness in siblings.

Postural sway during quiet standing is the resultant action of various destabilizing forces acting on the body and actions by the postural control system to prevent a loss of balance. Human postural sway is a stochastic process and can be represented in terms of the fluctuations of the centre of pressure (COP) under the feet of a quietly standing subject.

The unit of rock was formed under changing geological conditions. The primary magmatic mass did not turn into the future granite unit but had experienced a number of transformations. The tectonic activity and motion of tectonic plates which had different geological structure caused future unordinary structure and a number of cracks and emptiness in new formed mineral rock.

Several species of birds demonstrate this type of variation at the embryonic stage. The eggs they lay are coloured or spotted in particular ways, the complete reasons for which have been somewhat elusive to researchers for some time. In fact, birds are the only species that produce pigmented eggshells.

When locomotives were invented, simple, god-fearing folks looked upon it as the work of the devil, let loose on this planet to derail the honest, Christian scheme of things. It is no wonder then, that as we are poised to take yet another giant leap forward - in the field of medicine, this time - politics, emotions and religious beliefs have queered the pitch once again, and erected all the usual stumbling blocks.

The author states that modern studies in different areas of science are practically impossible without a comprehensive qualitative analysis in many aspects the methods employed are either used wrongly or have little practical effectiveness. As a result, many researchers reject empirical quantitative methods and make a hypothesis based on their own vision.

The design of the research study itself should have used a time-series experimental design, comparing the participants’ performance during and after the time they have been exposed and immersed in the hydrotherapeutic environment. Through this experimental design, the researchers can truly generalize the findings of their research.

There is a very close relationship between biodiversity loss and human population growth. Quite simply, the more people there are, the more we push aside wild plants and animals. As our population has grown, other species have had to adapt to living in confined reserves or enclaves, lest they go extinct.

The study of rigid body dynamics allows us to understand the main principles and laws of mechanics in practice as it provides visual examples based on natural observations. Rigid body dynamics principles and laws allow us to simply several real-life physical problems, which deal with the motion of bodies and successfully solve them.

If unsure whether an image is a face or not, transform it to face space, then do the inverse transform to get a new image back (Danner, T. & Datta, Indraneel, “Eigenfaces Group - Algorithmics”, par. 7).To illustrate the methodology mentioned, consider the eigenface in Figure 2. It presents the possible face images that can be matched perfectly or closely enough.

These types of problems (especially systems of differential equations) are solved numerically using several similar algorithms which are based on the principles of numerical integration. The definition of the task “solve the differential equation” means “integrate differential equation” so all differential equation numerical solving techniques.

Generally speaking, Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas that also plays a role in the cycling of stratospheric ozone. Air samples from the lower stratosphere exhibit 15N/14N and 18O/16O enrichment in nitrous oxide, which can be accounted for with a simple model describing an irreversible destruction process. 

Online journals, publications, and studies researched on the internet. Tithe conclusion was that alcohol-based hand rubs are well-tolerated and do not dry out or irritate the skin. The active ingredient in sanitizer alcohol is effective than soap and water in killing bacteria and viruses that cause disease.

Consider the following (Fig. a(1)) R, L & C series circuit with impedances ZR, ZL & ZC. Let a supply V of angular frequency ω is applied to this circuit with a current I through it. If VR, VL & VC are voltage drops across R, L & C then according to Kerchhoff’s Law then, V=VR+VL+VC IZeq=IZR+IZL+IZC (where Zeq is the equivalent or total impedance of this circuit).

After analysis of the results, it is found that the second method – the balanced Wheatstone bridge one – is more accurate. Explanations are furnished in the conclusion as to why this is so. It is also recommended that a balanced Wheatstone bridge with an amplifier be tried out as a measuring entity.

From a dilemmatic perspective, the research study by Eveland presents a set of dilemmas than problems, interlocked with choices to stay with; for instance, the selection of work groups, sample sizes, near-retirees versus young employees, the impact of computer support systems or otherwise, to name a few.

The continuous effort of modern medicine gives rise to the birth and development of many drugs designed and engineered to cure illnesses such as cancer, which have taken millions of lives before. Life, above all, is a precious thing and a sacred entity that is worthy of every respect. Yet, the human mind is an abode of many intentions and desires.

Evaluation techniques can be divided into ex-ante and ex-post. While the ex-post evaluation has always been present and is now a standard, the ex-ante assessment presents greater interest as it allows to assess the future returns of investments. Each evaluation of research, regardless of type, requires experts, funds, and time to be carried out in a proper way.

A number of premier research papers and documents have been procured by searching the Internet. All of these pertain to ‘consent to utilize healthcare information for research purposes. It is expected that this particular review of literature pertaining to this chosen topic shall adequately serve the purposes of such a literature review.

Hominids are included in the super-family of apes, the Hominoidea, in which the members are referred to as hominoids. Though the fossil record of hominids is currently fragmented and incomplete, there is enough material present to provide a healthy sketch of the evolutionary history of homo sapiens. The Australopithecines were “bipedal primate mammals”.

Stability is the aim of Homeostasis as it controls internal reactions against external changes by adjusting its processes to maintain balance. For this survey, we will be limiting the reference to humans as organisms. The search and removal of wastes inside the body which it produces, is called the process of excretion (Poison Protection).

One can define a cleanroom as an area often used in either science research or manufacturing, that contains a low count of environmental pollutants (which usually include items such as aerosol particles, dust, chemical vapors, and airborne microbes.  To be more specific, cleanrooms generally have a controlled amount of contamination that is usually derived or based upon the number of particles per cubic meter at a specified particle size.

However,  the increasing population and failure to preserve water resources have brought worldwide water crisis. Key water management challenges include “effective water management, controlling water pollution, conserving aquatic biodiversity, and coping with changes to water resources associated with climate change” (Budds, p.142).

Raw and unprocessed food is naturally contaminated with a range of micro-organisms which may include pathogenic forms. The microbiology laboratory is concerned with testing foods to both determine the level of microbial contamination as well as to ascertain the presence of specific pathogens on foods.

Intervention is required in order to ensure commercial sustainability. In order to prove the thesis statement, the article set three objectives: "(1) to demonstrate the variability in density and demographic structure that forest managers may encounter in the field; (2) to quantify impacts of conventional logging practices on commercial mahogany populations; and (3) to examine how patterns described here may impact population recovery under 'one size fits all' management prescriptions" (Grogan et al.

Surveying has been an essential element in the development of the human environment since the beginning of recorded history and it is a requirement in the planning and execution of nearly every form of construction. Its most familiar modern uses are in the fields of transport,  communications, and the definition of legal boundaries for land ownership.