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The FFE's investment was heavy in transport and food processing sectors and was concentrated in serving the local markets. There was no domestic competition in these areas and hence the government measure to stimulate technology transfer or better performance from the FFEs were futile efforts (Tseng & Zebregs).
In order to carry out an analysis of the market, it is very crucial to identify the overall size, profitability, and working environment. Then it becomes possible to analyze market potentiality and financial feasibility. For the attainment of business growth, it is essential to make the implementation of adequate tools of marketing.
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Hence the design of fiscal rules and frameworks of France's economy must be good to solve these above-mentioned problems. At present, fiscal frameworks are geared to achieving medium-term balances around zero. It is suggested that France should maintain medium-term targets for the budget balance and the stock of public debt and then it should target long-term policy objectives.
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In terms of globalization, no country can dream of a Robinson Crusoe type economy. Global interactions among nations are at a rise. In the past ten years, the global volume of trade has risen by 3-4 folds. With that kind of a rise in global trend, exchange rate mechanism gains immense importance as a determining factor of the global order.
The fallout of criticism of Mercantilism by Adam Smith the belief began to fade and by the late 18th century, most nations began adopting the theories put forth by him and other classical economists. Beginning with British Empire and followed to a lesser degree by European nations Mercantilist theories were replaced by Free Market Economies.
The origin of the international debt crisis of the 1980s in Latin America rooted in a shift from government borrowing to commercial borrowing. It is evident from the trend in the Latin American economies that a boom was followed by a slump or recession in the economy, adhering to the economic fact that neither recessions nor booms are long-lasting.
The Gold standard may be defined as a common monetary standard that is used by several nations, in which the economic unit of account is fixed in terms of a standard measure of gold. Due to the differences in exchange rates between various currencies of the world, the exchange is made in terms of units of gold, which is a favored medium of exchange.
The paper "Competitiveness of Chinese Textile in EU Market" is a wonderful example of a dissertation on macro and microeconomics. The paper analyses the strength of the Chinese Textile and Apparel industry in the Global Market and the competitiveness of the industry particularly in the EU market.
Costs in general may refer to the price that is paid in producing a good. There are two major kinds of costs (a) outlay costs and (b) opportunity costs. The outlay costs refer to the financial expenditures that are recorded in account books, such as wages, salaries, maintenance, repair, and others.
The Irish Run firms can run business equal to that of Valley Park Stables and Hunters Glen though it has less space as it is having direct access to the park. The access to the park can be used to cater to the needs of the customers who want boarding for their horses and fewer ridings without regular participation.
The consumption expenditure holds the lion’s share of GDP whereas the investment is much smaller, but concerning government decline of GDP during recessions is generally initiated by decline in investment is a much smaller component of the same, but a decline in GDP during recessions is countercyclically initiated by a decline in investment rather than consumer expenditure.
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The governments of developing countries, like the more well-to-do industrialized nations, seek to reap more benefits than costs from the globalization. International exchange of technological innovations, a worldwide network of financial markets and trade and development of new institutions are essential components of globalization.
In a monetary and credit system of Spain there are about 150 banks with an aggregate number of branches 17 727 and the general number of workers 138 386 persons. The prominent feature of the bank system of Spain is an exclusively high level of concentration and centralization of manufacture and the capital.
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China is the world's most populous country, with a continuous culture stretching back nearly 4,000 years. China started to come up economically in the 1950s. According to Jinglian, W (2006), the current Chinese economic reforms have resulted in significant progress in the last twenty years. In the early 1980s China dismantled collective farming and allowed private enterprise again.
The enterprises became more efficient with the help of the private sector and the change in business philosophy which enable the new corporation to meet the corporate goal of increasing its shareholders' wealth. The enterprise's success also indirectly accomplished the original traditional government objective of the SOE.
As the world comes to a position of becoming more ‘globalized’, trade in different commodities has flourished and nearly everything that could have been sold in the international market as a commodity has been sold. In fact, even a thing such as energy is taken as a commodity to be traded between interested parties.
Green economics believes that everything which exists on the Earth has a connection with the rest of the species or nature. It believes that resources are limited and one can not extract uses from them unlimitedly. It also states that one cannot expand in a limited space. Green economics has so far been considered external to mainstream economics.
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In the Post Industrial Revolution era, the economies of many countries have experienced tremendous growth, which has resulted in the shape of economic strength and high living standards in the countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Europe. Despite the tremendous progress the economies of these countries also face periodical economic shocks.
The transitional process of a socialist economy to a market economy has become an important issue recently. Djankov et al. (2003) point out that "the interest in institutions revived with the collapse of socialism, and the transition of the economies in Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, and China to capitalism.
The branch of economics which deals with the explanation and description of economic phenomena is called positive economics. Normative economics is another branch of economics that includes what particular policy actions should be recommended to attain a desirable goal or value judgments about the economy should be like.
The innovative managerial & marketing process is one of the main strategies employed by business concerns, big and small in order to neutralize the effects of negative characteristics of a fragmented market. The traditional managerial processes cannot sustain. modern cut-throat competition, especially from giant multinational corporations.
The increase in wages to the international level will lead to production costs, these would tend to distort labor or other markets in the affected countries, thus distorting development, discouraging investment, fostering labor-displacing technologies, forcing workers out of the formal economy into the informal sector and so forth.
Rising prices always initiate a chain reaction in the market. This means that with an increase in the price of a single entity, the prices of all products would automatically go up given the nature of the supply and demand forces. If poorer nations are considered, the cities are in a way better off economically than the far-flung areas.
Physical Movement Company needed to expand its horizons into other markets and decided to target Switzerland, Japan, and the United Kingdom as its target markets to introduce its mobility products. Introducing the products is the first step towards becoming global. The company must closely monitor the progress of the sale in these regions and patience is required to achieve the long-term goals.
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This has been followed by the Russian organization’s ambitious plans to acquire partnerships and to venture into foreign markets. The Russian organizations that are already listed, or are planning to get listed in international markets, are increasing in number. About 110 Russian entities are at various stages of considering the acquisition.
Economic forces within the United States have created a worrisome trend in which it appears not all children from different parts of the country are getting the opportunity to have top-of-line education from the nation’s public school system. Inequalities in the type of education children are receiving around the country exist.
It is a common phenomenon the world over that the oil and gas prices have impacted the basis of economies and have been able to bring about changes at the top when the masses have come out in the streets and raised their voice against the discriminatory effects that the oil prices seem to have on their lives.
Reith also is of the view that the role once undertaken by unions has been overtaken by events that have made their role statutory as provided through the Parliament. The existence of a union means the danger of employees being forced to join a Union and allow the Union to negotiate on their behalf, even if they do not wish to join the Union.
A way for developing countries to obtain a capital injection into the economy is through foreign direct investments (FDI). FDI has the benefits of providing financing, providing technology transfers and access to new export markets. China has utilized this strategy effectively attracting $57 billion in FDI in 2003.
The main purpose of Economic Theory is to provide an outlet for research in all areas of economics. Economic Theory is providing a wide spread of scientific knowledge in the relevant area of economics. Various factors are influencing outside the business are the external factors; among them, the main factor is the degree of competition.
Communities are the basic reason for the tourist to travel, their need to experience the way of life of different communities, their culture, and the nature of different communities. Tourism growth prospects are ever-growing. Every country has got an advantage from this field. World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) estimates show that “in 2002 travel, tourism and related activities will contribute 11% to the world’s GDP, rising to 12% by 2010.
The Phillips curve, which has played an important role in macroeconomic theory since the early 1960s, can be viewed as an intermediate form of supply function, in which process is partially, but not fully, flexible so that both the level of output and the price level share in the adjustment to the various shocks impinging on the economy.
Really, if Europeans have created a uniform central bank, if they managed to convince of necessity of the introduction of a single currency let not all the national governments, but the majority, why it is impossible to consider an opportunity of a similar agreement between the USA, Europe, and Japan.
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Surveys or informal interviews were only conducted on a few individuals, such as personalities who have direct knowledge in the property market of Australia, but it was explained that this was only for the purpose of this study. No questionnaires are formulated and no surveys have been conducted on the topic.
Oil has been used as a political weapon for more than 30 years but the real threat has always been the ample supply of oil, not the lack of it. Middle Eastern nations would have little political clout and would be forced to accept the will of the world if western nations’ economies did not depend on imported oil.
Hungary banned the import of all UK turkey products and commenced a public information campaign that recommended the purchase of Hungarian poultry. The consequence was that most of the Hungarian supermarkets stopped selling UK products. Internal markets within the European Community are formed on the basis of Article 14 of the EC Treaty.
A number of partnership arrangements have been formulated in recent years. Ireland is a small country, size-wise and population-wise. But its industrial and service base is dynamic. Both transnational and indigenous companies do well to interact with the state system, mainly with regard to training and development.
The relative merits of using the Keynesian Regional Income and expenditure multiplier model is that it determines the impact of exogenous shocks on a regional economy and provides a reliable prediction on the consequences of a policy action that aims to reduce regional disparities simply by using statistical data on regional income and employment.
. Using nano-materials, lighter, stronger, more corrosion-resistant composites are being developed which can reduce the weight of vehicles, improve safety, and extend their life. Down the road, we can expect car bumpers made of smart materials that heal themselves and reduce impact-related injuries.
The urge to live in a foreign country may be encouraged by better economic facilities available to the immigrants and their families. However, it is often seen that ethnic minorities are not evenly represented in the country. This can be due to many reasons such as negative stereotypes, prejudice, and other social and cultural factors.
The author of the paper states that International Financial Markets is a place where the players are mostly the member countries, purchasing and selling, accruing capital and trying to regulate the economic trend in the home country. International Financial Market trends have been on a growth rate since the last three decades.
China has become a member of the WTO (World Trade Organization), and this participation in the world market means that tradition is subject to the terms of the WTO. As pertains to China’s film industry, China is obligated to reciprocate foreign film industries by opening its markets to receive and promote the film work of foreign countries.
It has benefited the oil industry in particular and the general industry, by and large, has coped up. The stable and growing GDP bears testimony to this fact. However the two concerns of rising inflation, though moderate at this stage, and rising interest rates are areas that will need constant monitoring and corrections.
It has led to changes in industrial organizations’ market transparency. The airline industry and its segment Online Travel Agencies (OTA) have exhibited increased transparency level in B2B and B2C transactions. Orbitz – an OTA has risen to the occasion to reap the benefits of doing business via the internet.
The continuous development of the country’s manufacturing industry can be considered as a significant tool towards the achievement of the ‘independency’ of the country from the oil production, even if this target will be achieved in the long term. The financial development of Saudi Arabia has been slow but continuous especially in the last decade.
The economic growth of a country highly depends on the size of the market (domestic and foreign) the country is serving. It is essential for businessmen, bankers, government officials, and economists to carefully assess the present macroeconomic environment. The macroeconomic study will provide us a better picture of the economic activities.
The author states that the Economist, of the country, had a detailed study of the economic condition of socialist countries. There was also an effort in bringing the balance of payment into the equilibrium and correcting economic imbalances. Further, an implication of liberalization also provided a conducive atmosphere for economic relations.
The burden will be heavier if the current PFI continues since the risk markup will be placed on their shoulder. However, the jobs generated by the industry are also significant. This is the reason why risk costing was not eliminated in the first place. Firms can still generate profits beyond what would they normally have in a public-funded project.
Offshoring emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s initially with tasks related to customer services but now encompasses a broader range of activities including software development, and other activities requiring high skilled human capital. This issue is politically charged as the number of jobs that could be relocated is large.
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The literature entitled ‘Strategic Interaction among EU Governments in Active Labor Market Policy-making: Subsidiarity and Policy Coordination under the European Employment Strategy’ discussed the Active Labour Market (ALM) – a local labor market policy or program that was implemented by the European governments in order to minimize the effect of globalization on employment opportunity.